1、Section C Discovering Useful Structures 核心词汇 词汇一 function（1）n. 功能；作用；机能 （2）vi. 起作用；正常工作；运转 教材原句 Theyve built a kind of new PC with more functions. 他们制造了一种功能更多的新电脑。 要点必记 function as 起作用；具有功能 function well/normally 运转良好/ 正常 perform/fulfill a.function履行职责， 发挥作用 perform a variety of functions 履行多种职责 the
2、 function of the heart 心脏的功能 题组练领悟方法 单句语法填空 （1） 词汇复现We have developed a new type of software with many （function）. 单句写作 （2） Although the electricity was cut off，the hospital continued to （正 常运转）. （3） The chair can also （具有功能）a bed. （4） In your new job you will （履行多种职责）. functions function normally f
3、unction as perform a variety of functions 词汇二 confirm vt. 确认；使确信 教材原句 Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password? 你确认Wi-Fi 密码了吗？ 要点必记 confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事 confirm sb. in ones belief/opinion/view/ suspicions 证实某人的信念/ 观点/ 看法/ 怀疑 confirm that. 证实 It has been confirmed that. 已确定 词语辨析 confirm 与prove co
4、nfirm 和prove 均可作及物动词，后接宾语； prove 还可作连系动词用，意为“证明是，被发现是”，后接形容词或名词作表语，常用固定搭配是 prove （to be）+ adj. /n. 。 单句语法填空 （1） I called the airport （confirm）my flight reservation a week before I left for Beijing. 单句写作 （2） （已经确定）the meeting will take place next week. （3） His facial expression me （ 使 确信）my doubt. （4
5、） To our satisfaction，our underwater explorations （证实）the theory turns out to be correct. 辨析填空（confirm/prove） （5） You neednt the truth of the news，which has true. to confirm It has been confirmed that confirmedin confirm that prove/confirmproved 词汇三 press vt. （1）按；压 （2）敦促 教材原句 Have you pressed the b
6、utton yet to copy the file? 你按下按钮复制文件了吗? 要点必记 press. against/on. 把按在上 press a button/switch/key 按下按钮/ 开关；按键 词语积累 pressure n. 压力；劝说，强迫 under pressure 处于压力下 relieve/reduce pressure 减压 put pressure on sb. 向某人施压 blood pressure 血压 单句语法填空 （1）2016上海卷In recent years，stress has been regarded as a cause of a
7、whole range of medical problems，from high blood （ press）to mental illness. 单句写作 （2） Michael took a few steps backwards and his back （ 把靠 在上）the wall. （3） Im （处于压力下）from my parents to become a teacher. （4） The company may have （对施加压力）her to agree. pressure pressedagainst/on under pressure put pressur
8、e on 单元语法 要点一 现在完成时的被动语态 一、构成 肯定式：have/has + been done 否定式：have/has not + been done 一般疑问式：Have/Has + 主语 + been done? 特殊疑问式：疑问词 + have/has（+ 主语）+ been done? 二、用法 （1）表示一个被动的动作在说话之前已完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，通常与 already，yet，just，never， recently 等副词连用。 （2）表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，常与 for 或 since 引导的时间状语连用， 或
9、用于how long 引出的句子中。 （ 3）用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将 来已完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来 完成时的被动语态。 学法点拨 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语： already 已经yet 已经 recently/lately 最近since then 从那时起 ever since 自那以来ever 曾经 so far 迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间by now 到现在为止 in recent years 在最近几年里 in/during/over the past/last few years 在过去的几年里 三、注意事项 （1）与
10、一般过去时的被动语态的区别 （2）borrow，begin，start，buy，marry， open，join 等非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不 能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，需要改变动词或时态。 动作发生的时间对现在有无影响 一般过去时的被动语态过去无 现在完成时的被动语态过去有 这本书借了一周了。 The book has been borrowed for a week. （） The book has been kept for a week. （） 这个工程已经开始多久了？ How long has this project been started?（）
11、How long ago was this project started?（） 学法点拨 非延续性动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有持续性，因而可与 since 或 for 引出的时间状语连 用。 （3）带有双宾语的动词，如 give，send， bring，take，teach，show，tell，make， sing，write， sell，buy，lend，offer，hand， pass，get 等，变为被动语态时，一般是把指人的间接宾语变为主 语。如果将直接宾语变为被动句的主语，间接宾语前要加 to 或 for。 （4）带有复合宾语（宾语 + 宾语补足语）的动词变为被动语态时，
12、只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语 补足语保持不动。主动语态中不带 to 的不定式作宾补，在被动语态中要加上 to。 （5）短语动词变为被动语态时，要注意保 持短语动词的完整性，不可漏掉动词后面原有的介词或副词。 此类短语动词有： 动词 + 介词 refer to，look after，call on，rely on， look for，look at，listen to，dream of，meet with， laugh at，result in，wait for，deal with，operate on 动词 + 名词 + 介词 pay attention to，make use of，tak
13、e part in，keep an eye on，make fun of，catch sight of， set fire to，take a note of，take care of 动词 + 副词 turn on，turn off，carry on，carry out，think over，make up，set up，put down，hand in， point out，call up 单句语法填空 （1） Their new house （decorate）for two months and they will settle in it in the near future. （2
14、） Their new cars （advertise）on the Internet for a long time. （3） All the athletes （select）from millions of people all over the country in the past two months. （4） A new library and a gymnasium in our school （set）up so far and they will be put into use very soon. （5） A great many machines （produce）by
15、 the factory since the technological revolution. has been decorated have been advertised have been selected have been set have been produced （6） Great changes （take）place in my hometown and a lot of factories _（set）up in the past ten years. （7） Every possible means （try）to save the wounded soldier u
16、p to now. （8） How many suggestions （give）to you so far? （9） I cant see any coffee in this cupboard. it all （finish）? （10） All the preparations for the task （make），and were ready to start. have taken have been set has been tried have been given Hasbeen finished have been made （11） In the last few yea
17、rs thousands of films （produce）all over the world. （12）2015天津卷Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement_ （reach）so far by the two sides. （13）I got caught in the rain and my suit （ruin）. （14）A lot of factories （set）up since last year. （15）We cant go on with the experiment because the computer
18、 （not repair）. have been produced has been reached has been ruined have been set hasnt been repaired 将下列句子改为被动语态 （1） They have just connected the printer to the computer. （2） We have planted many trees on the hill in the last five years. （3） Tom hasnt sold out all the magazines. （4） Have you found w
19、ays to make waste water clean? （5） She has already returned this book to the library. The printer has just been connected to the computer（by them）. Many trees have been planted on the hill in the last five years（by us） All the magazines have not been sold out（by Tom）. Have ways been found to make wa
20、ste water clean（by you）? This book has already been returned to the library（by her）. （6） He has sent me an e-mail. （7）We have seen him lie on the ground. （8） Jane has referred to the book. （9） Tom has paid much attention to his handwriting. I have been sent an e-mail. An e-mail has been sent to me.
21、He has been seen to lie on the ground. The book has been referred to（by Jane）. Much attention has been paid to Toms handwriting. Toms handwriting has been paid much attention to. （10） They have put out the big fire. 单句写作 （1） The boys （已经被多次告知）not to swim in that lake，but it doesnt make any differenc
22、e. （2）We are glad to be told that Li Tao （已经 被复旦大学录取）for his top scores. （3）With the help of high technology，more and more new substances （被发现）in the past few years. （4） When and where to go for the on-salary holiday （没有确定）yet. The big fire has been put out. have been told many times has been admitt
23、ed to Fudan University have been discovered has not been decided （ 5 ） T h o u g h w e d o n t k n o w w h a t w a s d i s c u s s e d ， y e t w e c a n f e e l t h e t o p i c _（已经被改变了）. （6） This book （没有人借过）since last week. （7） He （已被挑选出来） to take part in the sports meeting. （8） The ink （还没有去掉） the clothes. （9） your computer just （被侵袭） by a virus? （10） Financial problems of the company （已被讨论了） for nearly two hours. has been changed has not been borrowed has been selected has not been removed from Hasbeen attacked have been discussed
