1、 定语：定语： 11. This is the book that I need. 10. There are two things to be discussed tomorrow 9. I liked the food cooked by my mother. Retired people have a good time at home. 8. The swimming boy is my brother. The boy swimming in the river is my brother. 7. The man under the tree is my teacher 6. Mot
2、her made a birthday cake for me 5. Lucys father is a poor worker 4. We belong to the third world. 3. My brother is a teacher. 2. They live in the room above. 1. Its a red car The girl present is my sister.（形容词）（形容词） (副词）副词） （代词）（代词） （数词）（数词） （名词所有格（名词所有格/形容词）形容词） （名词）（名词） （介词短语）（介词短语） （现在分词）（现在分词） （
3、过去分词）（过去分词） （不定式）（不定式） （从句）（从句） 1. 定语：可以是一个定语：可以是一个单词单词，一个，一个短语短语，一个，一个句子句子。 2. 名词名词是可以修饰名词的。是可以修饰名词的。 3. 动词：动词：作定语有作定语有Ving，V-ed和和to do三种形式。三种形式。 4. 定语只对名词或代词起定语只对名词或代词起修饰修饰作用，我们无法从定语中得知作用，我们无法从定语中得知 名词或代词的名词或代词的具体内容具体内容。 部分形容词和副词部分形容词和副词 修饰修饰不定代词不定代词的形容词的形容词: something important 介词短语介词短语 现在分词短语现在分
4、词短语 过去分词短语过去分词短语 to do不定式不定式 大部分定语从句大部分定语从句 心得：心得： 后置定语：后置定语： He is the boy (who/that often goes to school late). 先行词先行词关系词关系词 These are the trees (which/that were planted last year). 先行词先行词关系词关系词 关系关系代词代词: who, whom, which, that, whose 可做可做主语、宾语、定语主语、宾语、定语 关系关系副词副词: where, when, why, the way 可做可做状语
5、状语 A. 当先行词是当先行词是物物时时, 定语从句定语从句缺主语或宾语缺主语或宾语，用，用which/that引导。引导。 These are the trees (which/that were planted last year). Is this the library (which/that) you borrow books from)? Is this the library (from which you borrow books)? 注意：注意：1. 作作宾语宾语可省略可省略, 如如介词提前介词提前则不能省。则不能省。 2. 介词提前介词提前时，时，只能用只能用which不能
6、用不能用that。 B. 当先行词是当先行词是人人时时, 定语从句定语从句缺主语或宾语缺主语或宾语，用，用who/that引导。引导。 A person (who/that steals things is called a thief). The man (who/whom/that) I talked to) is our teacher. The man (to whom I talked) is our teacher. 注意：注意：1. whom指人，只作宾语，可省略，如介词提前则不能省。指人，只作宾语，可省略，如介词提前则不能省。 2. 介词提前介词提前时，时，只能用只能用whom
7、。 D. 当引导词作定语从句的当引导词作定语从句的表语表语时常用时常用that。 She isnt the little girl (that she used to be.) C. whose作定语。作定语。whose在疑问句中，它用来指在疑问句中，它用来指人人， 但在定语从句中但在定语从句中指人或物指人或物均可。均可。 Whose book is this? I know the girl (whose mother is a teacher). Look at the room (whose window is broken). 在定从中，先行词为在定从中，先行词为物物时时，以下，以下2
8、种情况种情况只能用只能用 which。 1. 介词后面介词后面: 介词介词+关系代词关系代词 This is the factory (in which my father works). The tall tree (behind which lies a big stone) is still there. 注意：注意：介词介词的选择，要看从句的选择，要看从句动词的固定搭配，动词的固定搭配，或者分析或者分析句子句子的意思。的意思。 2. 逗号后面逗号后面, 即非限制性定语从句即非限制性定语从句 I have a book, which is very interesting. I was
9、late for school again, which made the teacher angry. 在定语从句中，先行词为在定语从句中，先行词为物物的情况下，以下几种情况的情况下，以下几种情况只能用只能用that: 1. 先行词被先行词被序数词序数词或形容词或形容词最高级最高级修饰时。修饰时。 Its the first time (that I have been here). This is the best book (that I have ever read). 2. 先行词为先行词为不定代词不定代词, 或先行词或先行词由由不定代词修饰不定代词修饰时。时。 如如: the on
10、es, all, few, little, any, much, every, something, anything, everything等等. That is all (that I want to know). Do you have anything (that you want to tell me). The most energetic and important festivals are the ones (that look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring). He mentioned all t
11、he books(that were laid on the table). 4. 先行词有先行词有the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时。等修饰时。 It is the very dictionary (that I need). This is the only book (that I am interested in). 5. 先行词既有先行词既有人人又有又有物物，人和物合做先行词时。人和物合做先行词时。 He talked about the teachers and schools (that he had visited). 在定语从
12、句中，先行词为在定语从句中，先行词为人人时时，当先行词是当先行词是 he, people, those等代词时，引导词常用等代词时，引导词常用who。 He (who does not reach the Great Wall) is not a true man. Those (who are for me), put up your hands. Ill never forget the people (who have helped me). 1. one of the students的用法的用法 She is the only one of the students (who is
13、in the room). 有了有了the only，则后面，则后面who指指单数单数。 She is one of the students, (who are in the room). 没有没有the only，则后面，则后面who指指复数复数。 2. reason后面的后面的定从定从，缺，缺状语状语时用时用why引导，缺引导，缺宾语宾语时用时用that引导。引导。 She told us the reason (why she had come here late). This is the reason (that he told us yesterday). 3. and破坏了定语
14、从句破坏了定语从句 They are students, (one of whom is from England). They are students, and one of them is from England. Maria has written two novels, (both of which have been made into television series). 1. Our last stop is a gift shop where you can buy all kinds of presents for your family and friends. 2.
15、 Some students waste much time on the Internet, which will do harm to their study at school. 3. This is a book, from which we get a lot of information. 4. The next morning we visited the Birds Nest, in front of which we took a lot of pictures. 5. The topic, to which we devoted a full discussion is to be presented to our teacher at class. 6. Last month part of South-east Asia was struck by floods, from whose effects the people are still suffering. 7. The web can help us make a lot of friends, with whom we can easily share our ideas and feelings.
