1、 返回导航 单元核心素养 返回导航 We find that the moon is about 239,000 miles (384,551 km) away from the earth, and, to within a few thousand miles, its distance always remains the same. Yet a very little observation shows that the moon is not standing till. Its distance from the earth remains the same, but its di
2、rection continually changes.We find that it is traveling in a circleor very nearly a circleround the earth, going completely round once a month, or, more exactly, once every 27 and 1/3 days. It is our nearest neighbor in space, and like ourselves it is kept tied to the earth by the earths gravitatio
3、nal pull. 单元话题导读 返回导航 Except for the sun, the moon looks the biggest object in the sky.Actually it is one of the smallest, and only looks big because it is so near to us.Its diameter is only 2,160 miles (3,476 km), or a little more than a quarter of the diameter of the earth. 返回导航 Once a month, or,
4、more exactly, once every 29 and 1/2 days, at the time we call “full moon”， its whole disc looks bright. At other times only part of it appears bright, and we always find that this is the part which faces towards the sun, while the part facing away from the sun appears dark.Artists could make their p
5、ictures better if they kept this in mindonly those parts of the moon which are lighted up by the sun are bright. This shows that the moon gives no light of its own.It merely reflects the light of the sun, like a huge mirror hung in the sky. 返回导航 我们发现月球距离地球大约239 000英里(384 551公里)，在几千英里 范围内，它的距离始终保持不变。
6、然而，很小(角度)的观察表明，月球 并不是静止的。它与地球的距离保持不变，但它的方向不断变化。我们 发现它绕着地球转圈，或者几乎是一个圆，一圈转一月，或者更确切地 说，一圈27又1/3天。它是我们在太空中最近的邻居，和我们一样，它被 地球的引力束缚在地球上。 除了太阳，月亮看起来是天空中最大的物体。实际上它是最小的， 看起来很大是因为它离我们太近了。它的直径只有2 160英里(3 476公 里)，也就是地球直径的四分之一多一点。 返回导航 一个月一次，或者更确切地说，每29.5天一次，在我们称之为“满 月”的时候，它的整个圆盘看起来很亮。在其他时候，只有一部分看起 来是明亮的，我们总是发现这是
7、面向太阳的部分，而不面向太阳的部分 看起来是黑暗的。如果艺术家们能记住这一点，他们的画就会变得更 好只有那些被太阳照亮的月球部分才是明亮的。这表明月球本身不 发光。它只是反射太阳光，就像挂在天空中的一面大镜子。 返回导航 词海拾贝 1observation n观察 2continually adv.持续地 3gravitational adj.引力的；重力引起的 4diameter n直径；对径；放大率；放大倍数 Section Listening and Speaking， Reading and Thinking 课内要点探究课内要点探究 随堂达标验收随堂达标验收 夯基提能作业夯基提能作业
8、 课前自主预习课前自主预习 返回导航 课前自主预习课前自主预习 返回导航 重点单词 1_ n宇航员；太空人 2_ n程序；步骤；手续 3_ adj. 精神的；思想的 4_ adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的 _ n. 智力； 才智； 智慧 5_ n火箭；火箭弹 6_ n重力；引力 7_ n. 边境；国界；边远地区 astronaut procedure mental intelligent intelligence rocket gravity frontier 返回导航 8_ n交通工具；车辆 9_ n. 宇宙；天地万物 _ adj. 普遍的； 全体的； 全世界的 10_ adj. 有决心
9、的；意志坚定的 _ vt.查明；确定；决定 _ n决心 11_ n人造卫星；卫星 12_ vt.& n. 发射；发起；上市 vehicle universe universal determined determine determination satellite launch 返回导航 13_ n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vt.& vi. 沿轨道运行；环绕运行 14_ adj. 巨大的；伟大的 n. 巨人；巨兽；伟人 15_ n. 跳跃；剧增；剧变 vi.& vt.跳过；跃过 16_ n人类 17_ n(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处 _ n. (企业、政治等的)
10、代理人，经纪人 18_ n. pl.资料；数据 orbit giant leap mankind agency agent data 返回导航 19_ adj. 失望的；沮丧的 _ adj.令人失望的 _ vt.使失望 _ n失望 20_ n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望 _ adj.渴望的，有欲望的 disappointed disappointing disappoint disappointment desire desirable 返回导航 21_ adv.独立地；自立地 _ adj. 独立的；自立的 _ n独立 _ adj.依靠的，依赖的 _ n信赖，依赖 _ v依靠；依赖 in
11、dependently independent independence dependent dependence depend 返回导航 22_ n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 23_ n. 太空行走；太空行走的时间 24_ n. 玉；翡翠；玉器 25_ vi.& vt.(两架航天器)对接；(使) 进港 n. 码头； 船坞 26_ vt. & vi. 标志着；标明；发信号 n. 信号；标志 _ n. 迹象； 征兆；手势 v签(名)；署(名)；打手势 spacecraft spacewalk jade dock signal sign 返回导航 重点短语 1carry _继续做，坚持干 2_ boar
12、d在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 3_ the hope of doing sth.抱着的希望 4so as _ (do sth.)为了；以便 5_ the age of在岁时 6graduate _从毕业 7_ the future在将来 8go _增长，上升；升起；被兴建；被建造；被焚毁 on on in to at from in up 返回导航 9come _下来，下降，倒塌 10look _抬头看；(在词典、计算机等中)查阅 11find _弄清楚；查明 12focus _集中(注意力，精力等) 13believe _相信；信任 14_ progress取得进步 15_ a shor
13、t time在很短时间内 down up out on in make in 返回导航 重点句型 1Before the mid-20th century，most people felt _ was an impossible dream. 在20世纪中期之前，大多数人都觉得去太空旅游是一个不可能实现 的梦想。 2These disasters _ everyone _，but the desire to explore the universe never died. 这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的渴望从未消 失。 travelling into space madesad
14、 and disappointed 返回导航 3Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will _ enable us to understand how the universe began, _ help us survive well into the future. 尽管困难重重，科学家希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙的起 源，而且还能帮助我们很好地活到未来。 not onlybut also 返回导航 课文理解 一、速读文章并完成下面的问题 Match the main idea of each pa
15、ragraph. Para.1AWhat people achieved in the past years. Para.2BWhy people dont stop exploring space despite risks. Para.3 CThe future exploration in space. Para.4DHuman beings always want to explore space. Para.5 EThe achievement which China has made. 答案：Para.15 DABEC 返回导航 二、细读文章并选出最佳答案 1Yang Liwei
16、successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou _ spacecraft in _. A2；2000B3；2001 C5；2003D1；2002 C C 返回导航 2Which statement is right according to the passage？_ ANobody thought it possible to travel into space before the mid-20th century. BOn 14 October 1957 the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR
17、. CChina became the third country to independently send humans into space. DDisasters in the space exploration made everyone sad but not disappointed. C 返回导航 3Despite risks, people continue to explore space because _. Awe want to establish more space stations Bwe plan to carry more brave people into
18、 space Cwe can provide a continuous human presence in space Dwe believe in the significance of space exploration D 返回导航 课内要点探究课内要点探究 返回导航 My aim was first of all to determine what I should do next. 我的目标首先是要确定自己下一步该做什么。 (2019天津高考)Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book. 在天知
19、道什么动机的驱使下，他决定写一本书。 His enemies are determined to ruin him. 他的敌人决意要毁了他。 重 点 单 词 1determine vt.查明；明确；决定 返回导航 (1)determine to do sth.决定/决心做某事 determine on (doing) sth.决定(做)某事 determine sb.to do sth.使某人下决心做某事 (2)determined adj.坚决的；有决心的 be determined to do sth.决心做某事 be determined that.决心 (3)determination
20、 n决心；决定 with determination坚决地 返回导航 单句语法填空 I have determined _ going to the countryside after graduating from college. He is _(determine) to take good care of his parents from now on. on determined 返回导航 The _(determine) expression on her face suggested that she wouldnt change her mind. Helen was a st
21、rong girl and she finally achieved her dream with great _(determine) (北京改编)_(determine) to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner” determined determination Determined 返回导航 单句写作 He _(下定决心好好利用) this chance to learn more about the Chine
22、se culture. Paul was fond of Chinese culture, so he _ (决定定居) in China. was determined to make good use of determined to settle 返回导航 一句多译 因为决心按时完成这项工作，他们立即着手工作。 _ the job on time, they set out to work immediately.(原因状语从句) _ the job on time, they set out to work immediately.(形容词短语作状语) Because they wer
23、e determined to complete Determined to complete 返回导航 The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down. 城市里挤满了失望的人们，他们不想在这里定居。 Adamski says he was very disappointed with the mayors decision. 阿达姆斯基说他对市长的决定非常失望。 2disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的 返回导航 I am disappointed in myself w
24、hen I think of how much time Ive wasted. 当想到我浪费了多少时间时，我对自己感到失望。 You must be disappointed at losing the chance. 失去这次机会，你肯定很失望。 返回导航 (1)be disappointed at/by sth.对某事失望 be disappointed in/with sb.对某人失望 be disappointed to do sth.因感到失望 (2)disappoint v. 使失望；使破灭，使落空 (3)disappointment n. U失望，C令人失望的人/事 (4)di
25、sappointing adj. 令人失望的，扫兴的(强调主语的行为或某事令 人失望) 返回导航 单句语法填空 Although I was _(disappoint) I couldnt keep the toys, I was somewhat proud to take them back. To my _(disappoint), his behaviour cause some misunderstanding between us. The teacher is disappointed _ Tonys attitude towards study. disappointed di
26、sappointment at/about 返回导航 We were greatly disappointed _(know) that she was absent. The fans were disappointed _ the film star when they learned some negative news about him on the website. The fans looked quite _(disappoint) when they heard the _(disappoint) result. to know in/with disappointed di
27、sappointing 返回导航 单句写作 The workers _(失望地发现) that they couldnt understand the instructions on the machine. We _(对感到失望) your previous behaviour. were disappointed to find are disappointed at/about 返回导航 If you desire physical activities, you can choose activities from swimming to horse riding. 如果你想参加体育运
28、动，你可以选择从游泳到骑马等活动。 They desire to help those who are in need of help. 他们渴望帮助那些需要帮助的人。 3desire n渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望 返回导航 She desires him to solve this problem. 她渴望他能解决这个问题。 She desires that he (should) stay with her. 她渴望他跟她待在一起。 Do you have an intense desire for truth and honesty? 你是否对真相、诚实有极强的渴望？ 返回导航 (1)d
29、esire sth.渴望得到某物 desire to do sth.希望做某事 desire sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事 desire that.希望(从句中用should do结构，should可以省略) (2)have a desire for sth.渴望得到某物 have a desire to do sth.渴望做某事 返回导航 单句语法填空 He desires _(join) the army and devote himself to the country. Several people have expressed a desire _(see) the re
30、port. (2020重庆巴蜀中学高一期末)Fashion is a competitive and hard business where peoples desire _ new ideas is hard to satisfy. At yesterdays meeting, the manager desired that the project _(finish) on time. to join to see for (should) be finished 返回导航 一句多译 在场的所有学生都渴望上重点大学。 All the students present _ _. (desir
31、e n) All the students present _.(desire v) All the students present desire that they _. have a strong desire to go to a key university desire to go to a key university (should) go to a key university 返回导航 Mozambique became independent in 1975. 莫桑比克于1975年获得独立。 4independent adj.独立的；自主的 返回导航 (1)be inde
32、pendent of不信赖；独立于之外 (2)independence n独立；自主 independence from sb./sth.从独立 (3)independently adv.独立地；自主地 (4)dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的 dependence n信赖，依赖 depend v依靠，依赖 返回导航 单句语法填空 Not only my spoken English, but also my ability to live _ (independent) has been improved a lot. All living things depend _ the s
33、un for their growth. Susan wanted to be independent _ her parents.She tried living alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home. A study abroad program can teach students _ (independent) and important life skills. independently on of independence 返回导航 单句写作 Now that you have grown up, you should
34、_(不 依赖) your parents. Many countries left and _(独立于) the empire in the 20th century. be independent of was/became independent from 返回导航 He signalled to the waiter for the bill. 他示意服务员结账。 He signalled her to stop the car. 他示意她停车。 Dont start yetwait for me to give the signal. 先别开始等我发信号。 A red light is
35、 usually a signal for/of danger. 红灯通常是危险的信号。 5signal vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n. 信号；标志 返回导航 (1)signal to sb.向某人发信号/示意 signal (to) sb.to do sth.示意某人做某事 signal with.用发信号 (2)a signal for sb.to do sth.某人做某事的信号 返回导航 signal, symbol, sign, mark 易混词区别 signal指为某一目的而有意发出的信号 symbol 表示“象征”或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物 sign指人们公认的事物的记
36、号，也可指“征兆，迹象” mark 既可指为方便辨认而有意做的“标记”，又可指自然形成的 标记或有别于其他事物的特征 返回导航 单句语法填空 The police seems to be _ (signal) to us with his arm. In order not to be heard, she pointed her finger upwards _ (signal) that someone was moving about upstairs. The far side of the moon is a rare quiet place that is free from in
37、terference from radio _(signal) from Earth. In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was _ signal for everyone to stand up. The judge signaled _ a police officer and the man was led away. signaling to signal signals a to 返回导航 选词填空(signal/sign/symbol/mark) In Chinese cultu
38、re, red is the _ of luck and happiness. You can make a _ where you cant understand. Chest pains can be a warning _ of heart problems. He walked up and down, a sure _ of becoming impatient. symbol mark signal sign 返回导航 The prices of houses have gone up. 房价已上涨。 New factories are going up everywhere. 到
39、处在兴建新工厂。 The whole building went up in flames. 整幢楼在大火中被焚毁了。 重 点 短 语 1go up上升；增长；升起；被兴建；被建造；被焚毁 返回导航 (1)go up by上升了(表示上升的程度或幅度) go up to上升到(表示上升后的结果) (2)go after追逐；追求 go against反对；违背；不利于 go ahead进行，进展；做吧，干吧 go along进展；继续 go by(时间)流逝 go over仔细检查 返回导航 go in for爱好；参加考试(或竞赛) go out出去；熄灭 go through仔细察看某事物
40、，检查某事物；经历，遭受；(法律、合 同等正式)通过 go down(物价等)下跌；(温度等)下降；(船等)下沉；(日、月)落到地 平线下，落下 go without勉强凑合；没有也行 返回导航 写出下列句中go up的含义 Several new malls are going up in the centre of this city._ It is predicted that food prices will continue to go up in the next few months._ 被建造 上涨 返回导航 用go的相关短语完成句子 Tall buildings are _
41、along the new road leading to the downtown area. I didnt _ poetry before, but now Im beginning to take an interest in it. As time _，he finds it important to learn another foreign language. The woman biologist had stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. She must have
42、_ a lot! going up go in for goes by gone through 返回导航 单句语法填空 To get a better grade，you should go _ the notes again before the test. I was in the middle of packing up my things when suddenly the power went _ in the neighborhood. over out 返回导航 She looked up from her books as I entered the room. 我进房间时，
43、她放下书，抬起头来看了看。 If there are words you do not understand，look them up in a dictionary. 如果有不懂的单词就查字典。 2look up抬头看；(在词典、计算机等中)查阅 返回导航 look after照料；照顾 look ahead展望未来 look around环顾；四下看 look at看；检查 look back on回忆 look down upon/on瞧不起 look into调查；审查 返回导航 单句语法填空 They look down _ this kind of work. When I loo
44、k back _ 2014，Im proud of what we have achieved. When I came in，he was focusing on his novel and didnt look _. upon/on on up 返回导航 The discussion focused on three main problems. 讨论集中在三个主要问题上。 All eyes were focused on the speaker. 大家的目光都集中在发言人身上。 3focus on集中(注意力、精力等)于 返回导航 “集中注意力于/全神贯注于”表达法集锦： concent
45、rate (ones mind/attention) on be buried/absorbed/lost in keep ones mind on focus/fix ones mind/attention on lose oneself in/bury oneself in 返回导航 单句语法填空 She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to focus _ her studies. Catherine was seated in the sofa, totally absorbed _ the b
46、ook about youth and dreams. on/upon in 返回导航 完成句子 I cant _ _ _ the book with him singing next door. 由于他在隔壁唱歌，我不能集中注意力看书。 f o c u s o n / u p o n 或 k e e p m y m i n d o n 或 concentrate(my attention/mind) on或focus/fix my mind/attention on或be buried/absorbed/lost in或lose/bury myself in 返回导航 After the m
47、eal, the managers went back to the meeting room to carry on their discussion. 吃完饭后经理们回到会议室继续他们的讨论。 Whatever difficulty we meet with, we will carry on with the project. 不管遇到什么困难，我们都将继续这项工程。 We all carried on singing as if nothing odd was happening. 我们继续歌唱，就像什么怪事也没发生过一样。 4carry on继续做，坚持干 返回导航 (1)carry
48、 on doing sth.继续做某事 carry on with sth.继续某事 (2)carry构成的其他短语： carry out实施，执行(指示、命令等)，完成(任务) carry sth.through(克服困难后)把进行到底，完成 carry sb.through使某人渡过难关 返回导航 单句语法填空 Having read stories of Lin Qiaozhi, the girl was determined to carry _ with her good work. (湖北改编)He gave himself a new name to hide his ident
49、ity when he went to carry _ the secret task. Youll have an accident if you carry on _(drive) like that. He asked us to assist him in carrying _ his plan. on out driving through/out 返回导航 用carry短语的适当形式填空 Although faced with so many difficulties, they still _ their research. The support of her mother _
50、 Jane Goodall _ and she devoted herself to the study of chimps. After two trials，we began to _ the task. The team will have to _ without Professor Smith. carry on with carriedthrough carry out carry on 返回导航 He was studying in the hope of being admitted to an engineering college. 他努力学习，希望能被一所工程学院录取。
