1、1 阅读 P6869教材课文，选择最佳答案。 1Why did many people get puzzled and disturbed? ABecause they didnt speak of birds again. BBecause the feeding stations were destroyed. CBecause most birds were gone. DBecause birds voices were unusual. 2What can we learn about Rachel Carson? AShe was born in 1962. BShe was a
2、writer by profession. CShe thought pesticides were harmful. DShe used too many pesticides daily. 3What caused a great increase in the awareness of protecting the environment? ACarsons research. BThe fireant program. CThe green movement. DSome gypsy moths. 4Who supported Carsons research strongly? AM
3、ost writers. BMost scientists. CMost critics. DMost officials. 答案14CCAB WordsAnd Phrases 知识要点 1 dozen n./number 一打；许多 ( 教 材 P69)The book also gives dozens of other examples of eradication programmes that did nothing to reduce the problems they were originally designed to 2 solve. 该书还列举了许多其他的实例来说明一些根
4、除方案根本没有采取任何措施 来减少它们原本要解决的问题。 例 1Id like three dozen altogether. 我一共想要 3 打。 例 2Dozens of people have been injured and many vehicles set on fire. 很多人受了伤，很多汽车起火。 造句他已在这儿住了 24 年。 He has lived here for two dozen years. 知识拓展 by the dozen按打计算；大量地 dozens of许多的 即学即练单句语法填空 On her birthday，she always receives
5、cards by the dozen. Dozens(dozen)of miles of railway track have been torn up. If you buy a dozen of these tins，we can take 5 percent off the price. 名师点津 (1)与具体数字连用时，不加复数词尾s；若后接名词，通常也无需用介词 of。 (2)若不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要加复数词 尾s，而且要后接介词 of，然后才能接名词。如： There were dozens of people there.那里有许多人。 (3)当与
6、a few，several，many 等数目不很具体的词或词组连用时，带不带复 数词尾s 均可，但是注意：若不带复数词尾s，其后的介词 of 可以省略；若带 复数词尾s，则其后介词 of 不能省略。如： several dozens of eggsseveral dozen eggs 几打鸡蛋 (4)若其后的名词被 the，these，those 等特指限定词的修饰，或其后接的是 us，them 等人称代词时，则此时必须用介词 of。如： a dozen of his friends 他的 12 个朋友 two dozen of them 它们中的 24 个 3 知识要点 2 precise
7、adj.精确的；一丝不苟的 (教材 P69)The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carsons sources， showing how thorough and precise she was as a scientist. 书的最后 50 页左右列出了卡森的资料来源，显示了她作为一名科学家是多 么地缜密和一丝不苟。 例 1Alawyer needs a precise mind. 律师需要有缜密的思考能力。 例 2There were not manyfive，to be precise. 数量不多准确地说，只有五个。 造句她给了我
8、清晰而准确的指示。 She gave me clear and precise directions. 知识拓展 (1)to be precise准确地说，确切地说 be precise about.方面准确 (2)precisely adv.精确地；恰好；细心地 more precisely更确切地说 即学即练单句语法填空 The shelf is about a metre longwell，98 cm，to be(be)precise. The problem is due to discipline，or，more precisely(precise)，the lack of disc
9、ipline，in schools. You have to be precise about the numbers. 小片段填空 Not only can a cells motions be precisely controlled with the device，but it can also provide very precise measurements of a cells position. 知识要点 3 ban vt.禁止，取缔 n.禁令 ( 教 材 P69)Its impact was immediate and farreaching: the use of DDT w
10、as banned and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)was established in the US. 它的巨大影响是立刻显现的和深远的： DDT 的使用被禁止， 环境保护署(EPA) 在美国成立。 例 1Britains health experts are pushing for a ban on all cigarette 4 advertising. 英国的健康专家正努力争取取缔任何形式的香烟广告。 例 2Smoking is now banned in many places of work. 现在许多工作场所禁止吸烟。 造
11、句老师严禁他在课上讲话。 The teacher banned him from talking in class. 知识拓展 (1)ban sth.禁止(做)某事 ban sb.from (doing)sth.禁止(某人)做某事 (2)a ban on/against sth.对的禁令 place/put.under a ban禁止 即学即练单句语法填空 Chemical weapons are banned(ban)internationally. They are banned from swimming(swim)in the river. There is a ban on/agai
12、nst smoking in all indoor public places. The new rule has put/placed smoking under a ban. 名师点津 “禁止某人做某事”的表达： ban sb.from doing sth. prohibit sb.from doing sth. forbid sb.from doing sth. forbid sb.to do sth. 知识要点 4 launch n推出，发起；使(船)下水；发动；发射 (教材 P69)Silent Spring was therefore regarded as a milestone
13、 in the launch of the green movement in the Western world. 因此， 寂静的春天被认为是西方世界发起绿色运动的里程碑。 例 1The launch of their new machines in this factory received much media coverage. 这个工厂投产的新机器广获传媒报道。 例 2Are you at the launch of the new ship? 5 新船下水时你在场吗？ 造句我昨天看了火箭发射。 I saw the launch of the rocket yesterday. 知识
14、拓展 (1)the launch of(火箭)的发射；(船)下水；(新产品)投产 (2)launch into(积极热情地)开始，着手 launch out开创，启动(新而难的事) 即学即练单句语法填空 She launched into an explanation of how the machine worked. Shes decided she has enough experience to launch out on her own. She is signing copies of her book at the official launch. Sentence Patter
15、n 重点句式 more.than.与其说倒不如说 (教材 P69)Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific. 一些人还说，她的工作更多的是情感上的，而不是科学上的。 句式分析：句中 more.than.意思为“与其说倒不如说”；另外， 此结构意思还可以是“比多，比更”。 例 1The book seems to be more a dictionary than one on grammar. 与其说这是本语法书，倒不如说是一本词典。 例 2It is more a lyric than a folk sto
16、ry. 与其说这是个民间故事，不如说是首抒情诗。 造句众所周知，行动比语言更有力度。 As we all know，actions are more powerful than words. 知识拓展 (1)no more.than.与一样不 not more.than.不如；不及 (2)more than超过；不止 more than one单数名词，意为“不止一个”，在语意上虽为复数，但 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 6 (3)more than 基数词多于；超出（相当于 over） 名词不仅仅（相当于 not only） 形容词/副词非常；很（相当于 very） 从句超出 即学即练完成句子
17、 This book is not more difficult than that one. 这本书不如那本书难。 Hes no more able to read Spanish than I am. 他和我都不懂西班牙语。 He is more than a writer; he is also a professor. 他不仅仅是位作家，还是一名教授。 小片段填空 She is more a producer than an actress in this film.And she had to do more than others，which makes her more than
18、 tired. 词义猜测题 词义猜测题主要考查考生猜测文章中某个生词、短语或词块的含义，或考查 该词(块)能被哪个单词、短语或词块代替。此外，也会涉及某一个熟词在不同语 境中的不同含义。 【例文】 But this summer I find myself at a loss.Im not quite interested in Balzac，say， or“TristramShandy.”TheresalwaysWarandPeace， which Ive covered some distance several times ，only to get bogged down in the
19、“War”part， set it aside for a while ，andrealizethat I have to startover from the beginning again，having forgotten everyones name and social rank .How appealing to simply fall back on a favoriteonce more into“The Waves”or“Justine， ”which feels almost like cheating，too exciting and too much fun to pro
20、perly belong in serious literature. What do the underlined words“get bogged down”mean? 7 AGet confused. BBe carried away. CBe interrupted. DMake no progress. 解题关键 词义猜测主要是从“已知”得出“未知”，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其 是该词语前后的内容)进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测。 解题思路 Step 1：快速查找与猜测相关的信息句 (中句) Step 2：详读作者在读“战争”部分时几次合上书，把书放到一边，之 后不得不再
21、次从头开始阅读。 Step 3：尝试解答由信息句可判断出，句中画线的“get bogged down” 指的是陷入困境，停滞不前，没有进展。与 make no progress 同义，故选 D。 针对性练习 A Education takes time.We could insist that everyone study fulltime until the age of 45 but that would surely be too much.And perhaps half the population studying until theyre 21 is also too much.
22、As for universities，they consume financial and intellectual resourcesperhaps those resources might be better spent elsewhere. Whats the meaning of the word“consume”？ AUse.BProvide. CDelight.DRaise. A词义猜测题。根据“Education takes time.”可知，教育要占用时间，再 结合画线词后的“financial and intellectual resources”可知， 大学占用大量财政
23、和 智力资源，由此可知画线词词义为“占用、使用”，故 A 项正确。 B But a year ago when my relationship with my wife and career took a hit，I needed my dad to pull back the curtain so I could see him as real and accessible.I was facing serious problems，and I wanted to know whether he had faced them before and how he had found his w
24、ay，because I felt like I had lost mine.In desperation，it 8 occurred to me that sending an email might be the key， so I wrote him one， telling him about my regrets and fears，and I asked him to answer，if he felt like it. The underlined part can be best replaced by_ Adraw the curtain Bbecome more optim
25、istic Cshow his true self Dclear the misunderstanding C词义猜测题。 根据“But a year ago when my relationship with my wife and career took a hit，I needed my dad to pull back the curtain so I could see him as real and accessible.但一年前，当我与妻子和事业的关系受到打击时，我需要父亲拉开 帷幕，让我看到他是真实的、平易近人的”，可推知，需要父亲拉开帷幕则意为 “展示真实的自己”。故 C 选
26、项正确。 C The global figures reveal that even the Americans put Britain to shame when it comes to taking exercise.Britain has one of the most sedentary populations on the earth ， with almost twice the proportion of people defined as “ inactive ” as in neighboring France.In the UK ， 63.3 percent of the
27、population fails to meet recommended levels of physical activity，increasing their risk of conditions such as heart disease ， diabetes and cancer.By contrast ，40.5 percent of US citizens are inactive，despite more than 30 percent of them being obese. Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlined word“sedentary”？ AProud.BInactive. CSilent.DEnergetic. B根据画线词所在句的下半句“with almost twice the proportion of people defined asinactiveas in neighboring France”几乎是邻国法国被定义为不活 跃的人口比例的两倍”可知，英国是拥有地球上最不活跃的人口的国家之一。 故划线词 sedentary 与 inactive 最接近。故 B 选项正确。
