1、刷题课时练 11Unit 4Section Discovering Useful Structures 阅读理解 A Its 11 pm., and Im still sitting here writing this article for the school magazine! Ive had two weeks to write it, and my teacher, Julia, wants it tomorrow. Shes always complaining (抱怨) that I leave things till the last minute. Maybe shes ri
2、g ht. A month ago I made a decision to be more efficient (有 效率的) this year. Well, Ive clearly failed. Ive also been tryin g to get fitter for four weeks now. Ive started going to the he alth club. Ive even been going to bed earlier. But Im not feel ing any fitter, just a little unhappier. I miss my
3、bad habits. W hy is leading a better life so hard? Ive just read an article on a website, and Ive discovered that it isnt my fault (过错)! In fact, it isnt anyones fault. Its our brains. Its programmed to make it difficult to break bad habits. Theres nothing we can do. Scientists have done experi ment
4、s that show we use one part of our brain when we think about ourselves and another when we think about other people. However, when we think about ourselves in the future, we us e the same part of the brain that we usually use to think abou t other people. In other words, the brain sees the “future y
5、o u” as a different person than your “present you.” Thats wh y we dont always find it easy to make good decisions for our selves in the future. But thats not all. Scientists have also discovered that it ta kes around ten weeks to form a good habit. Thats the amount (数量) of time the brain needs to ac
6、cept new behavioral patte rns (形式). The good news is that once you make it to ten we eks, everything becomes a lot easier. The bad news is that ten weeks is a really long time, so its easy to give up what you want to do before then. So even when we want to change our ways and become better people, o
7、ur brains wont let us. Or is this just an excuse? Look Ive finished my article on time! Anything is possibl e! 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者分析了为何习惯不 容易被改变。 1In Julias eyes, what kind of person is the author? AA bit lazy.BQuite smart. CVery healthy.DTruly honest. 答案与解析：A推理判断题。由第一段中的“Julia. alwa ys complaining th
8、at I leave things till the last minute”可知， 作者总是把事情拖到最后时刻才做，故在老师 Julia 眼里，他有 点懒散。 2What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? AWhy we cant have a better life. BHow our brain sees ourselves in the future. CHow our brain helps us make good decisions. DWhy it is not easy for us to change our habits. 答案与解析：D段
9、落大意题。由第二段可知，作者想改掉 以前的习惯却发现很难。第三段承接上段内容，由其中的“Its our brains. Its programmed to make it difficult to break bad h abits”可知， 作者在本段介绍他看到的一篇关于大脑在人们做决 定时如何运转的文章， 旨在告诉读者为何改变旧的习惯是如此之 难。 3According to scientists, in order to form the habit of ta king exercise, the author needs to take about _. Aanother two we
10、eksBanother four weeks Canother six weeksDanother ten weeks 答案与解析：C推理判断题。由第二段中的“Ive also be en trying to get fitter for four weeks now”和倒数第二段中的 “Scientists have also discovered that it takes around ten week s to form a good habit”可知，根据科学家的研究，已锻炼四周 的作者，再需要大约六周的时间就能养成锻炼的好习惯。 B Australia was first used
11、 as an island prison by Britain to solve their problem of having a fast growing prison population. These early settlers were those who were sent from all over Great Britain, including Ireland, Wales, and Scotland. Later eve nts, such as the gold rush, caused several waves of immigratio n (移居) from E
12、urope, Asia and other parts of the world. It is commonly thought that Australians are offspring (后代) of tho se criminals (罪犯)! In fact, only a part of Australians are thos e criminals offspring. Also, in those days, people could be put into prison or sent to Australia for small crimes, like stealing
13、 a loaf of bread. Today Australia is home to the largest Greek and Italian communities in the world, outside Greece and Italy. This has helped the Australian accent develop. Australian English was created by the first generation o f children born in the new area. Since they talked with people who ha
14、ve different accents, they began to speak a distinct dia lect of English that was to become the language of the nation. These differences were first noted by late arrivals in the early 1800s, and the language sounds like Cockney English, spoken by the workingclass in London. Soon, words from native
15、languages were to become pa rt of the Australian English. Here are some words you may co nsider them to be Standard English. In fact, they are from nati ve Australian languages! The names of many places and animals, including C anberra (the Australian capital, meaning “meeting place” in a local lang
16、uage) Hard yakka meaning “hard work”， coming fro m the language of the Brisbane area. Cooee a call used traditionally by native Australi ans to attract attention, because the sound can travel long dista nces. Bung meaning “dead”，but also used to mean broken or useless, for example, “He has a bung ey
17、e” 【语篇解读】 澳大利亚英语是怎么发展而来的呢？有哪些 词是从土著语转变过来的呢？本文简单介绍了其历史和一些土 著词汇。 4What is commonly believed according toParagraph 1? AAustralians are offspring of those criminals. BSome Australians are children of thosecriminals. CSmall crimes meant going to prison in Australia. DAustralians are offspring of the Brit
18、ish people. 答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第一段的“It is commo nly thought that Australians are offspring of those criminals！ ” 可知，人们普遍认为澳大利亚人是那些罪犯的后代。 5What does the underlined word “distinct”in Parag raph 2 mean? AInteresting.BDifferent. CBeautiful.DDifficult. 答案与解析：B词义猜测题。根据第二段的“These differ ences were first noted
19、by late arrivals in the early 1800s.”可 知，画线词在这里意为“不同的”。 6What do the words mentioned in the last paragraph hav e in common? AThey are all Standard English. BThey all mean places and animals. CThey are only used by Australians. DThey are all from native Australian languages. 答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第三段的“. wor
20、ds fr om native languages were to become part of the Australian En glish.”可知，这些词都是来自澳大利亚的土著语言。 C I traveled to London, England in the spring of 2016. Actu ally, I traveled with CAPA International Education on a study program. At that time, I did a full threemonth program but I traveled on weekends a
21、nd during breaks. I used to live in a small town outside New York. The idea of big cities has always excited me and I wanted to tak e advantage of that onceinalifetime opportunity. It was a gre at opportunity for me to see how independent I could be in an other country, because I hope to travel a lo
22、t more in the futur e. I lived in a flat in Ealing Broadway with several other students from different American schools. The biggest surprise I found there was the culture shock I experienced. I had expe cted traveling to London to be an easy transition (转变) for m e because I thought their culture w
23、as close to that of America. But you know the language and the people were greatly diffe rent from what I had expected. They had different accents. In fact, they were noisy and more freethinking than most Americ ans I knew. However, I tried to take part in their giant Chinese Ne w Year celebration i
24、n Trafalgar Square. I went to several Jewis h society holiday celebrations and actively participated in any c ultural activities I knew at that time. It was great to be able t o truly put myself in their culture. These are experiences I cou ldnt get anywhere else. I would suggest people hoping to fo
25、llow in my footstep s not let anything hold them back from exploring the foreign c ultures presented to them. Yes, you are there for school, but y our number one priority (优先) is yourself. So make sure you go home with no regrets. Do not miss anything! 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在去英国参 加学习项目期间，利用周末和假期旅游，努力融
26、入当地文化，并 且感受到了将学习与探索外国文化融为一体的重要意义。 7What was the authors main purpose in goingto Lo ndon? ATo go sightseeing. BTo visit some relatives. CTo join in a study program. DTo experience the life in a big city. 答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段“I traveled to London, England in the spring of 2016. Actually, I traveled wit
27、h CAPA International Education on a study program.”可知， 作 者去伦敦的主要目的是参加一个学习项目。 8What did the author think of the opportunityof trav eling to London? AIt would change his life. BIt would test his independence. CIt would make his dream come true. DIt would help improve his communication ability. 答案与解析：B
28、细节理解题。根据第二段“It was a great opportunity for me to see how independent I could be in ano ther country.”可知，我把赴英国学习的机会看作对自己独立能 力的一次检验。 9 What was beyond the authors expectation after arriving in London? ACulture differences.BUnfriendly students. CHis living conditions.DSome strange accents. 答案与解析：A细节理解题
29、。根据第三段“The biggest s urprise I found there was the culture shock I experienced.”可 知，作者在英国经历的文化冲击是作者意料之外的。 10In the last paragraph, the author mainly advises peopl e studying abroad to _. Aexplore more interesting places for traveling Btry to receive more international education Ccombine study with exploring foreign cultures Dlook for more ways to deal with the culture shock 答案与解析：C写作意图题。在最后一段，作者建议那些 希望像他一样赴英国学习的人们不要让任何事情阻止他们探索 呈现在他们面前的外国文化。
