1、主谓一致和独立主格 主谓一致主谓一致 .单句语法填空 1 (2020 全国卷)A housewarming party _ (be) a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. 答案：is 主语 A housewarming party 是单数，谓语动词和主语保持一 致，故用 is。 2Not until the early 19th century _ (be) nail paints changed into the nail polish that we see
2、today. 答案：were 根据本句的时间状语“Not until the early 19th century”可 知，此处应用一般过去时；此处为倒装句式，主语为 nail paints，为复数意 义，所以使用复数形式 were。 答案 3(2019 天津高考)Amy, as well as her brothers, _ (be) given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. 答案：was as well as 连接并列主语，谓语动词和前面的主语保持一 致。这句话真正的主语是 Amy，谓语动词用单数，故填 wa
3、s。 4(2019 全国卷)A new report found 46 percent of meals _ (be) eaten alone in America. 答案：are 设空前的主语中有百分数的结构，谓语与百分数后面的名 词形式保持一致。meals 是复数，故填 are。 答案 5 (2020湖 北 省 武 汉 市 高 中 毕 业 生 六 月 供 题 ( 一 )To study somethingnot because were looking to gain anything in particular, but purely to enjoy natural wonders _
4、 (be) all that makes us human. 答案：is 设空处的主语为 to study something，当不定式作主语时，谓 语动词用单数；结合全文时态可知，此处要用一般现在时。故填 is。 6(2020 山东省威海市高三二模)Previous work has shown that children are more actively engaged and more knowledgeable than adults _ (be) about climate change. 答案：are 根据本句中的“children are more” 可知，此处也应使用一般 现
5、在时，主语 adults 是名词复数。 答案 7(2020 江苏省清江中学高三下学期第二次模拟考试)Peppa Pig, a British cartoon characters face shaped like a hair dryer, _ (be) placed on the cup featuring blue, green and celadon colors. 答案：is 句意：小猪佩奇，一部英国动画的主人公，它脸的形状像一 个电吹风，被印在具有蓝色、绿色和青瓷颜色的杯子上。结合句意，Peppa Pig 是主语，且此处描述客观事实。故填 is。 答案 8(2020 福建省莆田 5
6、月质检)Much of the plastic _ (end) up in landfills (填埋场), rivers or oceans, often with destructive effects on wildlife. 答案：ends 句意：大部分塑料最终被填埋在垃圾填埋场、河流或海洋 中，通常会对野生动物造成破坏性影响。此处描述客观事实用一般现在时， 且主语为Much of the plastic， 故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 故填ends。 答案 9(2020 天津高考)A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of
7、the middle- aged in this city _ (be) in favour of the proposal on health care reform. 答案：were 句意：去年进行的一项调查显示，这个城市 80%的中年 人赞成医疗改革的建议。根据 last year 可知，用一般过去时，宾语从句的主 语是 80% of the middle- aged 表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数。故填 were。 答案 10(2020 甘肃省天水一中第二学期模拟考试)Not only _ (have) Lilys regular reading sessions with Amy he
8、lped to reconnect her with her passion for literature, they have also built a song inter- generational friendship between the two ladies. 答案：have 根据设空后的主语 Lilys regular reading sessions 可知，谓 语动词应用复数形式，根据本句中“they have also built”可知，此处也用现在 完成时。故填 have。 答案 11 (2020 浙江省 4 月份温州市普通高中高考适应性测试)Naps improve y
9、our performance, which is why you feel refreshed after taking one. The length of your nap _ (determine) the benefits. 答案：determines 由前面句子可知，此处使用一般现在时，且句子的 主语是 length，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填 determines。 12Every developing country and every developed country _ (have) the responsibility to fight against the glob
10、al warming. 答案：has “every名词单数andevery名词单数”表示“每一 个”，谓语动词用单数。此处填 has。 答案 13(2020 浙江省温州市高考前最后一次模拟考)A researcher warned, “There _ (be) no shortcut to solve this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures o reduce air pollution.” 答案：is 结合语境，此处讲述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语 shortcut 是单数，故填 is。 14(2020 哈尔
11、滨市第一中学高三学年六月第一次模拟)“The secret of success，” the teacher said, “ _ (be) to never give up whatever difficulty you may meet with in the future.” 答案：is 主语 The secret of success 是单数，主谓一致，谓语也用单数 形式。故填 is。 答案 15As far as I know, his family is not very large but the family _ (be) all popular music lovers. 答案
12、：are 当集体名词，如 family, class, group, team, club, company, government, population 等作主语时， 谓语动词的形式根据其在语境中表示的 意义而定。当其表示集体中各个组成部分，强调个体概念时，谓语动词用 复数。 答案 16(2020 江西省重点中学协作体高三年级第二次联考)The air temperature _ (decrease) with altitude so an aerial photographer often wears insulated clothing while being exposed to t
13、he wind produced by the moving aircraft. 答案：decreases 此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语为 the air temperature，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填 decreases。 答案 17(2020 南开中学高三年级第五次月检测)Regular exercise, along with proper diets, _ (benefit) our health in the long term. 答案：benefits 句意：规律运动配合适当的饮食，从长远来看对我们 的健康有益。在主谓一致中，along with 采取就远原则，即
14、谓语动词的单复 数取决于 regular exercise，故谓语用第三人称单数，且主语与动词之间为主 动关系。故填 benefits。 答案 18(2020 广西南宁市第三中学高三 4 月模拟考试)Kiyoto is a famous farmer who has a blog where he regularly _ (post) his farming experiences and photos of himself all dressed up. 答案：posts 句意：Kiyoto 是一位出名的农民，他有一个博客，经常 在上面发布自己的耕种经历和自己精心打扮的照片。由“regula
15、rly”可知，应 该用动词的一般现在时，主语为 he，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 故填 posts。 答案 19Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only of the women who _ (wear) evening dress. 答案：wears 先行词是 the only (one) of the women，中心词是 the only (one)，所以定语从句谓语动词用单数；这里指的是她现在的穿着情况，用 一般现在时。故填 wears。 20(2020 湖南省怀化市中小学课程改革教育质量监测)In the US, however
16、 everybody _ (offer) 20% more as a tip. 答案：offers 句意：然而，在美国，每个人都会多给 20%的小费。此 处陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为 everybody，谓语动词用第三 人称单数形式，故填 offers。 答案 .选词填空 1(2020 江苏高考)I am, in part, an ant biologist, so my thoughts turned to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of insects _ (remain,
17、remains) unknown. 答案： remains in the world of insects， 介词短语作后置定语， 修饰much， 主语是 much，此处缺少谓语，故填 remains。 2(2019 全国卷)Being liked _ (creating, creates) opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage. 答案：creates Being liked 为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用单数，故 填 creat
18、es。 答案 3 Every possible means _ (has, have) been used to advise the child to go home, but he still remains in the street. 答案：has 此处 means 意为“方法”，被 every 修饰，表单数概念， 故用 has。 4(2019 全国卷)There _ (is, are) probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown s
19、port. 答案： is 此处为 there be 句型， be 动词的形式与最近的主语保持一致。 some demanding work schedule 是单数，故填 is。 答案 5(2020 广西自治区南宁市高中毕业班第一次适应性测试)Due to the greenhouse effect, glaciers are melting, and some living creatures in the Antarctic and the Arctic _ (are, is) on the edge of extinction. 答案：are 根据前面的“glaciers are mel
20、ting”可知，此处描述客观事实， 用一般现在时，some living creatures 是主语，所以谓语动词用复数。故填 are。 6Either you or the headmaster _ (is, are) to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting. 答案：is either . or 连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数采取就近原则， 故填 is。 答案 7Nobody but the award winners _ (are, is) allowed to step on the stage whil
21、e the ceremony is hold. 答案：is 带有 but 短语，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，本句的主 语是 nobody，故填 is。 8 The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _ (was, were) a visiting museum when the earthquake struck. 答案： was 主语是 the teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class 作为插 入语，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，故填 was。 答案 9(2020 广西自治区钦州市
22、高三质量检测试卷)Etiquette expert Jacqueline Whitmore _ (tend, tends) to put the decision into the gift- givers hands by saying “Shall I open it now？” 答案：tends 此处应用一般现在时，表示经常做的事情，主语为第三 人称单数形式，故填 tends。 10A survey of the opinions of experts _ (show, shows) that three hours of outdoor exercise a week is good
23、for ones health. 答案：shows 主语是 a survey，所以谓语动词使用单数形式，故填 shows。 答案 11More than twenty one passengers as well as the driver _ (have, has) been rescued from the river after the bus fell into it. 答案：have as well as 连接并列主语，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一 致，主语是 More than twenty one passengers，谓语动词也是复数形式，故填 have。 12(2020 十二区
24、县重点学校高三毕业班联考(一)Catherine, along with two other boys in our school, _ (was, were) invited to New York to pick up the prizes the other day. 答案：was 根据 the other day 可知，用一般过去时，又 along with 采 取就远原则，即谓语动词的单复数取决于 Catherine，是单数，与谓语动词 invite 是被动关系，故填 was。 答案 .单句写作 1 (2020 山东高考)The only one _ (在乎任 何错误的人) is t
25、he one who is speaking. 答案：who cares about any mistake 2(2019 全国卷)Bacteria _ (对宇航员来说是个恼人的问题) 答案：are an annoying problem for astronauts 答案 3 (2019全 国 卷 )Publishers already in business, people _ (成功报纸的所有者们), had little desire to change the tradition. 答案：who were owners of successful papers 4(2019 天津高考
26、)Reading _ (满足了我不断学习的愿望) 答案：satisfies my desire to keep learning 答案 5 (2019 江苏高考)Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species _ (每天都在消失) 答案：that are disappearing every day 6_ (将游客运送到这些地区会增加船舶和 飞机的运输量), adding to the risk of pollution, oil spills, and other environmental
27、damage. 答案： Transporting tourists to the regions increases ship and airplane traffic 答案 7(2020 天津市河西区英语高三二模)Delete the short message at once! Many a man _ (被这种把戏欺骗了) 答案：has been cheated by such tricks up to now 8_ (这位 著名的音乐家， 以及他的学生， 应邀表演) at the opening ceremony of the 2020 Beijing Flower Expo. 答案：
28、The famous musician, as well as his students, was invited to perform 答案 9(2020 贵州省黔东南州高考模拟考试卷)Today there are several clubs and societies _ (致 力于保护传统服装) 答案：that are devoted to the preservation of traditional clothes 10(2020 广东省普通高等学校招生全国统一考试)Available in the UK from September 2017, Real Shanghai Mat
29、hematics _ (由教师指南、教科书和学生练习册组成) for each Year(16), and shows the essence of a high quality maths textbook. 答案：consists of a Teacher Guide, Textbook and Pupil Practice Book 答案 11(2020 黑龙江大庆市二模)However, my mom was unwilling to keep them, saying _(有足够的 宠物给我们，两只猫和一只狗) 答案：there were enough pets for us, tw
30、o cats and a dog 12(2020 深圳市普通高中高三年级第二次线上统一测试)With sour haws and sweet sugar, the taste of tanghulu is a combination of flavors, _ (这使人们常常想起快乐的童年) 答案：which often reminds people of their happy childhoods 答案 13The bikes themselves are not new, _ (但自行车共享的运营模式却是基于) satellite navigation system, mobile pa
31、yment, big data and other high technologies. 答案：but the operating model of bike- sharing is based on 14_ (老师批评的是他， 不是你). In fact, not he but you have been disturbing the other students. 答案：He, not you, was criticized by the teacher 答案 15The company had about 20 notebook computers _ (但只有三分之一的人经常使用).
32、Now we have 60 working all day long. 答案：but only one- third were used regularly 答案 独立主格独立主格 .单句语法填空 1(2020 江苏高考改编)One perfect Amazonian evening, monkeys _ (call) from beyond the village green, we played soccer. 答案：calling 此处是名词现在分词构成的独立主格结构，call 与设 空前的 monkeys 构成主谓关系，故填 calling。 2The students were a
33、ll listening attentively to the lecture, all their attention _ (fix) upon it. 答案：fixed 此处是名词过去分词构成的独立主格，fix 与 attention 构成动宾关系。故填 fixed。 答案 3The smartphone _ (judge) to be the best ever, users all over the world claim they love it. 答案：judged 名词 the smartphone 与设空处构成动宾关系，故填 judged。 4(2020 江苏省淮安市高三 5
34、月调研)I looked around at the large and beautiful homes, my mind _ (race) with a question: Wouldnt I feel better about myself if I lived here? 答案：racing 句意：我环顾四周，看了看这又大又美丽的房子，不停 地追问自己这样一个问题如果我住在这儿，自己会感觉更好一些吗？ 结合句意， mind 与设空处构成主动关系，故用 v.- ing 形式。故填 racing。 答案 5(2020 江苏省南京市南京师大附中第二学期检测)Flocks of customer
35、s joined Alibaba Singles Day, Hong Kong, the US and Russia _ (claim) the top three outside. 答案：claiming Hong Kong, the US and Russia 是 claim 的动作执行者， 应用现在分词短语与修饰词构成独立主格结构。故填 claiming。 6The guide _ (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest and returned to our camp safely. 答案：leading
36、此处是“名词现在分词”的独立主格结构，guide 是 lead 的逻辑主语，故填 leading。 答案 7(2020 江苏省南通市高三 5 月阶段性练习)Scenic spots _ (explore) new projects, ticket sales will no longer be the only source of revenue. 答案：exploring 句意：随着景点探索新项目，门票销售将不再是唯一 的收入来源。explore 与 scenic spots 构成主谓关系，故填 exploring。 8He wrapped her up with great care, t
37、he night _ (be) dark and frosty. 答案：being 句意：夜又黑又冷，所以他把她裹得严严实实的。此处 是“名词being”构成的独立主格结构。 答案 9There _ (be) no taxi at that deep night, they had to walk home after the party. 答案：being 此处是“there being名词”构成的独立主格结构，表示 原因。 10It _ (be) Christmas, the government offices were closed. 答案： being 句意： 由于圣诞节的缘故， 政
38、府机关都休息。 此处为“代 词 itbeing”构成的独立主格结构。 答案 11He came out of the library, a large book _ his arm. 答案：under 句意：他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆。此处是“名词 介词短语”构成的独立主格结构。 12I wont be able to go on holiday with my mother _ (be) ill. 答案：being 句意：因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。此处是 with名 词doing 的结构，表示原因。 答案 13We _ (walk) through the garden, the flow
39、ers are beautiful. 答案：walking 此处是“代词 wedoing”构成的独立主格结构，we 是 walk 的动作执行者，故填 walking。 14Not far from the school there was a garden, _ (it) owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon. 答案：its 句意：学校不远处有一个花园，它的主人每天下午坐在里 面和小孙子下棋。此处是“代词done”构成的独立主格结构。 故填物主 代词 its。 答案 15Weather
40、 _ (permit), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 答案：permitting 句意：如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次 海滨小游。此处为“名词doing”构成的独立主格结构。 16There I met several people, two of _ being foreigners. 答案：them 句意：在那里我遇到了很多人，他们之中有两个是外国 人。此处是“代词being”构成的独立主格结构，结合句意，故填 them。 答案 17The country has sent up three manned spa
41、cecraft, the most recent _ (launch) at the end of last March. 答案：having been launched the most recent 后面省略了 manned spacecraft，即此处为“名词having been done”构成的独立主格结构。 18A total of 19 Golden Rooster Awards _ (present), that film directed by the famous director took home the award for the Best Picture. 答案：p
42、resented 此处是“名词短语presented”构成的独立主格结 构。 答案 19His food _ (run) out, the man had to come out of his hiding place. 答案：running 此处是“名词running”构成的独立主格结构，表示 原因，作状语。 20With some infrastructure in Hong Kong _ (damage) due to the riot (骚乱) of some people in the past few months, it has caused inconvenience for
43、average people. 答案：damaged infrastructure 与 damaged 之间为动宾关系，此处是 “with名词短语done”构成的独立主格结构，故填 damaged。 答案 .选词填空 1 It _ (is, being) Sunday, the children neednt go to school, so their parents have more time to make the room tidy. 答案：being 此处是“代词 itbeing”构成的独立主格结构，故填 being。 2More forests _ (are destroyed,
44、 being destroyed), huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. 答案： being destroyed 此处是“名词being done”构成的独立主格结 构，故填 being destroyed。 答案 3In the middle of February, the weather _ (was, being) favorable for work, the workers began to repair and secure the dam of the river. 答案： being 此
45、处是“名词being”构成的独立主格结构， 表示原因， 故填 being。 4The condition _ (is, being) favourable, he may succeed. 答案：being 句意：若条件有利，他或许能成功。此处是“名词 being”构成的独立主格结构，使用 being。 答案 5 Her work _ (has been done, done), she sat down for a cup of tea. 答案：done 句意：她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。此处是“名词短语 done”构成的独立主格，故填 done。 6He wrote a lot of nove
46、ls, many of _ (them, which) translated into foreign languages. 答案：them 此处是“名词短语done”构成的独立主格，且句中的 translated 是过去分词(非谓语动词)，若选 which，则该从句无谓语。故填 them。 答案 7The problems _ (solved, are solved), the quality has been improved. 答案：solved 句意：随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。此处是“名 词done”构成的独立主格结构，是指问题被解决，故填 solved。 8The kid feels excited with so many places of interest _ (to visit, visiting) 答案：to visit 句意：有这么多的名胜可参观，小孩很激动。表示将来 的动作，使用不定式。 答案 9Much to their delight, their new project _ (having been approved, have been proved) at the conference, the excited scholars decided to have a barbecue to celebrate the fa
