1、1. What do you think this script is about judging from the title and picture? 从标题从标题和图片和图片来来判断判断，你觉得这个文本是关于什么的？，你觉得这个文本是关于什么的？ judging from 从从判断判断，为，为评注性状语评注性状语，是独立于句子之是独立于句子之 外的状语，属于句子状语，但它不是修饰句子，而是说话人外的状语，属于句子状语，但它不是修饰句子，而是说话人 对句子所做的评论或解释。对句子所做的评论或解释。 e.g. Judging from what you said in your letter
2、, you dont sound well. 根据你来信中所写的情况根据你来信中所写的情况，你听上去好像不大好。，你听上去好像不大好。 2. Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. 欢迎来到亚马逊森林，这是一片绿色的海洋。欢迎来到亚马逊森林，这是一片绿色的海洋。 a sea of: a large amount of sth. 大片的大片的，成片的，成片的 e.g. He looked down and saw a sea of smiling faces. 他往下看，看到一张张笑
3、脸。他往下看，看到一张张笑脸。 (be) alive with: be full of or covered with 充满，充满，到处是到处是(活的活的 或动的东西或动的东西) e.g. The pond was alive with frogs. 池塘里都是青蛙。池塘里都是青蛙。 【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。 1. The land is _spring sowing activities. 大地充满了一片春耕的活气。大地充满了一片春耕的活气。 2. I stood amid _ corn. 我我站在茫茫一片庄稼之中站在茫茫一片庄稼之中. alive with a sea of
4、 3. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earths ecosystem. 作为世界上最大的雨林作为世界上最大的雨林, 它在保护地球生态系统平衡方面它在保护地球生态系统平衡方面扮演扮演 了了重要的作用重要的作用。 play a role in doing sth 在在方面扮演了重要的角色方面扮演了重要的角色 e.g. Hard work plays a significant role in achieving s
5、uccess. 努力在获努力在获得得成功方面扮演了重要的角色成功方面扮演了重要的角色。 4. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6400 kilometers in lengthroughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. 亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河,亚马孙河长接近亚马孙河长接近6400千米千米,比长江比长江 还长约还长约100千米千米。 句中句中 from which the rainforest ge
6、ts its name是是“介词“介词+关系代关系代 词”引导的词”引导的非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句，为先行为先行项项 The Amazon river提提 供补充信息供补充信息，先行项和非限制性定语从句之间先行项和非限制性定语从句之间用逗号隔开用逗号隔开。 e.g. The house, which was built over a hundred years ago, was not damaged in the earthquake. 本文中还出现了几处定语从句。请大家阅读文章并找出。本文中还出现了几处定语从句。请大家阅读文章并找出。 1. This tall and ancien
7、t brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; (Para. 3) 2. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. (Para. 4) 3. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. (Para. 5) 限制性定语从句，修饰限制性定语从句，修饰nuts，关系代词，关系代词that作作eat的宾语。
8、的宾语。 限制性定语从句，修饰限制性定语从句，修饰insects，which在从句中作主语。在从句中作主语。 限制性定语从句，修饰限制性定语从句，修饰a treasure house of species，that作主语。作主语。 5. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found. 这些生态系统给这个地区带来了地球上最丰富的生物多样性：这些生态系统给这个地区带来了地球上最丰富的生物多样性： 世界上十个已知物种中就有一个可
9、以在这里找到。世界上十个已知物种中就有一个可以在这里找到。 biodiversity n. the variety of plants and animals in a particular place 生物多样性生物多样性 (由由bio+ diversity构成构成) bio- :生物的；与生物相关的生物的；与生物相关的 e.g. bio-genetics 生物遗传学生物遗传学 biophysics 生物物理学生物物理学 bioengineering 生物工程生物工程 species n. (动植物的动植物的)物种物种，种种 单复同形单复同形 e.g. a rare species of b
10、eetle 一种稀有甲虫一种稀有甲虫 There are many species of dog(s). 狗狗有许多种有许多种。 Over a hundred species of insect are found in this area. 这这一地区有上百种昆虫。一地区有上百种昆虫。 6. The forests different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. 雨林的不同层次使种类多到难以置信的野生动植物得以生存。雨林的不同层次使种类多到难以置信的野生动植物得以生存。 variety n. a lot of thi
11、ngs of the same type that are different from each other in some way (同一事物的同一事物的)不同种类不同种类, 多种式样多种式样 a variety of 各种各样的各种各样的 e.g. We can see that a variety of techniques are used in the painting. 我们可以看到这幅画作中使用了多种技巧我们可以看到这幅画作中使用了多种技巧。 various adj. 各种各样的各种各样的 e.g. Tents come in various shapes and sizes.
12、 【同根词同根词】 vary v. 相异相异,不同不同,各种各样的各种各样的 vary fromto 由由到到不等不等 vary with 随随变化变化 e.g. The menu varies with the season. House prices vary from place to place and are usually high where there are famous schools. 各个地方的房价都不同，在有名校的地方房价通常很高。各个地方的房价都不同，在有名校的地方房价通常很高。 【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子翻译句子。 With the development of
13、 economy, there are various goods in stores, varying from daily groceries to luxury goods (奢侈品奢侈品), which greatly enrich peoples life. In addition, the goods vary with the season in variety and quantity. 随着经济的发展，商店里的商品种类繁多，从日常用品到奢随着经济的发展，商店里的商品种类繁多，从日常用品到奢 侈品不等，大大丰富了人们的生活。此外，货物的种类和数侈品不等，大大丰富了人们的生活。此
14、外，货物的种类和数 量也随季节而变化。量也随季节而变化。 Language points 7. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. 在底部在底部,有一个地表下的根系有一个地表下的根系。 beneath prep. 1) in or to a lower position than sth., or directly under sth. 在在下面下面 e.g. Alice quickly hid the letter beneath a pile of clothes. Alice迅速把信藏在一堆衣服下迅速
15、把信藏在一堆衣服下。 2) not good enough or suitable for sb. 配不上配不上某人，与某人不相称某人，与某人不相称 e.g. She acts as if even speaking to us is beneath her. 她她的样子好像和我们说句话都有失身份。的样子好像和我们说句话都有失身份。 Language points 在这在这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持谓语应与其后的主语保持 一致一致。 8. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark fore
16、st floor. 在在它的上面是黑暗森林地面上的大量落叶。它的上面是黑暗森林地面上的大量落叶。 介词介词短语短语above that放句首，句子用完全放句首，句子用完全倒装。倒装。这样这样可以保持可以保持句句 子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密。子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密。 e.g. Among these people was his friend Jim. 他他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。 By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着
17、一本杂志。 Language points mass n. a large amount of sth. 大量大量；许多许多，团；块；，团；块；堆堆 【搭配搭配】 a mass of / masses of sth 大量，许多大量，许多 the mass of 中的大多数中的大多数 the masses 群众群众 e.g. A mass of snow and rocks falling down the mountain 从山上滚下来的一堆积雪和从山上滚下来的一堆积雪和石块石块 I struggled through the mass of people to the exit. 我我在人群
18、里挤来挤去在人群里挤来挤去,挤到了出口处挤到了出口处。 a TV programme that brings science to the masses 普及普及科学知识的电视节目科学知识的电视节目 mass adj. involving or intended for a very large number of people 大量的，大批的；民众的大量的，大批的；民众的 e.g. a mass marketing campaign 大规模大规模营销活动营销活动 Email has made mass mailings possible at the touch of a button. 有
19、了有了电子邮件，点击一个按钮就可以群发邮件电子邮件，点击一个按钮就可以群发邮件。 9. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things. 每一层森林都形成了自己的每一层森林都形成了自己的小小世界世界，是各种生物的家园。，是各种生物的家园。 living adj. 1) alive now 活着的活着的；活的；活的 e.g. the finest living pianist 当当世的最杰出的钢琴家世的最杰出的钢琴家 2) 在使用的在使用的；在实施的；在实施
20、的 e.g. a living language (=one that people still use)现用语言现用语言 living n. the way that you earn money or the money that you earn 生计生计; 收入收入 e.g. What do you do for a living? (=what do you do as a job?) 你是做什么营生的？你是做什么营生的？ lively/alive/live alive adj. 活着的，常作表语、后置定语或补语。如：活着的，常作表语、后置定语或补语。如： His grandpare
21、nts are still alive. （表语）（表语） Who is the greatest poet alive? （后置定语）（后置定语） In the end, two brave soldiers caught the enemy general alive.（宾补）（宾补） lively adj. 活泼活泼的，活跃的，生动的，活跃的，生动的，的，作定语或表语作定语或表语。 They fell into a lively discussion of the question. Her story about her life in Africa was lively and in
22、teresting. live v. 居住居住；过过的的生活生活 adj. 活的，活的，与与dead相对，相对，一般只作一般只作定语定语。 adj. however, its soil is surprisingly poor in nutrients. B1 The passage below is from a website about the Amazon rainforest. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below. agriculture impac
23、t thus due to variety survive beneath break down variety In fact, the soil in the region cannot support (2)_ for more than a few years. If a scientist is shown a report listing the nutrients of that soil, he or she will probably think that only desert plants can (3)_in it! Then why is the soil so po
24、or in nutrients? For one thing, the rainy season has a(n) (4)_on the soil. In the rainy season, the water level can rise to more than 12 metres. agriculture survive agriculture impact thus due to variety survive beneath break down impact When the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the s
25、oil. For another thing, (5)_the Amazons hot climate, it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients. Dead plants and animals (6)_more quickly. The nutrients are soon taken in by the roots of the plants deep (7)_the ground. As a result, most of the forests nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves, (8)_ allowing them to grow at an unbelievable speed. due to break down beneath thus agriculture impact thus due to variety survive beneath break down
