1、Using language P41 Unit 4 Stage and screen Revision Underline the sentences below in the reading passage. a Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times, I was full of confidence - until the Peking Opera came to town! b .seeing the main characters come on stage, I was s
2、urprised! Presentation 1 In sentence (a), Who had seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times? In sentence (b), who saw the main characters come on stage? I. I. 2 Is this structure used more often in spoken or written English? Its used more often in written English. a Having
3、seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times, I was full of confidence - until the Peking Opera came to town! b .seeing the main characters come on stage, I was surprised! 1 What is the difference between the two groups of sentences? The first group uses present participles as
4、 adverbial while the second group uses adverbial clauses. 2 Why does the author choose to use sentences (a) and (b) in the reading passage? The sentences from the reading passage are more concise and formal. c Since I had seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times, I was ful
5、l of confidence - until the Peking Opera came to town! d .when I saw the main characters come on stage, I was surprised! Practice Can you look for more sentences with this structure in the reading passage? Dating back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history. Starting
6、with an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments, the opera brought a completely new sound to my Western ears. Practice Can you look for more sentences with this structure in the reading passage? Using such techniques, the opera had transformed a small stage into the whole universe. Before
7、experiencing The Revenge of Prince Zidan, I wasnt sure if I would enjoy it. Practice Can you look for more sentences with this structure in the reading passage? Feeling the strong emotions of love, anger, fear and grief in the performance, I could easily recognise the theme of Hamlet. Summar y 现在分词作
8、状语现在分词作状语 现在分词现在分词作状语作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进 行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以 修饰或作为陪衬，它可表示时间、原因、条件、 让步、方式、伴随、程度和结果，相当于相对应 的状语从句。 现在分词作状语时, 分词的逻辑主语必须是句子 的主语, 分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主 谓关系, 否则不能用现在分词作状语； 其否定形式是“not doing”； V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短语, 没 有人称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态的变化。 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 一般式 V-ing being V-ed 完成式 having V-ed
9、having been V-ed e.g. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 听见铃声, 学生们开始走进教室。(听见和进入 两个动作同时发生) The building being built now is our new library. 现在正在建造的这栋楼房室我们的新图书馆。 (being built为现在分词的被动形式, 表示动作正在进行 之中) 现在分词用作状语时，可以表示谓语动作发生的时 间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、程度和结果 。例如： 【现在分词作状语的使用规则】 1）作时间状语 See
10、ing the police, he made a run for the exit. 一看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。 2）作原因状语 Being well taken care of, she recovered soon. 由于受到了很好的照顾，她身体恢复得很快。 3）作条件状语 It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. 把路上的交通延误算进去，你要用半个小时才能 到车站。 4）作让步状语 Granting this to be true, we cannot expla
11、in it. 虽然我们承认这是事实，却无法予以说明。 5）作方式状语 You gave me such a fright creeping up on me like that! 你那样不声不响地从后面过来，吓了我一跳。 6）作伴随状语 The little boy went upstairs, trailing his Teddy Bear behind him. 那个男孩走上楼去，身后拖着他的玩具熊。 7）作程度状语 He was caught in the heavy rain and got his clothes soaking wet. 他淋了一场大雨，把衣服全部弄湿了。 8）作结
12、果状语 The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上磕破了。 【现在分词的完成式作状语的使用规则】 现在分词的完成式现在分词的完成式指分词所表示的动作发生在句 中谓语动词所表示的动作之前。若分词所表示的 动作与主语之间是主谓关系，则用having done; 若是动宾关系，则用having been done。例如： 1）在乡下工作了三年后，他学会了如何种蔬菜。 Having worked in the country for three years, he knew how to
13、 grow vegetables. 2) 被提供了这样一个好机会，他怎么能让它浪费掉 呢？ Having been given such a good chance, how could he let it pass away? 1）动词ing形式的一般式表示动作与谓语动词 同时发生几乎同时发生或在谓语动词前发生。 如： Working hard, you will succeed in the experiment. 2）动词ing形式的完成式表示动作先于谓语动 词发生。如： Having lived there for dozens of years, he knows the city
14、well. 【doing和having done的区别】 动词ing形式的被动式表示动作对于逻辑主 语而言在意义上是被动的。如： Id like to have a look at the animal being operated on. 在表示一个被动动作时，如果这个动作在进 行，或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生，我们可 以用现在分词的被动形式。如： The bridge being built now will be completed in the three months. 在表示一个被动动作时，如果这个动作发生 于谓语之前，我们可以用having been done 形式。也可以被过去
15、分词代替。如： Having been shown the lab, the visitor looked around the stadium. =Shown the lab, the visitor looked around the stadium. 【being done和 having been done的区别】 分词（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句 子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格 结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑 主语。如： My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining why she didnt want th
16、e children to play together。 我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间，解释她为什么不想让孩 子们在一起玩。 （现在分词explaining是句子主语my wife做的动作，它 们之间是主动关系，即explaining的逻辑主语，就是句 子的主语my wife。） The train having gone,we had to wait another day. （the train逻辑主语 + having gone 既为独立主格结构 ） 【现在分词作状语要注意的问题】 分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词 ，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词 （如but，and），因为并
17、列连词接的是两个并 列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分 。分词和主句之间可用逗号。如: 误：Having been told many times, but he still couldnt understand it。 正：He was told many times, but he still couldnt understand it。 或Having been told many times, he still couldnt understand it。 -ing的一般式和完成式现在分词都可以表示先后 接连发生的动作。在可能引起误解的场合应该 用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。
18、例如： Opening the drawer, he took out his wallet. =He opened the drawer and took out his wallet. 他打开抽屉，拿出钱包。 Having brushed his teeth, Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast. 布朗先生刷过牙，就下楼来吃早饭。（此句如 Brushing his teeth, Mr. Brown came downstairs for breakfast.可能指“边刷牙，边下楼”。） 分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上 not, never等否
19、定词构成。例如: Not fearing the fire, the child touched and got a finger burnt. 小孩儿不知道怕火，用手去摸，把手指烫了。 为强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生，在-ing形 式短语前可用连词when, while等；为强调在谓 语动词的动作之前或之后发生,在-ing形式短语 前可用连词before或after。如： Be careful when crossing the road. Before going abroad, he lived here. 在-ing形式短语前可用介词on,表示“一就 ”。如： On arriving
20、in Beijing, he went to see his uncle. = As soon as he arrived in Beijing, he went to see his uncle. 为了强调结果，可在-ing形式前加副词thus， 如： The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay. = The bus was held up by the snowstorm, and as a result it caused the delay. 在-ing 形式短语前可用though/although表示让 步
21、，如： Though working very hard, he couldnt make enough money to pay off his debt. = Though he worked very hard, he couldnt make enough money to pay off his debt. Complete the journal entry with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Fridy 15 May - Today I performed in the school play. I did a good
22、 job! 1_(see) all my family and friends in the audience applaud me, I 2_(feel) so confident and grateful. At first, I hadnt realised how much work it would be. The teacher was very strict, 3_(make) me so nervous that I would forget my lines. I often stayed up late at night 4_(practise) my part. 5_(f
23、eel) extremely discouraged, I almost gave up. But thanks to the support of my teacher, parents and friends, I overcame my fears, 6_(know) that I did the best I could. Its an unforgettable experience. No pain, no gain, as the saying goes. Prodution Seeing felt making to practise Feeling knowing Video
24、: BBC Report The Peony Pavilion Have you ever seen a ballet? How do you think of it? I went to watch the ballet The Peony Pavilion last night. Because I thought ballet was more or less the same everywhere, I was totally unprepared for its unique beauty. As soon as the curtain rose, I was absorbed. T
25、he performance borrowed a lot from Chinese dance and music, so the Eastern influence on the ballet was clear. The production was full of colours and romantic symbols, and challenged my senses in new ways. I enjoyed it so much that its changed my opinion about ballet. I cant wait to go again! Rewrite
26、 the paragraph using the -ing form. Answers: I went to watch the ballet The Peony Pavilion last night. Having thought ballet was more or less the same everywhere, I was totally unprepared for its unique beauty. As soon as the curtain rose, I was absorbed. Borrowing a lot from Chinese dance and music, the Eastern influence on the ballet was clear. The production was full of colours and romantic symbols, challenging my senses in new ways. Enjoying it so much, I have changed my opinion about ballet. I cant wait to go again! Thank you!
