1、Unit 1 Nature in the balance 泛读技能初养成泛读技能初养成 阅读教材 P1112的材料，选出最佳选项 1Where is the passage probably taken from? AA TV interview programme on pollution. BA magazine about environmental pollution. CA newspaper about investigation experiment. DA travel journal about Norgate. 2What can be concluded from the
2、 passage? AAll the local residents protested against heavy industry. B.Factory managers are irresponsible businessmen. CMost factories tries their best to reduce the pollution while they make profits. DFighting pollution is just a task for factories and government departments. 3Whats the main idea o
3、f the passage? AThe local people are all against environmental pollution. B.The advantages of opening a factory outweigh the disadvantages. CEnvironmental protection is a long- term task that requires joint efforts. DThere are different viewpoints on environmental pollution. 答案 13 ACC Words and Phra
4、ses 知识要点1 come up with 想出，想到 (教材 P6)All of them come up with creative ideas on how to solve these problems. 他们都对如何解决这些问题提出了创造性的想法。 例 1 When you have finished，try to come up with two more events for each category. 当你完成后，每一种类尽量再提出两个项目。 例 2 Keep your eye on these jokers，you never know what they will co
5、me up with. 盯住这些家伙，你永远不知道他们会想出什么来。 造句 我很惊讶他能想出这么好的主意。 _ I was amazed that hed come up with such a sweet idea. 归纳拓展 come about 发生 come across (偶然)遇见；发现；被理解；被弄懂 come up 被提出；出现；发芽 come out 出来；长出；出版，发行；结果是 when it comes to (doing). 当谈到(做)时 即学即练 单句语法填空 He came _ a cat in the park. His new album came _ la
6、st year. We need to come up _ a better plan without delay. When it comes to _(study)English，he is very weak. across out with studying 知识要点2 (教材 P6)Some call for the application of modern technology，and others a change of lifestyle. 一些人要求应用现代技术，另一些人要求改变生活方式。 (1)call for(公开)要求；需要 例 1 Air pollution cal
7、ls for our special concern. 空气污染问题需要我们的特别关注。 例 2 Several candidates were called for a second interview. 几位候选人被通知去参加第二次面试。 造句 这个工作需要爱和耐心。 _ The job calls for love and patience. 归纳拓展 call up 给打电话；使回忆起 call back 回电话；收回 call on/upon 拜访(人)；号召 call at 拜访(某地) call in 请来；召来 call off 取消 即学即练 单句语法填空 The old p
8、icture called _ memories of his childhood. The government calls on the citizens _(lead)a green life. The game was called _ because of the bad weather. I now call _ the chairman to address the meeting. up to lead off on/upon (2)application n应用，运用；申请 例 1 Since the 1970s many new applications have been
9、 found for me. 从 20 世纪 70 年代起，我又被开发出了很多新的用途。 例 2 Barbara made an application for a job as a nurse. 芭芭拉提出了应聘护士工作的申请。 造句 这项发明会在工业中得到广泛应用。 _ The invention would have a wide range of applications in industry. 归纳拓展 (1)apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi. 申请；请求；使用；有效 apply (to.)for. (向)申请 apply to 适用于；与有关 apply ones
10、elf to. 专心于(to 为介词) apply.to. 把运用到；把涂到 (2)applicant n. 申请人 即学即练 单句语法填空 The girl decided to apply _ a job in this company. The technology _(apply)to this field was highly thought of. Students should apply themselves to _(improve)their skills. In this way we can better apply theory _ practice. for app
11、lied improving to 知识要点3 get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 (教材 P11) .its also given me a cough that I cant get rid of. 它还让我患上了咳嗽，而且老是不好。 例 1 He attached himself to me at the party and I couldnt get rid of him. 在聚会上他老是缠着我，我简直无法摆脱他。 例 2 Most people have some regret that they just cant seem to get rid of. 大多数人都会有一些似乎
12、摆脱不了的遗憾。 造句 我的头疼的毛病老是不好。 _ I cant get/be rid of this headache. 归纳拓展 rid sb./sth.of. 使某人/某物摆脱 rid oneself of. 摆脱；从中解脱 get/be rid of. 摆脱/除去 即学即练 单句语法填空 Maybe we should rid _(we)of modern technology and return to simpler times. I was glad _(be)rid of the car when I finally sold it. You should rid _(you
13、)of the smoking habit. If I ruled the world，I would rid the world _ wars. ourselves to be yourself of 知识要点4 defence n辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防 守 (教材 P11)In defence of the factories，however，Id like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce. 然而，为工厂说句公道话，我想指出，我们也在努力控制我们产 生的污染量
14、。 例 1 The woman rushed there in defence of her children. 这个女人冲过去保护自己的孩子们。 例 2 What points can be raised in defence of this argument? 有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢？ 造句 政府已削减了国防开支。 _ The government has cut back on defence spending. 归纳拓展 (1)defend vt. 辩解，辩白；防御，保护，保卫 defend.against/from. 保卫免受 defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩
15、解 (2)in defence of 为了保卫，为辩护 即学即练 单句语法填空 I have to say in her _(defend)that she knew nothing about it beforehand. She had to defend herself _ the guard dog. You must learn to defend _(you)when being attacked. All our officers are trained to defend themselves _ knife attacks. defence against/from your
16、self against/from 知识要点5 (教材 P13)consequence n结果，后果；重要性 例 1 If we toy with nature，we will have to deal with the consequences. 如果我们戏弄自然，我们将不得不应付各种后果。 例 2 She was found guilty，and lost her job as a consequence of it. 她被判有罪，因而失去了工作。 造句 这项决定可能对该行业造成严重后果。 _ This decision could have serious consequences fo
17、r the industry. 归纳拓展 (1)in consequenceas a consequenceconsequently 因此 as a consequence of 由于；因为 in consequence of/as a consequence of 由于，作为的结果 (2)consequently adv. 结果，因此 即学即练 单句语法填空 _ a consequence of the rain，the tennis match was delayed. She studied hard，and _(consequence)she passed the examinatio
18、n. The child was born weak _ consequence of an injury to its mother. As consequently in 小片段助记 A lot of students waste their spare time surfing the Internet；as a consequence ， they often fail to finish their homework on time.Consequently，most of them do poorly in their grades.Later，in consequence of
19、Toms hard work， he was eventually admitted to Nanjing University. 知识要点6 give rise to 使发生(或存在) (教材 P13)For example，in many parts of the world，the poor quality of the local drinking water gives rise to public health problems. 例如，在世界的许多地方，当地饮用水的质量低劣导致了公共卫 生问题。 例 1 Low levels of choline in the body can
20、give rise to high blood pressure. 体内胆碱含量低可引发高血压。 例 2 The novels success gave rise to a number of sequels. 这部小说的成功带来了一系列的续篇。 造句 它会引起普遍的贫困和痛苦。 _ It gave rise to widespread poverty and suffering. 归纳拓展 give thought to 认真考虑，思考 give advice to 提供建议 give birth to 产生；分娩；引发；造成 即学即练 单句语法填空 She had given _(thin
21、k)to changing her job before she made the decision. Religious differences between them gave _(bear)to a war. They give advice _ people with HIV and AIDS. Yesterdays earthquake _(give)rise to many deaths. thought birth to gave 细节理解题直接定位法 细节理解题主要考查考生对文章事实细节的理解，在解答这类题 时，可采用“直接定位”的方法，即带着问题找原文。 思维建模熟练 3
22、步解题流程 例文 Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C. Duration：3 hours Morning or Afternoon， this bike tour is the perfect tour for D C.newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington，D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting storie
23、s about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. 细节理解题的三大原则 (1)解题的顺序原则：一般来说题目答案的位置与题目的顺序是一致 的，这能帮助我们缩小寻找范围，大大提高解题效率。 (2)关键词定位原则：通过寻读法，用题干中的关键词(包括专有名词、 数词、实体名词、形容词、副词，以及这些词的同义词)在文中搜索， 迅速确定相关词句或信息点所在的位置，缩小阅读范围
24、。 注意 文章中反复出现的名词或短语没有唯一出处，所以不能算是 定位词。 (3)依据原文信息原则：做题时务必要树立定位意识，每一题、每一选 项都要回到原文中的某一处进行定位，然后画出相关语句，并与选项 仔细比对。 What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? AMeet famous people. BGo to a national park. CVisit wellknown museums. DEnjoy interesting stories. 答案 D 即学即练 请快速确定下面这段文字的直接信息题的答案。 Mr.Koziatek is
25、 part of something pioneering.He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not about books and tests and rote memorization(死记硬背)，but something practical.As Koziatek knows，there is learning in just about everything.Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a desk.They can also learn geometry by putting together a bicycle. Whats the characteristic of Mr.Koziateks school? APaying attention to practical learning. BLetting students do many tests. CEncouraging students to read books. DForcing students to learn by rote. 答案 A
