1、Unit 2 Making a difference 突破突破语法大冲关语法大冲关 过去分词作定语 观察例句 1In 1988 Wintons wife found a forgotten journal at home. 2She always wears faded blue jeans. 3He is fond of the food cooked by his mother. 4This is the house built last year. 归纳用法 一、过去分词(短语)作定语的两种位置 1前置 单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前(如例 1 2)。 2后置 过去分词短
2、语作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之后(如例 3 4)。 二、过去分词作定语的意义 1及物动词的过去分词通常既表示被动又表示完成。如例 1 中 的 a forgotten journala journal that had been forgotten。 2不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成。如例 2 中的 faded blue jeansblue jeans that have faded。 3 某些带有持续意义的及物动词， 如 honour， love， respect， speak 等，其过去分词往往只有被动意义。 What is the language spoken(that is spo
3、ken) in Australia? 名师点津 不少位于名词前酷似过去分词的词， 实则是形容词。 这类词有两 个特点： 1词汇意义无改变 a retired teacher 一位退休教师 a fallen tree 一棵倒下的树 2词汇意义有改变 a used car 二手轿车 a given time 规定的时间 三、不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语时的区别 不定式作定语通常放在所修饰词之后， 表示将来的动作。 不定式 与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系， 若该不定式是不及物动词， 其 后应有必要的介词。 作定语的及物动词的分词形式有：现在分词、“being过去分 词”、过去分词。当被修饰的名
4、词与分词之间为主动关系时，用现在 分词； 当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示正在进行时， 用 “being过去分词”；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表 完成时，用过去分词。 Suddenly a good idea occurred to her，but she couldnt find any paper to write it on. 突然她想到了一个好主意， 但是她找不到纸写下来。 There are many serious health problems associated with smoking. 有很多严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。 Last night，there
5、were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV. 昨天晚上， 有几百万人观看了开幕式的电视直播。 We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. 我们必须对在此讨论的问题保密。 即时训练 完成句子 他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。 He rushed into _ 这个男孩总是第一个来到教室。 The boy is always the first _ 它们都是 10 年前栽种的树。 They are trees _ the burning house
6、 to come to the classroom planted ten years ago 昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的客人是谁呀？ Who were the guests _ last night? 他每天早上起床后喝一杯开水。 He has a glass of _ after he gets up every morning. invited to your party boiled water .单句语法填空 1The first textbook _(write) for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 1
7、6th century. 2What is the language _ (speak) in such a distant mountain village? 3Thousands of products _ (make) from coal are now in daily use. written spoken made 4They had beef and _(smoke) fish for supper. 5The leaves _ (bury) in the earth every year make the soil richer and richer. 6The trees _
8、 (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road. 7 His nephew，_ (lose) at sea when he was fifteen， had been his only relative. smoked buried blown lost 8Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the _ (wound) soldiers. 9The meeting _ (hold) yesterday aimed to deal with the problems l
9、inked to teenagers mental health. 10 He left the _(break) dishes lying on the floor and went out to play. wounded held broken .短文语法填空 It is said that a course 1._(offer) at a university in East China will give the mark 2._(link) to the weight loss in order to limit student obesity(肥胖) offered linked
10、 The course 3._ (aim) to encourage students to control their diets is from Zhou Quanfu，a teacher at Nanjing Agricultural University and it also has the purpose of increasing 4._(they) exercise.Zhou said 60 percent of a students grade will 5._ (determine) by their weight loss.If they manage to reduce
11、 7 percent of their 6._ (origin)weight，they can pass the course.One student，7._ aimed their be determined original who declined to give her real name said that the students ran on treadmill (跑 步机) in the schools fitness room and walked 10 kilometres every Monday 8._Friday evening.Every Wednesday afternoon，they will have a mountainclimbing trip 9. _ (lead) by the teacher.The students use mobile apps to record daily food intake.Before eating they send photos 10._ their food via the app for suggestions from nutritionists. and led of
