1、Discovering Useful Structures Unit 1 Teenage Life 1.The first week was a little confusing. 2.The building is so big that Im completely lost. 3.The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate. 4.Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate. 5.The new coach
2、 told me that I didnt play well enough. 6.My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast! 主 谓 宾 宾补 主 系 表 主 系 表 主 系 表 主 谓 状语 主 谓 状语 状语 主 谓 宾 宾 主 系 表 主 谓 状 1.The first week was a little confusing. 2.The building is so big that Im completely lost. 3.The kids over there are putting
3、something on a round paper plate. 4.Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate. 5.The new coach told me that I didnt play well enough. 6.My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast! a little confusing so big completely lost very confusing Adjecti
4、ve Phrase(AdjP) 形容词短语 1.含义：形容词短语是指以一个含义：形容词短语是指以一个_为为 中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于一个形中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于一个形 容词。容词。 形容词形容词 Adjective Phrase(AdjP) 形容词短语 1.含义：含义：形容词短语是指以一个形容词短语是指以一个_为中心构成的短语，为中心构成的短语， 在句中的功能相当于一个形容词。在句中的功能相当于一个形容词。 形容词形容词 2. 构成：构成：形容词短语是由形容词短语是由形容词形容词或或形容词形容词+修饰语修饰语构成的。构成的。 （1）形容词形容词+形容词形容词（两个或多个形
5、容词可以由（两个或多个形容词可以由and,or,but等连词连接）等连词连接） large and beautiful 大且漂亮的大且漂亮的 young but wise 年轻但智慧的年轻但智慧的 （2）副词副词+形容词形容词 very hot 非常热的非常热的 quite good 相当好的相当好的 a little dirty 有点脏的有点脏的 extremely difficult 极其困难的极其困难的 （3）形容词形容词+介词短语介词短语 full of water 装满水的装满水的 suitable for the job 适合这份工作的适合这份工作的 3. 语法功能：语法功能： T
6、he bridge is long and wide. The old lady is very kind. You must keep the room clean and tidy. I think he is a man suitable for the job. In the corner, we saw a boy full of fear. He stood there, cold and hungry. 表语 表语 宾补 定语 定语 伴随状语 形容词短语可充当表语，形容词短语可充当表语，定语，状语和宾语补足语定语，状语和宾语补足语 The bridge is long and w
7、ide. The old lady is very kind. You must keep the room clean and tidy. I think he is a man suitable for the job. In the corner, we saw a boy full of fear. He stood there, cold and hungry. 1.The first week was a little confusing. 2.The building is so big that Im completely lost. 3.The kids over there
8、 are putting something on a round paper plate. 4.Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate. 5.The new coach told me that I didnt play well enough. 6.My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast! quite quickly well enough so fast Adverb Phrase(Adv
9、P) 副词短语 1.含义：副词短语是指以一个含义：副词短语是指以一个_为中心为中心 构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于一个副词。构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于一个副词。 副词副词 Adverb Phrase(AdvP) 副词短语 1.含义：含义：副词短语是指以一个副词短语是指以一个_为中心构成的为中心构成的 短语，在句中的功能相当于一个副词。短语，在句中的功能相当于一个副词。 副词副词 2. 构成：构成： （1）副词副词+副词副词（两个或多个副词可以由（两个或多个副词可以由and,but等连词连接）等连词连接） quickly and correctly 快且准确地快且准确地 slowly but
10、 steadily 缓慢但稳步地缓慢但稳步地 （2）副词副词+中心副词中心副词（very,quite,extremely等副词修饰其他副词等副词修饰其他副词） quite well 相当好地相当好地 very clearly 非常清楚地非常清楚地 extremely carefully 极其小心地极其小心地 She learnt the new skill very quickly. He drives extremely carefully. The dress is rather too small for her. He speaks much too slowly. Very luck
11、ily, he was not in the house then. She learnt the new skill very quickly. He drives extremely carefully. The dress is rather too small for her. He speaks much too slowly. Very luckily, he was not in the house then. 3. 语法功能：语法功能： 修饰动词 修饰动词 修饰形容词 修饰副词 修饰句子 副词短语可修饰动词、形容词和副词，甚至句子副词短语可修饰动词、形容词和副词，甚至句子 特别
12、提醒 副词副词enough在修饰形容词或副词构成在修饰形容词或副词构成 形容词短语或副词短语时，一般放在所修形容词短语或副词短语时，一般放在所修 饰的形容词或副词饰的形容词或副词后面后面。 The room is big enough. The family is rich enough. He spoke clearly enough. They have done well enough in the match. 1.The first week was a little confusing. 2.The building is so big that Im completely los
13、t. 3.The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate. 4.Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly, and she can do well in the debate. 5.The new coach told me that I didnt play well enough. 6.My first French class was very confusing. The teacher spoke so fast! the first week the building
14、 the kids over there the new coach my first French class the teacher Noun Phrase(NP) 名词短语 1.含义：名词短语是指以一个含义：名词短语是指以一个_为中心为中心 构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于一个名词。构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于一个名词。 名词名词 1.限定词限定词 2.形容词形容词 4.不定式短语不定式短语 5.分词短语分词短语 1.介词短语介词短语 2.形容词短语形容词短语 3.定语从句定语从句 6.同位语（从句）同位语（从句） 核心 名词 to do 过去分词：过去分词：done 现在分词：现在分词
15、：doing 名词短语结构图 “左三右六” 3.描述性名词描述性名词 1.限定词限定词 2.形容词形容词 核心 名词 修饰语前置型 3.描述性名词描述性名词 （1）限定词）限定词+名词名词 a girl the girl that girl three students the first student my books some books other books 限定词限定词是放在是放在名词前面名词前面，用来限定名词所指，用来限定名词所指范围范围的词语。对名的词语。对名 词起词起泛指泛指或或特指特指作用，表示作用，表示确定数量确定数量或或不确定数量不确定数量的修饰成分。的修饰成分。 主要
16、包括：主要包括： 冠词冠词 (a,an,the) 指示代词指示代词 (this,that,these,those等等) 物住代词物住代词 (my,your,his,our,their等等) 不定代词不定代词 (some,no,every,other等等) 数词数词 (one, two, five, first ,second等等) （2）形容词形容词+名词名词 small eyes 小眼睛小眼睛 clean water 干净的水干净的水 blue sky 蓝色的天空蓝色的天空 （3）描述性名词）描述性名词+名词名词 coffee cup 咖啡杯咖啡杯 shoe factory 鞋厂鞋厂 pap
17、er flowers 纸花纸花 winter clothes 冬季服装冬季服装 flower shop花店花店 4.不定式短语不定式短语 5.分词短语分词短语 1.介词短语介词短语 2.形容词短语形容词短语 3.定语从句定语从句 6.同位语（从句）同位语（从句） 核心 名词 to do 过去分词：过去分词：done 现在分词：现在分词：doing 修饰语后置型 （1）名词）名词+介词短语介词短语 the kids (in the park) the students (on campus) the key (to the door) the answer (to the question) a
18、 girl (with long hair) a man (without a job) a gift (for my birthday) books (for children) the weather (of the city) 在公园里的小孩在公园里的小孩 在校园里的学生在校园里的学生 这扇门的钥匙这扇门的钥匙 这个问题的答案这个问题的答案 留着长发的一个女孩子留着长发的一个女孩子 没有工作的一个人没有工作的一个人 给我的生日礼物给我的生日礼物 儿童读物儿童读物 这座城市的天气这座城市的天气 （3）名词）名词+定语从句定语从句 a girl (who is good at English
19、) a place (which is famous in China) workers (that work day and night) （2）名词）名词+形容词短语形容词短语 a man (suitable for the job) a girl (lucky enough) the boy (anxious to know the result) 一个适合这份工作的人一个适合这份工作的人 一个很幸运的女孩子一个很幸运的女孩子 一个擅长英语的女孩一个擅长英语的女孩 一个在中国很出名的地方一个在中国很出名的地方 日夜劳作的工人们日夜劳作的工人们 迫切想知道结果的那个男孩子迫切想知道结果的那
20、个男孩子 （4）名词）名词+不定式不定式 a letter (to write) some words (to say) a lady (to get married) a group (to visit our school next week) 一封要写的信一封要写的信 一些要说的话一些要说的话 一位即将结婚的女士一位即将结婚的女士 一个将到我们学习参观的团体一个将到我们学习参观的团体 （5）名词）名词+分词分词 a girl (singing well) the students (reading in the classroom) the man (playing basketball
21、 well) a book (written by Rose) the thief (caught by the police) houses (broken by the earthquake) 唱歌很好听的一个女孩子唱歌很好听的一个女孩子 在教室里读书的学生在教室里读书的学生 篮球打得很好的那个人篮球打得很好的那个人 罗斯写的一本书罗斯写的一本书 被警察抓住的那个小偷被警察抓住的那个小偷 被地震破坏的房屋被地震破坏的房屋 （6）名词）名词+同位语同位语 Lily，my best friend Beijing, the capital of China Sam, an outgoing bo
22、y He told me the news that our team won. 北京，中国的首都北京，中国的首都 莉莉，我最好的朋友莉莉，我最好的朋友 山姆，一个外向的男孩子山姆，一个外向的男孩子 他告诉我我们队赢了。他告诉我我们队赢了。 3. 语法功能：语法功能： (1) The baby girl is sleeping (2) I have three small tables. (3) He is my best firend. (4) We made Tom monitor of our class. (5) Mr Wang,our English teacher, gave us
23、 a speech. (1) The baby girl is sleeping. (2) I have three small tables. (3) He is my best firend. (4) We made Tom monitor of our class. (5) Mr Wang,our English teacher, gave us a speech. 作主语 作宾语 作表语 作宾补 作同位语 名词短语可充当主语，宾名词短语可充当主语，宾语，表语，宾语补足语，表语，宾语补足 语和同位语语和同位语 1. The beautiful girl is Lily. 2. The b
24、eautiful girl to get married is Lily. 3. The beautiful girl wearing sunglasses is Lily. 4. The beautiful girl hugged by a lady is Lily. 5. The beautiful girl in blue T-shirt is Lily. 6. The beautiful girl who is the leading actress in the film is Lily. 7. The beautiful girl lucky enough is Lily. 8.
25、Lily, a beautiful girl,is very kind . 如何读懂含有名词短语的句子如何读懂含有名词短语的句子 1. The beautiful girl is Lily. 2. The beautiful girl to get married is Lily. 3. The beautiful girl wearing sunglasses is Lily. 4. The beautiful girl hugged by a lady is Lily. 5. The beautiful girl in blue T-shirt is Lily. 6. The beauti
26、ful girl who is the leading actress in the film is Lily. 7. The beautiful girl lucky enough is Lily. 8. Lily, a beautiful girl,is very kind . 如何读懂含有名词短语的句子如何读懂含有名词短语的句子 1. The beautiful girl is Lily. 2. The beautiful girl to get married is Lily. 3. The beautiful girl wearing sunglasses is Lily. 4. T
27、he beautiful girl hugged by a lady is Lily. 5. The beautiful girl in blue T-shirt is Lily. 6. The beautiful girl who is the leading actress in the film is Lily. 7. The beautiful girl lucky enough is Lily. 8. Lily, a beautiful girl,is very kind . 如何读懂含有名词短语的句子：如何读懂含有名词短语的句子： 句子主干句子主干-核核心名词心名词-先隐去右六先隐
28、去右六-加上右六翻译整个句子加上右六翻译整个句子 Exercises：完成句子（每空一词）完成句子（每空一词） 1. _ _ _ (那家花店那家花店) is just around the corner and you wont miss it. 2. I want to make _ _ _ _ (好的第一印象好的第一印象) on my first day at senior high. 3. They are looking for _ _ _ _ _ _(一个穿蓝一个穿蓝 色色T恤的男孩恤的男孩). 4. Do you know the _ _ _ _ _ _(在树下在树下 唱歌的女孩）
29、？唱歌的女孩）？ 5. The class was difficult, but the teacher was _ _ (足够足够 好的好的)。 6. _ _ _ (又饿又累又饿又累)，he fell asleep at the desk. 7. Two boys ran _ _ _(激动而紧张地）激动而紧张地）to the playground. 8. _ _ (十分奇怪的是十分奇怪的是)，some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. The flower shop a good first impression a boy in a blue T-shirt a girl singing under the tree nice enough Hungry and tired excitedly and nervously Very strangely
