1、UNIT 5 POEMS 素养导航导航 主题语境人与社会 文学 “童年的时光多么美好,童年的回忆如在眼前!果园、草地和茂盛的 密林,童年里处处如此可爱;宽阔的池塘,池塘边的磨坊”诗歌介 绍了Woodworth的童年生活。也正是那时的农场生活,给他留下了 美好的回忆。 The Bucket If youve ever driven down Old Oaken Bucket Road on the eastern side in Scituate,you might have noticed a historic sign situated on the side of the road ide
2、ntifying the former homestead of the famous poet Samuel Woodworth. Two hundred years ago,this farmhouse was the home of Samuel Woodworth.During the long summers of his childhood,young Samuel would often pause at the well.It was a welcome break,especially on a hot afternoon.On such a day he would eag
3、erly draw a bucketful of cold water and satisfy his thirst with a refreshing drink. When he was fourteen,Woodworth left Scituate for New York City,where he started his own newspaper.Later he worked as an editor at other newspapers and magazines while writing novels,plays,and poetry in his spare time
4、.His life was busy,and he rarely had time to visit the family farm. But Woodworth never stopped thinking of his Scituate home.After work one evening,Woodworth poured himself a glass of city water.It wasnt very refreshing.Casually he remarked to his wife,Lydia,how wonderful it would be to have a long
5、,cool drink from the oaken bucket at his fathers well.Lydia had a suggestion: Why not put it to poetry? It was a suggestion Woodworth could not resist.That night he wrote “The Bucket.” In it he captured the world of his childhood on a hot summer day and the simple joy of stopping for a drink at his
6、fathers well. His poem was an instant success.It seemed to touch everyone who had ever been homesick.At the height of its popularity,The Old Oaken Bucket was translated into four languages,and the words were set to a popular tune of the time.Over the years,countless people have read or sung Woodwort
7、hs ode to his boyhood.Today it is the official song of Scituate,Massachusetts. In his time,Samuel Woodworth was a successful writer.Now his poems and plays are all but forgotten.He would be,tooif it hadnt been for a glass of warm water,some good advice from his wife,and his love of those long-ago da
8、ys on the farm. 词海拾贝 identify vt.识别;确定 refreshing adj.提神的;新鲜宜人的 remark v.评论;谈论 resist v.抵抗;抵御 popularity n. 流行;欢迎 translate vt. 翻译 典句欣赏 If youve ever driven down Old Oaken Bucket Road on the eastern side in Scituate,you might have noticed a historic sign situated on the side of the road identifying
9、the former homestead of the famous poet Samuel Woodworth. 译文:如果你曾经驱车沿着锡楚埃特老橡木桶路东侧行驶,你可能 会注意到路边有一个历史性的标志,标明了著名诗人塞缪尔 伍德 沃思的故居。 分析:you might have noticed a historic sign是主句,If youve ever driven.是条件状语从句,situated on the side of the road是过去分词 短语作宾语补足语,identifying the former homestead是动词-ing形式 构成的短语作定语修饰si
10、gn。 探究思辨 1.What experience most likely helped Woodworth write The Bucket? 2.Who is your favourite Chinese poet?Say something about him/her. 答案 1.His growing up on a farm. 2.The answer may vary. Section A Reading and Thinking .知识体系图解 重点词汇 1.drama n. 2.imagery n. 3.literary adj. 4.nursery adj. n. 5.fo
11、lk adj. 6.nursery rhyme 7.mockingbird n. 8.brass n. 9.bull n. 10.bee n. 戏;剧;戏剧艺术 形象的描述;意象;像 文学的;爱好文学的;有文学作品特征的 幼儿教育的 托儿所;保育室 民间的;民俗的;普通百姓的 童谣;儿歌 嘲鸟 黄铜;黄铜制品;铜管乐器 公牛 蜜蜂 11.dewdrop n. 12.dawn n. 13.clover n. 14.butterfly n. 15.lawn n. 16.cinquain n. 17.haiku n. 18.tease vi.水珠 黎明;开端;萌芽 三叶草 蝴蝶 草坪,草地 五行诗
12、俳句 取笑(某人);揶揄;逗弄 音节 花朵;花簇 等候;期待;将发生在 旋转;环绕;转动 出声;说;讲 完全的;十足的;彻底的 24. n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事 vi.感到悲伤 25. n.押韵词;押韵的短诗 vi.韵律;规律 26. n.钻石;金刚石;菱形 27. vt.背诵;吟诵;列举 28. n.业余爱好者 adj.业余的;业余爱好的 29. n.情绪;心情;语气 30. n.格式;总体安排;(出版物的)版式 vt.格式化 31. adj.分别的;各自的 adv.分别;各自;依次为 32. adj精美的;精致的;脆弱的 33. n.理解力;领悟力;理解练习 sorrow rhyme rhy
13、thm diamond recite amateur mood format respective respectively delicate comprehension 重点短语 1. 由组成(构成) 2. 与相比 3. 切题的;中肯的 4. 有意义 5.consist of 6.be popular with 7.on the right 8.in particular 9.transform into be made up of compared with to the point make sense 由组成(构成) 受的欢迎 在右边 尤其;特别 变成 重点句式 1.There are
14、 various reasons why people compose poetry. 2.English speakers also enjoy poems from China,those from the Tang Dynasty in particular. .阅读导学 A.阅读P50-P51课文内容,匹配段落大意。 1.Para.1 2.Para.2 3.Para.3 4.Para.4 5.Para.5 6.Para.6 7.Para.7 A.Tang poems have many different forms. B.There are many reasons for peop
15、le to write poems. C.List poems give both a pattern and a rhyme to the poem. D.Nursery rhymes have a lot of repetition and are easy to recite. E.Cinquain is made up of five lines and conveys a strong picture. F.Haiku is made up of 17 syllables and creates a special feeling. G.Try to write poems of y
16、our own. 答案 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.E 5.F 6.A 7.G B.根据P50-P51课文内容,选择正确答案。 1.Why do poets use different forms of poetry? A.They want to express themselves. B.They want to attract more people. C.They want to describe things in more detail. D.They want people to learn from them. 2.Which of the following about nu
17、rsery poems is true? A.Most of these poems make sense. B.These poems have weak rhythm. C.They repeat certain words a lot. D.They must be repeated by children. 答案 A 答案 C 3.What is the cinquain according to the text? A.A kind of poem with both a pattern and a rhythm. B.A kind of poem which has five li
18、nes. C.A kind of poem kids in the nursery like to recite. D.A kind of poem with 17 syllables. 4.What do we know about haiku? A.It is a traditional form of English poetry. B.It is made up of five lines. C.It gives a vague picture of things. D.It is not difficult to write. 答案 B 答案 D 5.What does the la
19、st part of the text tell students to do? A.Read more poems. B.Enjoy English poems. C.Write their own poems. D.Translate poems into other languages. 答案 C 重点词汇 1.Compared with other forms of literature such as the novel,drama,and the short story,what are the characteristics of poetry? 与小说、戏剧、短篇小说等其他文学
20、形式相比,诗歌的特点是什么? 【词汇精讲】 compared with和相比 I was at a disadvantage compared with the younger members of the team. 和队伍中的年轻队员相比,我处于不利地位。 Compared with her achievements,her shortcomings are,after all,only secondary. 她的缺点同她的成绩相比,毕竟是第二位的。 【温馨提示】(1)compare with与相比;匹敌,着重人与人或事物 与事物之间的相同或差异。 (2)compare to 除表示“与相
21、比外”,还可表示“比喻为;比作”,指 两个不同事物之间的对比。 No one can compare with Shakespeare as a writer of tragedies. 作为悲剧作家,没有人能同莎士比亚相比。 Young people are compared to the sun at eight or nine in the morning. 年轻人被比作早晨八九点钟的太阳。 2.Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow. 其他的试图传达某些感情,如喜悦和悲伤。 【词汇精讲】 sorrow n
22、.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事 vi.感到悲伤 Words cannot express my sorrow at the moment. 言语无法表达我当时的哀伤。 As he looked at Katherine,great sorrow clouded his eyes.他看着凯瑟 琳,满眼忧伤。 Her friend was sorrowing over the loss of a child. 她的朋友为失去一个孩子而悲伤。 【词汇拓展】 feel sorrow at/over 对感到悲伤 feel sorrow for 为感到悲伤 in deep/great sorrow 非常悲伤 The
23、 whole nation was in deep sorrow at the death of this great man. 这位伟人的去世使整个民族都沉浸在悲痛之中。 3.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory,but they are easy to learn and recite. 这些诗可能没有意义,甚至看起来自相矛盾,但它们很容易学习和 背诵。 【词汇精讲1】make sense有道理;讲得通 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the o
24、ther planets in the sky make sense. 只有当你把太阳放在那个位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得 通。 It just doesnt make sensewhy would she do a thing like that? 这真是无法解释她为什么会那样做? 【词汇拓展1】 make sense of 理解;明白 make no sense 没道理;没意义 in a sense 在某一方面;就某种意义来说 in no sense 决不(位于句首时用部分倒装) there is no/little sense in doing sth 做某事没道理 Planni
25、ng so far ahead makes no senseso many things will have changed by next year. 提前这么久计划没有意义到明年许多事情都会发生变化。 I cant make sense of this poem,but perhaps I will if I read it again. 我弄不懂这首诗,但我再读一遍或许就能读懂了。 【词汇精讲2】recite vt.背诵;吟诵;列举 Each child had to recite a poem to the class. 每个孩子都得向班上同学背诵一首诗。 She could reci
26、te a list of all the kings and queens. 她能一一说出所有国王和王后的名字。 My English lesson is boring;the teacher always asks us to recite words. 我的英语课很无聊,老师总叫我们背单词。 【词汇拓展2】 recite sthto sb 背诵/朗诵给某人听 recitation.背诵;吟诵 His ability in recitation is better than any other in our class. 他的背诵能力比我们班的任何人都强。 4.Another simple
27、form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain,which is made up of five lines. 业余爱好者很容易写的另一种简单的诗歌形式是五行诗,它由五行 组成。 【词汇精讲】 be made up of由组成(构成) The text mainly tells us what a website is made up of. 这篇文章主要告诉我们网页是由什么构成的。 It is said that the students final score will be made up of 5 parts. 据
28、说学生的最终得分由五部分组成。 【词汇拓展】 be made of 由制成的,指在制成品中看得出原 材料 be made from 由制成的,指在制成品中看不出 原材料 be made into 被制成 Concrete is made of cement,sand,and gravel mixed with water. 混凝土是由水泥、沙子、碎石和水混合而成的。 These wines are all made from grapes. 这几种酒都是用葡萄酿造的。 Waste products from factories can be made into road-building ma
29、terials. 工厂丢弃的废品可以加工成筑路的材料。 5.With these,you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words. 这样,你就可以用几句话来传达一幅强烈的画面或某种情绪。 【词汇精讲】mood n.情绪;心情;语气 Shes in a good mood today.她今天心情很好。 I wonder why hes in such a mood today. 我不知道他为什么今天心情这么差。 I find it difficult to learn subjunctive mood.
30、我发现学习虚拟语气很难。 【词汇拓展】 in a good mood ( = happy) 心情好 in a bad mood ( = sad)心情不好 in a confident/optimistic mood 以自信/乐观的心情 in a holiday/party/festive mood 在假日/聚会/节日 的气氛中 The city is in a festive/holiday mood. 全城处在一片节日气氛中。 Michael was in a joyful and optimistic mood. 迈克尔心情愉快乐观。 6.It has a format of three
31、lines,containing 5,7,and 5 syllables respectively. 它的格式是三行,分别包含5个、7个和5个音节。 【词汇精讲1】 format n.格式;总体安排;(出版物的)版式 vt.格式 化 The format of the new quiz show has proved popular. 新的智力竞赛节目的总体安排结果证明很受欢迎。 Theyve brought out the magazine in a new format. 他们用新的版式出版这本杂志。 The other major innovation is the use of for
32、matted printing.另一项主 要创新是使用了格式化打印。 【词汇精讲2】respectively adv.分别;各自;依次为 Their sons,Ben and Jonathan,were three and six respectively. 他们的儿子,本和乔纳森,分别是3岁和6岁。 Tom and John finished first and second respectively in the 100-metre- race. 汤姆和约翰在100米跑中分获第一、二名。 【词汇拓展】 respective adj.分别的;各自的 They are each recogni
33、zed as specialists in their respective fields. 他们在各自的领域都被视为专家。 重点句式 1.There are various reasons why people compose poetry. 人们创作诗歌有各种原因。 【句式剖析】该句中why引导的是定语从句,修饰reason,why是关 系副词,在从句中作原因状语。 We dont know the reason why he didnt show up. 我们不知道他为什么没有来。 She didnt tell me the reason why she refused the offe
34、r. 她没跟我讲她拒绝这项工作的原因。 【句式拓展】 (1)关系副词why在从句中作原因状语时可改为for which。 Thats one of the reasons why/for which I asked you to come. 这就是我请你来的原因之一。 The reason for which/why I came here is that I want to get your help. 我来这里的理由是我想得到你的帮助。 (2)why只能引导限制性定语从句,不能引导非限制性定语从句。 他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。 误:The main reason,why he lost
35、 his job,was that he drank. 正:The main reason why he lost his job was that he drank. (3)先行词the reason在从句中作主语或宾语时要用which/that引导 从句。 Is this the reason that/which he explained for his absence? 这就是他解释的缺席的原因吗? 2.English speakers also enjoy poems from China,those from the Tang Dynasty in particular. 讲英语的
36、人也喜欢中国诗歌,特别是唐诗。 【句式剖析】本句是一个简单句,句子的主干部分是“主语+谓语+ 宾语+状语”结构,those.用来指代前面的poems。 We kept seats for those who might arrive late. 我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones替代the persons) Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light. 红色光线的波长约为蓝色光线波长的两倍。(those替代the waves) 【易混辨析】one,ones,the one,the o
37、nes,that,those的区别 替代词 替代成分 例句 one a/an+单数可 数名词 I dont have a pen and I want to buy one(=a pen). 我没有钢笔,我想买一支。 ones 零冠词+复 数名词 He gave me many presents,ones(=presents) that I have never seen. 他给了我许多礼物,这些礼物我从未见过。 the one the+单数名 词 The book is not the one(=the book) Im looking for. 这本书不是我找的那本。 the ones t
38、he+复数名 词 The books here are cheaper than the ones/those(the books) in that store. 这里的书比那家店里的书便宜。 替代词 替代成分 例句 that the+单数名 词或不可数 名词(尤其是 有后置定语 时) When reading a book,little joy can equal that (=the joy) of a surprising ending. 读书时,没有什么能比得上一个出乎意料 的结局。 those the+复数名 词(尤其是有 后置定语时) The pages of this book
39、are fewer than those (the pages) of that book. 这本书的页数比那本书的页数少。 .课文语法填空 The reasons why people write poems are different and poets use many different forms 1 (express) themselves.Some of the first poems a child learns in English are nursery rhymes, 2 language has a strong rhythm and a lot of 3 (repea
40、t),which makes small children 4 (delight). One of the 5 (simple) kinds of poem is the“list poem”,which has a 6 (flexibility) line length and repeated 7 (phrase) which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.Another simple form of poem is the cinquain,which 8 (make) up of five lines.This kind of
41、 poem can convey a strong picture in just a few words.The Japanese haiku is made up of 17 syllables and is very popular 9 English writers because it is easy to write. English speakers like Tang poems from China 10 particular and a lot of them have been translated into English. 答案 1.to express 2.whos
42、e 3.repetition 4.delighted 5.simplest 6.flexible 7.phrases 8.is made 9.with 10.in .概要写作 根据课本P50-P51内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 参考范文 There are many different styles of poetry around the world.(要点 1)Nursery rhymes are easy for children to recite because of their repetition.(要点2)List poems give both a pattern and a rhyme to the poem.(要点3)Cinquain consists of five lines while the Japanese haiku consists of 17 syllables.(要点4)Tang pomes from China is popular with English speakers and they have many different forms.(要点5)
