1、核心素养提能练核心素养提能练 “阅读理解完形填空”组合练 . 阅读理解 This month, when earthquakes rocked Southern California on back-to-back days, it was a shocking reminder that we may one day experience the “Big One”, a quake with the power to kill and destroy. However a few people saw something else: a photo opportunity. Tourist
2、s flocked to a large crack in a highway to see evidence of the damage for themselves and, of course, take a quick selfie(自拍) It was only the latest example of how our modern love of sharing photos we take of ourselves in notable situations is colliding with nature and the world, often in confusing a
3、nd even dangerous ways. In Canada, a sunflower farm barred visitors last year after selfie-seekers destroyed flowers and left the land looking like a “zombie apocalypse(僵尸启示录)”.In Spain, a man was gored in the neck last weekend while trying to take a video selfie at the annual running of the bulls i
4、n Pamplona. The selfie phenomenon entered the mainstream after Apple and other phonemakers added front-facing cameras starting in 2010, the same year Instagram and other photo-sharing apps were becoming popular. From 2011 to 2017, more than 250 people died while taking selfies, according to a study
5、by researchers in India, which had by far the highest number of such deaths, followed by Russia and the United States. Many died after drowning, falling or being attacked by an animal. Most were under the age of 30. Its easy to be uncomfortable with selfies and even mock them, especially when theyre
6、 risky or in bad taste. But some researchers have explored different questions：Why do we take selfies? Can they ever be a healthy form of expression? Can selfies be used for good? 语篇解读这是一篇夹叙夹议文。 我们为什么热爱自拍？文章用南加州地震后人们除了目睹 损坏的裂缝还快速自拍的例子引出话题：介绍了自拍者的冒险行为。 1Why does the author mention the earthquake happ
7、ened in Southern California? ATo show how severe the earthquake is. BTo warn the readers of the dangers in the earthquake. CTo introduce the risky behavior of the crazy selfie takers. DTo show how scared people are when an earthquake happened. 答案C 解析推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知, 作者提到发生在南加州的地震是为了介绍疯狂自 拍者的冒险行为。故选
8、C 项。 2The sunflower farm in Canada barred visitors, because. Athere are too many visitors Bthe farm used to be devastated by selfie seekers Cthe sunflowers are supposed to be well protected Dthe farm owner did not want others to enjoy the beautiful sunflowers 答案B 解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知, 加拿大的向日葵农场禁止游客进入,
9、 是因为该 农场曾被自拍爱好者破坏。故选 B 项。 3What is the right order of the following countries according to the number of selfie deaths? AThe US, India, Russia. BRussia, the US, India. CIndia, Russia, the US. DIndia, the US, Russia. 答案C 解析细节理解题。 根据第五段中“From 2011 to 2017, more than 250 people died while taking selfie
10、s, according to a study by researchers in India, which had by far the highest number of such deaths, followed by Russia and the United States. ”可知, 印度是自拍死亡人数最多的国家, 其 次是俄罗斯和美国。故选 C 项。 . 完形填空 The other day I was shopping at a local store and met a lady. She was squatting(蹲坐) on the floor looking for a
11、1product on the bottom shelf. She jumped up when she saw me as if to 2my way. Feeling sorry, she3that she was a4at a nearby store and was5 her lunch break, trying to get a few needed items before her time was up. I reassured(使安心) her, “I am in no hurry. Go ahead and do what you need to do. I have pl
12、enty of time. ”6she searched for a particular brand she said that sometimes7were rude to her at the store and she really8my kindness. I told her that I had noticed cashiers being treated rudely. I explained to her that I was a retired nurse and9some of what she was saying first hand. Sometimes, the
13、sick people could be rude. She thanked me for being so nice and friendly. I told her, “The world would be a10 place if we all acted11. Those who are rude may have bad karma(因果报应) coming after them eventually for12people badly. ” She nodded and broke out in a big smile. In a brief13I showed her there
14、 are good and kind people in the world and may have boosted(增进) her14in humanity. Maybe she15that later in the day, perhaps when someone was treating her unkindly. 语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。 作者在商店里偶遇一位正在寻找商品的收银员。 在交谈的过程 中, 收银员提到自己很多时候受到顾客的无礼对待。作者宽慰了对方, 并且告诉她：如果我 们都能善待他人, 那么, 这个世界会变得更好。 1A. usefulBcertain Cfascina
15、tingDcommercial 答案B 解析句意为：她蹲在地板上寻找底层架子上的某种产品。useful 有用的；certain 某一, 某 个；fascinating 迷人的；commercial 商业的。作者不知道对方在寻找什么产品, 因此此处指 “她在找某种产品”。 2A. head toBgive way to Cget out ofDkeep track of 答案C 解析句意为：她一看见我就跳了起来, 好像要躲开我似的。head to 朝行进；give way to 给让路；get out of 逃避, 避免；keep track of 记录, 与保持联系。她跳起来, 好像 就是要给
16、作者让路, 躲开作者。 3A. whisperedBreflected CexplainedDadded 答案C 解析句意为：她抱歉地解释说, 她是附近一家商店的收银员, 正在午休, 想买一些必需品。 whisper 低语；reflect 反映；explain 解释；add 添加。根据后面她说话的内容可知, 她在给作 者解释自己在做什么。 4A. waitressBactress CconductorDcashier 答案D 解析参考上题解析。waitress 女服务员；actress 女演员；conductor 指挥, 售票员；cashier 收银员。 根据第二段中的“she said th
17、at sometimeswere rude to her at the store and she reallymy kindness. I told her that I had noticed cashiers being treated rudely. ”可知, 她是一名收银员。 5A. onBthrough CunderDwith 答案A 解析on lunch break 意为“在午饭休息期间”, 是固定短语。 6A. WhileBBefore COnceDAlthough 答案A 解析句意为：当她搜寻某个品牌时, 她说有时顾客在商店里对她很粗鲁, 她真的很感激我 的好意。该处表示“当
18、时候”, 故选 A。 7A. employeesBvisitors ChostsDcustomers 答案D 解析employee 雇员；visitor 参观者；host 主人, 节目主持人；customer 顾客。她是一个收 银员, 在商店里顾客常常对商店的工作人员没有礼貌。这就像作者当护士时, 病人对她们没 有礼貌一样。 8A. admittedBappreciated CrespondedDrejected 答案B 解析admit 承认；appreciate 欣赏, 感激；respond 回应；reject 拒绝。顾客对她态度不好, 所 以她对作者的善良“心存感激”。 9A. reali
19、zedBunderstood CrecognizedDaccepted 答案B 解析句意为：我向她解释说, 我是一名退休护士, 她说的一些话我都能理解。realize 意识 到；understand 理解；recognize 认出；accept 接受。作者和那位收银员一样, 都曾经属于服 务人员, 都曾经受到过别人的无理对待。因此, 作者理解她的话。 10A. betterBcleaner CstrongerDlarger 答案A 解析根据该段第一句可知, 作者对她非常友善。因此作者对她说的话应该是：如果大家都 能对别人友善,那么世界会变得更好。 11A. happilyBfrankly Ck
20、indlyDgenerously 答案C 解析参考上题解析。happily 快乐地；frankly 坦率地, 直率地；kindly 仁慈地；generously 慷慨地。 12A. punishingBtreating CscaringDaffecting 答案B 解析punish 惩罚；treat 对待；scare 使害怕；affect 影响。在第二段中提到, 收银员经常受 到顾客的无理对待。 所以作者宽慰她： 那些粗鲁无礼的人最终可能会因为对别人不好而受到 报应。 13A. exchangeBlecture CrepetitionDperformance 答案A 解析句意为：在一次简短的交
21、流中, 我向她展示了世界上有很多善良的人, 这可能增强了 她对人性的信心。exchange 交换, 交流；lecture 演讲, 讲座；repetition 重复；performance 表 演, 表现。上文中, 作者和那位收银员进行了简短的“交流”。 14A. reliefBfortune CvirtueDfaith 答案D 解析参考上题解析。relief 缓解, 减轻；fortune 运气, 财富；virtue 美德；faith 信念, 信心。 15A. watched overBbrought about Cthought aboutDgot through 答案C 解析watch ov
22、er 看守, 监视, 照管；bring about 引起；think about 考虑, 思考；get through 完成, 通过。当这位收银员再受到别人的无理对待时, 可能会考虑一下作者说的话, 从而内 心会好受一些。 主观题规范练 . 语法填空 China is leading the world in facial recognition algorithms(人脸识别算法) It is reported that its best algorithm can recognize 10 million people 1.a single mistake in less than a s
23、econd. The top five of the 39 facial recognition algorithms in the world come from China, according to a test, 2.released the results last Friday. YITU Technology,3.Shanghai-based company that claimed both the top and second spot on the list, said that its top algorithm is able 4.(recognize)nearly e
24、very person in a sample base of 10 million. However, “it is very likely for a human brain to make 5.(mistake) in recognizing the identities of 100 people, ” the company said. Algorithms from Beijing-based company Sense Time 6. (win) the third and fourth spot, while the Shenzhen Institutes of Advance
25、d Technology(SIAT) claimed 7.(five) in the test. YITU said that high facial recognition accuracy means that users gain 8.(good) experiences when 9.(use) related products. For example, when a user uses facial ID for payment on a smartphone, it will not authorize the payment for someone else with a si
26、milar 10.(appear) as the user, the company noted. 语篇解读本文属于新闻, 介绍了世界面部识别算法最好的公司都来自中国, 并介绍了其相 关的信息及未来的前景。 1答案without 解析考查介词。分析句子可知, 名词短语前需要一个介词, 结合语境可知, 此处意为“没 有一个错误”, 故用 without。 2答案which 解析考查定语从句。 分析句子可知, 此处为非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词 test, 从句中缺 少主语, 故用关系代词 which。 3答案a 解析考查冠词。分析句子可知, Shanghai-based company 是对前
27、面短语的解释说明, 第一次 提及, 且 Shanghai 首字母发音以辅音音素开头, 故用不定冠词 a。 4答案to recognize 解析考查非谓语动词。be able to do sth. 能够做某事, 故用 to recognize。 5答案mistakes 解析考查名词单复数。 本句为短语make mistakes 犯错误, 根据语境可知, 不止犯一个错误, 故用复数形式 mistakes。 6答案won 解析考查动词时态和语态。分析句子可知, 本句缺少谓语, win 与主语为主谓关系, 故用主 动语态, 且是陈述过去的事情, 故用一般过去时。故填 won。 7答案fifth 解析考
28、查序数词。分析句子可知, 该公司获得第五名, 故用序数词 fifth。 8答案better 解析考查形容词比较级。句意为：YITU 公司说面部识别精确度的提高意味着当使用相关 产品时, 用户可以获得更好的体验。根据句意可知用比较级, 故用 better。 9答案using 解析考查非谓语动词。 本句为 when 引导的省略句, use 的逻辑主语为 users, 与其属于主谓 关系, 故用现在分词形式 using。 10答案appearance 解析考查词性转换。句意为：例如, 当用户在手机上进行刷脸支付的时候, 它不会授权外 貌相似的用户支付信息。similar 修饰名词, 故用 appea
29、rance。 . 概要写作 阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。 Is the traditional family dinner a thing of the past? In todays households where both parents go to work and kids have busy schedules with school, an array( 系 列 ) of afternoon activities and much homework, finding time for a gathering at the table seems im
30、possible. Yet, studies have shown time and again that eating together has multiple benefits for family members, especially children. According to a number of reports issued by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, children who eat at least five times a week wit
31、h their family are at lower risk of developing poor eating habits, weight problems or alcohol dependencies, and tend to perform better academically than their peers who frequently eat alone or away from home. Eating together as a family is not just about food and nutrition. “Food has become so easil
32、y and cheaply available that we no longer appreciate its significance, ” says Professor Robin Fox, who teaches anthropology at Rutgers University in New Jersey. “We have to rediscover its importance and its value. ” Sharing a meal with loved ones should be considered a special event, which can almos
33、t take on the form of a ceremony, as it was practiced by our ancestors, for whom finding food was a constant struggle. Besides appreciation for the value of food, there are also many social elements that come into play when families share meals, says Miriam Weinstein, author of The Surprising Power
34、of Family Meals. The dinner table can be the perfect environment where kids learn how to conduct conversations, observe good manners, serve others, listen, solve conflicts and compromise. Of course, there is no guarantee that the simple act of eating at home surrounded by family will save children f
35、rom developing unhealthy lifestyles or making regrettable choices down the road. It may not make them more virtuous(品行端正的) or socially more responsible. But it can form a basis for a lot of things that point them in the right direction. 一、仔细审题 1本文语篇类型属于说明文； 2人称是第三人称； 3时态是一般现在时。 二、文本理解 细读原文, 可找到概括或概述
36、的以下四个要点句： 要点句(1)： In todays households where both parents go to work and kids have busy schedules with school, an array(系列) of afternoon activities and much homework, finding time for a gathering at the table seems impossible. Yet, studies have shown time and again that eating together has multiple
37、benefits for family members, especially children. 要点句(2)：. . . children who eat at least five times a week with their family are at lower risk of developing poor eating habits, weight problems or alcohol dependencies, and tend to perform better academically than their peers who frequently eat alone
38、or away from home. 要点句(3)： Besides appreciation for the value of food, there are also many social elements that come into play when families share meals, says Miriam Weinstein, author of The Surprising Power of Family Meals. The dinner table can be the perfect environment where kids learn how to con
39、duct conversations, observe good manners, serve others, listen, solve conflicts and compromise. 要点句(4)： Of course, there is no guarantee that the simple act of eating at home surrounded by family will save children from developing unhealthy lifestyles or making regrettable choices down the road. It
40、may not make them more virtuous(品行端正的) or socially more responsible. But it can form a basis for a lot of things that point them in the right direction. 三、组句成篇 请运用同义句转述或句子重构来替换以上要点句, 并用适当的过渡词语把它们连接起 来组成一篇概要写作。 参考范文 Studies find that eating together as a family, which nowadays seems impossible for bu
41、sy parents and kids, is actually beneficial. (要点 1) First, it can contribute to childrens better physical health and academic performances. (要点 2) It also offers a platform where kids can learn to appreciate the value of food and develop social skills. (要点 3) Though sharing meals may not ensure children lifelong wellness, it can at least guide them on the right track. (要点 4)
