1、To know some useful words and expressions. To understand some language points in the passage. melt ecology habitable sustain the way in which plants, animals, and people are related to each other and to their environment, or the scientific study of this to make something continue to exist or happen
2、for a period of time good enough for people to live in it changes to a liquid, usually because it has been heated. 词根词缀：词根词缀： eco- 经济，生态经济，生态 -logy 学说学说 ecological adj. 生态的生态的; 生态学的生态学的 ecologist n. 生态学家生态学家 ecosystem n. 生态系统生态系统 fuel comprehensive worldwide trend including all the necessary facts,
3、details, or problems that need to be dealt with a substance such as coal, gas, or oil that can be burned to produce heat or energy a general tendency in the way a situation is changing or developing everywhere in the world frequently broadcast policy footprint a way of doing something that has been
4、officially agreed and chosen by a political party, business, or other organization very often or many times a mark made by a foot or shoe to send out radio or television programmes 1. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuel huge amounts of + 不可数名词不可数名词 大量的大量
5、的 修饰修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词名词作主语时，谓语动词用用复复数形式数形式 eg Huge amounts of damage have been done in a very short time. a huge amount of +不可数名词不可数名词 大量大量的的 修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 eg A huge amount of money has been spent on this project. (1) 一般只用来一般只用来修饰可数名词复数形式修饰可数名词复数形式的有的有： a great / good many, a grea
6、t / large / good number of, quite a few等。等。 (2) 一般只用来一般只用来修饰不可数名词修饰不可数名词的有的有: quite a little, a great deal of, a large amount of, large amounts of等等。 【归纳归纳】 表示“许多，大量”的表示“许多，大量”的短语：短语： (3) 既既可可修饰修饰可数名词复数形式，又可数名词复数形式，又可修饰可修饰不可不可 数名词数名词的有的有： plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a mass of, masses of 等，这时谓语动词的单
7、复数形式取决于它们等，这时谓语动词的单复数形式取决于它们 后面所接的名词的形式。后面所接的名词的形式。 (4) a large quantity of和和large quantities of后既后既 可接可数名词复数形式可接可数名词复数形式，又，又可接不可数名词可接不可数名词， 这时谓语动词的单复数形式要由这时谓语动词的单复数形式要由quantity的的 单复数形式来决定。单复数形式来决定。 从括号内选择适当的词填空。从括号内选择适当的词填空。 1) Its reported that a good amount of money _ (was / were) spent to preven
8、t and control desertification (荒漠化荒漠化). 2) A large number of houses _ (was / were) destroyed in the earthquake. 3) I think that large amounts of time _ (is / are) wasted in watching TV series. 4) A large quantity of flowers _ (has / have) been planted in our school. was were are has 2. The heat is r
9、eleased back into space at longer wave lengths. release vt. : to let a substance flow out 排放排放；释放；释放 release sth. into sth. eg Oil was released into the sea. Coal power stations release sulphur dioxide(二氧化硫二氧化硫) into the atmosphere. release vt. : to let news or official information be known and prin
10、ted 发布发布 eg The latest developments have just been released to the media. release n. 排放；释放；发布排放；释放；发布 eg The accident caused the release of radioactivity(放射性物质放射性物质) into the atmosphere. There are strict rules on the release of official information. 3. Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result
11、in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate. result in: to make something happen 导致导致，造成，造成 eg The accident resulted in the death of two passengers. Our efforts resulted in success. 【拓展拓展】 result from. 由由造成造成; 因因而产生而产生 as a result of. 由于由于的结果的结果(后接名词、代词或动词后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式作宾语形式
12、作宾语) as a result 结果结果 (在句中常用作插入语在句中常用作插入语, 相当于一个副词相当于一个副词) eg His failure resulted from not working hard enough. He is unable to go to school as a result of the fall from his horse. He saved the life of the boss daughter. As a result he was given an excellent job. 翻译下面句子。翻译下面句子。 1) 他的粗心导致了他的失败。他的粗心导
13、致了他的失败。 2) 他犯了一个大错误，因此失去了工作。他犯了一个大错误，因此失去了工作。 3) 疾病通常是由缺乏睡眠引起的。疾病通常是由缺乏睡眠引起的。 His carelessness resulted in his failure. He made one big mistake, and as a result he lost his job. / He lost his job as a result of one big mistake. Sickness often results from lack of sleep. 4. We as individuals can also
14、 reduce our “carbon footprint” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. restrict vt. : to limit or control the size, amount, or range of something 限制；限定限制；限定 eg In future we will restrict class sizes to 20 students. Im restricting myself to a piece of candy a day. restrict
15、ion n. : a rule or law that limits or controls what people can do 限制限制规定；限制法规；约束规定；限制法规；约束 eg The park is open to the public without restriction. It is a club with strict restrictions on its membership. I am restricted to three cups of tea a day. 翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。 1) 我被限制一天喝三杯茶我被限制一天喝三杯茶。 2) 他不喜欢他们限制他选
16、择的自由。他不喜欢他们限制他选择的自由。 He dislikes their restriction of his freedom of choice. 5. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming. seize vt. : When you seize an opportunity, you take advantage of it and do something that you want to do. 抓住抓住 seize a chance
17、/ an opportunity : to quickly and eagerly do something when you have the chance to 抓住抓住机会机会/时机时机 eg Seize the chance, otherwise youll regret it. Joe seized an opportunity to speak to his boss alone. seize vt. : to take hold of something suddenly and violently (突然猛地突然猛地)抓取抓取 eg Suddenly he seized my
18、hand. I seized his arm and made him turn to look at me. seize vt. : to take control of a place suddenly and quickly, using military force 夺取夺取 eg The soldiers seized the city after a hard fight. A group of soldiers seized the airport. seize vt. :(of a strong feeling, desire, etc) affect (sb) suddenl
19、y and overwhelmingly （指强烈的感情、愿望等）突然影（指强烈的感情、愿望等）突然影 响或控制（某人）响或控制（某人） eg I was seized with a sudden desire to laugh out loud. When she saw his face, she was seized by fear. 根据汉语翻译补全句子根据汉语翻译补全句子。 1) The young man _ and made some money. 这个年轻人抓住机会赚了一些钱。这个年轻人抓住机会赚了一些钱。 2) They _ in a surprise attack. 他们他
20、们突袭攻占了机场。突袭攻占了机场。 3) I was suddenly _ great insecurity and loneliness. 我我突然感到很没有安全感，很孤独突然感到很没有安全感，很孤独。 seized by/with a feeling of seized the chance seized the airport 1. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer. There is little doubt that. 几乎没有疑问几乎没有疑问的是的是 其中其中，that引导同位语从句，说明引导
21、同位语从句，说明先行词先行词 doubt的内容。的内容。 There is no doubt that. 毫无疑问的是毫无疑问的是 There is some doubt about sth. 对对值得值得怀疑怀疑 注意：注意：doubt前有否定意义的词修饰时，其后的同前有否定意义的词修饰时，其后的同 位语从句由位语从句由that引导；引导；doubt前有肯定意义的词修饰前有肯定意义的词修饰 时，其后的同位语从句由时，其后的同位语从句由whether或或if引导引导。 eg On the other hand, there is little doubt that people with lo
22、w EQs often have problems getting on with other people. There is no doubt that he is honest. There is some doubt about his ability. I have some doubt whether he will be fit in time for next Sundays match. 2. not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. not only . but also . 不仅不仅而且而
23、且 连词词组，连接两个相同的结构连词词组，连接两个相同的结构 此此连词可以连接两个主语、谓语、宾语、表连词可以连接两个主语、谓语、宾语、表 语、状语等，还语、状语等，还可连接两个并列的句子，所可连接两个并列的句子，所 强调的重点是后面部分强调的重点是后面部分。 当当它它连接主语连接主语时，时， 谓语动词的数应服从谓语动词的数应服从就近就近 原则原则：由最靠近谓语动词的部分即：由最靠近谓语动词的部分即but also后后 面的部分（名词或代词）决定谓语动词的数。面的部分（名词或代词）决定谓语动词的数。 eg We not only watch TV but also read books and
24、 newspapers after supper. Shakespeare was not only a writer but also an actor. Not only Tom but also I am an engineer. 【拓展拓展】 not only位于句首时，主谓要倒装位于句首时，主谓要倒装。 eg Not only had the poor man been arrested, but also he had been sent to prison. Not only is food production important but also taking care of the environment is important. Use these words and expressions to make sentences.
