2021新版北师大版必修第二册英语Unit6 Topic talk&Lesson1 教案.zip

1 Unit6 Topic talk 解决(问题) cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的某种疾病；改正某人的某种不良行为 Parents should try to cure their children of the bad habits. 父母应尽力去改掉孩子们的坏习惯。 (2)n. C药物，疗法；治疗；药物，疗法；治疗；(解决冋题、改善糟糕情况等的解决冋题、改善糟糕情况等的) 措施，对策。措施，对策。 a cure for. 的治愈方法；解决的措施 The government is trying to find a good cure for unemployment. 政府正试图找到解决失业问题的好措施。 (3)辨析比较：辨析比较：cure/treat 易混词易混词区别区别一言辨异一言辨异 cure 强调结果，意为“治愈，治好”。 常见搭配：cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的某种疾病 treat 强调治疗的过程或治疗的动作，不涉及治疗结果。 常见搭配: treat sb. for sth. 治疗某人的某种疾病。 The doctor treated Mike for his headache with a new drug but didnt cure him of it. 医生用一种新药给迈克治疗头痛，但没治好。 【练习】 1.语法填空 Thanks to the help of the expert, he was cure of the terrible disease successfully. (2020江苏南通调研) Having studied about 600 clinical cases(临床病例), the scientist found a cure for the disease. 2.选词填空：cure/ treat （填出单词正确形式） -Has the doctor cured the old woman of her illness? 3 -No, he treated her but didnt cure her. We had better pay attention to some health problems that, when not treated in time, can become bigger ones later on. 3.fight for 为为而斗争，努力争取而斗争，努力争取 【用法归纳拓展用法归纳拓展】fight 构成的其他短语： 【练习】用 fight 的相关短语完成句子 科学家希望在治疗心脏病方面能很快有所突破。 Scientists hope to break through soon in their fighting against heart disease 他们总是因为谁该洗碗而争吵。 They are always fighting about/over who should do the dishes. 让更多人意识到环保的重要性是我们仍在奋斗的目标。 To make more people aware of the importance of environmental protection is what were still fighting for . 4. make a difference 有影响，有作用，有关系有影响，有作用，有关系 【用法归纳拓展用法归纳拓展】 (1) make a difference to sh./sth. 对某人/某物有影响/有关系 It makes a difference(to sb.)+wh-从句. (对某人)有影响/有关系。 One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘，谬以千里。 Taking exercise regularly will make a great difference to your health. 定期锻炼会对你的健康产生很大的影响。 It makes a great difference where you put the plantsthey only grow in this soil. 你把这些植物放在哪里会有很大影响它们只能在这种土壤里生长。 (2)difference 构成的其他短语：构成的其他短语： make some/ much difference(to sb./ sth.) (对某人/某物)有一些/很大影响 make little/ no difference (to sb./sth.)(对某人/某物)几乎没有/没有影响 tell the difference 区分/辨别不同 *特别提醒：特别提醒： (1)使用时要注意 make a difference 中的 a 换成 little/no/some/much 等的情况 (2)注意在不同搭配中 difference 前面使用冠词 a 和 the 的情况 【练习】结合 difference 的用法完成旬子 I am a doctor and I love my work because it makes a big/great difference (有很大影响)to the lives of others. (江苏高考阅读理解改编) Before birth, babies can tell the difference (辨别不同) between loud sounds and voices. 4 (2020天津滨海新区期末) It makes no difference to me (对我来说没有影响) whether he will go to the city or not. 5. apart from 【用法归纳拓展用法归纳拓展】 apart from 相当于 aside from，后接名词、代词或 v-ing 作宾语，apart from 有以下两种含义： (1)除了除了外外(都都) (相当于相当于 except for) Apart from Tom, the actors are ordinary. 除了汤姆外，其他演员都很一般。 I have finished the paper apart from the last question. 除了最后一道题，试卷上的题我都做完了 (2)除了除了外外(还还)，此外，加之，此外，加之(相当于相当于 in addition to, besides 或或 as well as) There were three people in the car, apart from the driver. 车里除了司机还有三个人。 Apart from the high cost, the dress doesnt suit me. 除了贵以外,这条裙子也并不适合我。 【练习】1.翻译句子 Apart from English, he had to study a second foreign language while in college. 除了英语外，大学期间他还要学一门第二外语。 Apart from my host, I didnt know a single person there. 除了主人外，那里的人我一个也不认识。 2.完成句子 (2020山西阳泉期末)当实验中出现新问题时，除了玛丽没有人能处理。 When a new problem arose in the experiment, no one could deal with it apart from Mary. 6. award 【用法归纳拓展用法归纳拓展】 (1)vt. 授予，给予奖励，判给授予，给予奖励，判给 award sb. sth.(for.) 或或 award sth. to sb. (for.) (因)授予/奖励某人某物；把某物判给某人 The judges awarded both finalists equal points. =The judges awarded equal points to both finalists. 栽判判定决赛双方得分相等。 (2)n. C奖，奖品，奖金奖，奖品，奖金 win/ get/receive an award (for sth.) (因某事)赢得/获得/得到奖项 give sb. an award 给某人颁奖 an award presentation/ ceremony 颁奖；颁奖仪式 He won the award for his excellent performance. 他由于出色的表现而获奖。 (3)辨析比较：award/reward/prize 易混词易混词区别区别 award 多指奖励在某个领域或工作中取得成就或成绩突出的人，常由评委经过认真考虑颁发奖项、奖金。 His film won several awards at the film festival.他的电影在电影节上赢得了几个奖项。 5 reward 多指对某人的帮助、工作或服务等的酬谢，可以是金钱，也可以是物品或精神奖励。 He got a reward for helping them. 他因帮助他们而得到了奖励。 prize 多指在竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所赢得的奖品。 In this competition you could win a prize worth $3000. 在这次比赛中,你可能会赢得价值 3000 美元的奖品。 【练习】1.语法填空 The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins first place in the bicycle race. Mo Yan was rewarded (award )the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, which made one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true. 2.选词填空: award/ reward/ prize Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a(n) prize in the Kite Festival. We will offer a(n) reward of ten thousand dollars for information about the case. Now the Nobel Prize, established(创立) Alfred Nobel, is the most respected award in the world 7. honour 【用法归纳拓展用法归纳拓展】 (1)n. U荣誉；尊敬，尊重；荣誉；尊敬，尊重；sing.荣幸，光荣荣幸，光荣 have the honour of (doing) sth. 得到某殊荣，有幸做某事 Its an honour (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)很荣幸做某事。 in honour of sb. = in ones honour 为向某人表示敬意；为纪念某人 May I have the honour of dancing with you?我是否有幸与您跳一支舞呢？ We think its a great honour to be invited to your country.被邀访问贵国我们深感荣幸。 A farewell party was held in honour of the ambassador. 为了表示对这位大使的敬意，大家（为他）举办了一场欢送会。 (2)vt. 尊敬，尊重；给予表扬尊敬，尊重；给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号或奖励、头衔、称号) honour sb. with sth. 某事使某人感到荣幸；授予某人荣誉，获得表彰 be/feel honoured to do sth. 因做某事而感到荣幸 Mr Smith, you honoured us with your presence.史密斯先生，您的莅临是我们的荣幸。 I was honoured to have been mentioned in his speech.他在讲话中提到了我，真是荣幸。 【练习】1.语法填空 I am greatly honoured (honour)to be invited to their club where I can learn a lot. Weve decided to hold a meeting in honour of all the people that have helped us out. Tu Youyou, 84, was honoured with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Oct. 5, 2015. 2.完成句子：受邀参加他们下个月的结婚典礼，我们感到荣幸。 We are/feel honoured to be invited 或 Its an honour for us to be invited to their wedding ceremony which will take place next month. 6 8.limited adj.有限的有限的 【用法归纳拓展用法归纳拓展】 (1)词性拓展：词性拓展： limit v限制 n界限 limitless adj.无限的 (2)搭配：搭配： limit.to. 把把限制在限制在内内(其被动形式为其被动形式为 be limited to受限制于受限制于) limited company/resources 有限公司/有限的资源 without limit 无限(制)地 【练习】单句语法填空 He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited (limit) education in his childhood. Time is limited (limit), so you must finish it in 30 minutes. The speed of the cars is limited to no more than ten miles per hour in campus. e across 【用法归纳拓展用法归纳拓展】 (1)(偶然偶然)週见，发现。为及物动词短语，相当于週见，发现。为及物动词短语，相当于 happen to meet，run across 等等 (2)被理解，被弄懂。为不及物动词短语，相当于被理解，被弄懂。为不及物动词短语，相当于 get across。 Your point really came across at the meeting. 会上你的观点大家都非常明白了。 (3)come 构成的其他短语：构成的其他短语： come up with 想出 come out 出版，发表；出现 come on 改进，发展；加油 come true 实现 come up 升起；即将发生(或出现、到来)；被提及，被讨论（不用于被动） 【练习】用 come 的相关短语完成句子 1. I was riding back home when I come across an old man lying in the middle of the street with a basket full of things beside him. 2. A number of questions came up at the meeting, but the leaders could not come up with any proper answers. 3. He spoke for a long time but his meaning didnt really come across . 4. Have any new detective novels come out up to the present? 10.advance 【用法归纳拓展用法归纳拓展】 (1)n. C,U进步，进展进步，进展 C (尤指武装部队的尤指武装部队的)前进，行进前进，行进 make an advance in. 在方面取得进展 Recent advances in medical science mean that this illness now can be cured. 医学的最新进展意味着这种疾病现在可以治愈。 (2) advance 构成的其他短语：构成的其他短语： in advance 预先，事先in advance of. 在前面；(发展上)超前 The subject of the talk is announced a week in advance. 会谈的主题提前一周宣布。 His ideas were well in advance of the age in which he lived. 他的思想远远超出了他所处的时代。 7 (3)词性拓展词性拓展 advanced adj.先进的；高级的先进的；高级的 Their equipment isnt as advanced as ours. 他们的设备不如我们的先进。 【练习】语法填空 (2020天津第一中学期末)You should book your fight about two or three weeks in advance so that you can enjoy a lower price. China is building the worlds largest earthquake alert system and its possibly the most advanced (advance) 重点句型分析重点句型分析 1.When thanking the Committee for the honour, Tu youyou said, “This is not only an honour for myself, but also recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China.”(教材 P53) 感谢诺贝尔奖委员会授予自己这项荣誉时，屠呦呦说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家 的肯定和鼓励。” 【句式分析】本句中 When thanking.honour 为“连词+现在分词”结构；后面的直接引语中包含“not only.but also.”结构 【考点提炼】“not only.but (also).”结构 (1)该结构意为“不但而且”，其中 also 可以省路。“not onlybut (also)”,“通常连接两个并列的成分， 如主语、谓语、宾语等，还可连接两个句子” Not only Mary but also Tom is fond of reading books.不仅玛丽，汤姆也喜欢读书。(连接两个并列主语) The Americans and British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. 美国人和英国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的社会风俗。(连接两个并列谓语) She likes not only music but also sports. 她不仅喜欢音乐而且喜欢体育运动。(连接两个宾语) (2)“not onlybut(also)”连接两个并列分句，且 not only 位于句首时， not only 所在的分句要用部分倒装 结构(即将谓语的一部分，如助动词、情态动词、连系动词 be 移到主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面)。 Not only do we take volleyball and basketball courses, but our school holds various kinds of sports competition. 我们不仅上排球课和篮球课，而且学校还举办各种体育比赛。 注意：注意： “not onlybut(also)”连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要和 but (also)后的成分在人称和数上保持 一致。有类似用法的结构还有“not.but.”，“either.or.”，“neither.nor.”等。【就远原则】 Not only the child but also his parents like this movie.不仅这个孩子喜欢这部电影，他的父母也喜欢。 Not you but your younger brother is to blame. 该受责备的不是你而是你的弟弟。 【练习】1.语法填空 He not only helped his own family, but also held (hold )out a helping hand to many other men less fortunate than himself. 8 Not only his parents but also his elder brother has gone (go)to the Summer Palace. They havent come back yet. Not the teacher but the students are (be)looking forward to seeing the film at the moment. 2.单句写作：他不但会说英语，而且会说法语。 He can speak English, but also French.或 Not only can he speak English but also french. 2. Tu Youyou was noted for her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China, her ability to use old wisdom and new methods to achieve her goals and the fact that her work bridged the Eastern and Western worlds, saving millions of lives. (教材 P53) 屠呦呦在中国科学的困难时期勇敢地(选择)做一名科研人员，能够用古老的智慧和新的方法实现目标，而且，实 际上她的工作将东西方世界结合了起来，拯救了数百万人的生命，这使她闻名。 【句式分析】本句为主从复合句。句子的主体为 Tu Youyou was noted for her bravery, her ability, and the fact。ability 后是动词不定式短语作后置定语。that 在此引导同位语从句，解释说明 fact 的内容。 saving millions of lives 为现在分词短语作结果状语。 【考点提炼】动词不定式作后置定语修饰抽象名词 英语中，一些抽象名词后常接不定式作定语，不定式说明名词的内容。常见的此类名词有 ability, chance, courage, right, opportunity, promise 等。 They now have an opportunity to go abroad to study further. 他们现在有机会出国深造。 I dont trust his promise to come for a visit. 我不相信他来访的诺言。 Do you have the ability to read and write English?你有英语读写能力吗？ 【练习】1.语法填空 (2020江苏盐城中学期中)One outstanding feature of the DF-41 missile is its ability to locate (locate)the accurate position of the target. (2020江西吉安一中月考) This is a good chance to go (go) to college, so she is unwilling to give it up. 2.完成句子：表达观点的能力与观点同等重要。 The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 语法语法 定语从句（定语从句（3） 思维导图思维导图 9 【挖教材语法示例】 用适当的“介词+关系代词”填写下列教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征 1. Later, she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices. 2. They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory in which they worked had poor air quality. “介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 【语法精讲语法精讲】 【知识点知识点 1】关系代词的确定关系代词的确定 “介词+关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，先行词指人时关系 代词用 whom，不可以用 who 或 that；先行词指物时关系代词用 which，不能用 that。但如果介词后置，则不受这 种限制，限制性定语从句中的关系代词还可以省去，尤其在口语中。 Do you know the girl to whom our teacher is talking? =Do you know the girl (that/who/whom) our teacher is talking to? 你认识正和我们老师谈话的那个女孩吗? The school in which my friend once studied is very famous. =The school(that/which) my friend once studied in is very famous. 我的朋友曾经就读的那所学校很有名。 真题链接真题链接 10 语法填空语法填空 1.(2018江苏单项填空改編)Self-driving is an area in ___________China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. 2.(浙江高考单项填空改编) The study suggests that the cultures we grow up in influence the basic processes by __________we see the world around us. 【答案解析】1. which。句意:自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其他国家都在间一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为 area，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故可用关系副词 where 或 in which。 2. which。句意：该研究表明，我们成长于其中的文化影响着我们审视我们周围的世界的基本过程。定语从 句“by_________we see the world around us”修饰先行词 the basic processes，句中缺少状语，by which 在从 句中作方式状语。 【知识点知识点 2】介词的选取介词的选取 “介词+关系代词”结构中介词的选用或根据上下文要表达的具体意思，或根据先行词的习惯搭配，或根据定语从 句中某些单词或短语的习惯搭配而定。具体用法如下： 1.根据上下文要表达的具体意思来确定介词。根据上下文要表达的具体意思来确定介词。有些句子的先行词完全一样，这时，需要根据句子所要表达的意思选 用不同的介词。 This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years. (相当于 My brother has worked with the pilot for ten years.) 这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那位飞行员。 This is the pilot by whom my son was saved. (相当于 My son was saved by the pilot.)这就是救了我儿子的那位飞行员。 2.根据定语从句修饰的先行词的习惯搭配来确定介词。根据定语从句修饰的先行词的习惯搭配来确定介词。 Do you still remember the day on which we met for the first time?你还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗?( on the day) 3.根据定语从句中某些词或短语的习惯搭配来确定介词。根据定语从句中某些词或短语的习惯搭配来确定介词。有时候，这个介词可能就是作定语从句谓语的短语动词中 的一个固定介词，如 choose from 中的 from 等。 Is this the car for which you paid a high price? 这就是你花高价买的那辆汽车吗? (pay for) This is the computer on which I spent 3,000 yuan. 这就是我花 3000 元买的电脑。( spend money on sth.) The two things about/of which he was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms 他不确定的两项是语法和些习语。( be sure about/of) 真题链接真题链接 11 语法填空语法填空 1.(2020江苏单项填空改编) Many lessons are now available online,_________which students can choose for free. 2.(浙江高考单项填空改编) Creating an atmosphere___________which employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. 【答案解析】1. from。句意：现在许多课程都可以在网上找到，学生们可以免费从中选择。分析句子结构可知， 空处和后面的 which 一起引导定语从句，修饰先行词 Many lessons，choose from.表示“从中选择”，故填 from。 2. in。句意：营造一种氛围让雇员感觉是团队的一分子，这是一个大的挑战。此处应用 in which 引导这个定语从 句，在意思上相当于 in the atmosphere。in which 在从句中作地点状语。 【知识点知识点 3】“】“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”的特殊用法的特殊用法 1.有些固定的短语动词在定语从句中作谓语动词时，有些固定的短语动词在定语从句中作谓语动词时， 该短语动词中的介词一般不提至关系代词前该短语动词中的介词一般不提至关系代词前。常见的此类短语动词有 care for, deal with, get through, hear from, depend on, listen to, look after, look at, look for, send for, see to, pay attention to, take care of 等。 这就是我正在寻找的手表。 【误】 This is the watch for which I am looking. 【正】 This is the watch which/ that I am looking for. 2.介词介词 in，on，at，for 等与关系代词等与关系代词 which 一起引导定语从句时，有时可用相应的关系副词一起引导定语从句时，有时可用相应的关系副词 when，where，why 等替换。等替换。 The reason for which (= why )he refused the invitation is not clear. 他拒绝这个邀请的理由还不清楚。 Great changes have taken place in the city in which( =where) I was born. 我出生的那个城市已经发生了巨大的变化。 3. the way 后接定语从句时关系词的选择后接定语从句时关系词的选择 the way(方式，方法)作先行词，后接定语从句时，若关系词在从句中作状语，则用 in which 或 that，关系词也可省 略；若关系词在从句中作宾语、主语等，关系词用 which/that，且关系词在从句中作宾语时也可省略。 The way( that/in which) he treats children is very good. 他待孩子们的方式非常好。 The way(which/that) you told me yesterday doesnt work. 你昨天告诉我的方法不管用。 真题链接真题链接 完成句子完成句子 (2018全国卷短文改错改编)他们还有一个小池塘，他们在里面养鱼。 They also had a small pond_______________________. 【笞案解析】 where/in which they raised fish 巩固练习巩固练习 A 基础练基础练 知识巩固知识巩固 建议时间：建议时间：30 mins 一、单词拼写一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词用本部分所学单词) 12 Topic Talk 1. Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs(炸弹), and help bridges to stand up. 2. I really admire (钦佩) you for your courage to take the task. 3. It is well-known that Li Bais achievement in poetry is remarkable (非凡的). 4.(2020陕西宝鸡期末) Starting a career (职业)is about making choices as to what you want out of life in the future. 5.(2020全国卷阅读理解改編) Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations (一代人) living together had risen from 325, 000 in 2001 to 419, 000 in 2013. 6.(2020天津 5 月单项填空改