（2021新外研版）高中英语必修第二册Unit 3 培优教程ppt课件（含课时精练）.zip

中国传统体育有着丰富的内容、悠久的历史，是人类体育文化的杰出代表之 一。现 在让我们一起了解足球的鼻祖“蹴鞠” 。 Cuju (Ballkicking) “Cu” means to kick, and “Ju” is a kind of ball in ancient China, made of leather and filled with hair. It is said this game was found in Huangdi times of four thousand years ago. The purpose of Cuju then was to train soldiers and select qualified people in the army. Ballkicking activity that is actually recorded in history emerged in the Warring States Period. When it came to the Han Dynasty, Cuju activity had been more and more thriving. Either the emperor or the ordinary people, they loved it very much. During the period of Eastern and Western Han Dynasties, Cuju was popular not only in the palace, in the army, but also among the crowd. People were encouraged to kick ball in the back streets and lanes. It is obvious that at that time Cuju had rooted in the hearts of the people. The development of Cuju went into an important stage in the Tang Dynasty. A variety of skills were invented then on the basis of the former games. A goal, for instance, was set in the middle of the court, the players of the two teams just kicked the ball into the goal, and the one which scored more goals was the winner. Cuju entered its golden age in the Song Dynasty. First, it was much more standardized and enjoyable. Second, Qiyun Association was founded which is similar to the FIFA now. Third, the imperial court attached great importance to it. It is recorded in history that quite a few emperors in the Song Dynasty such as Song Taizu, Song Taizong, etc. loved Cuju. 【注】qualified adj. 合格的emerge v. 出现thrive v. 茁壮成长； 繁荣兴旺attach great importance to 非常重视 【立德树人】中国传统体育在世界文化史上留下了光辉灿烂的一页 (leave behind a magnificent page)。它是建立在自然经济、宗法血缘社会和民族精神生活 与哲学基础之上的。让我们共同传承中国传统体育文化！ Period Starting out & Understanding ideas 课前自学导引 一项风靡全世界的运动 如今，足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。鉴于尼尔阿姆斯特朗想把足球 带到月球上，我们甚至可以说它也是这个世界以外最受欢迎的运动！这项运动的 历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。当时它被称为“蹴鞠”(踢球)，这项运 动使用的球是由动物的皮制成的，里面填充的是动物毛发。球门被悬在空中。我 们今天所知道的足球运动起源于英国，在那里这项运动被赋予了新的规则。 足球是一项如此简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。它也是一项非常便 宜的运动。你不需要昂贵的设备，即使是球也不需要花很多钱。在世界各地，你 都能看到孩子们心满意足地玩着一个用塑料袋做成的球；就像贝利小时候踢球那 样。 足球在全球流行背后的另一个因素是足球场上的创造力和激情。它很有趣， 足以吸引数以百万计的人。你不必成为球迷就可以欣赏到职业球员的技术看 到他们如何利用身体来传球、得分和防守，你会感到惊讶看到比赛以一个惊 人的转折结束，你会感到兴奋。 更重要的是，足球已经成为人们交流的最佳方式之一：它不需要言语，但每 个人都能理解。它打破了壁垒，把赛场内外的人们聚集在一起。以著名的 1914 年圣诞节足球比赛为例。第一次世界大战几个月前爆发了，但英国和德国士兵放 下枪，一起踢足球在战争岁月，这是一个值得纪念的和平时刻。 “有些人认为足球是一个生死攸关的问题，”著名足球运动员和教练比 尔香克利说。我可以向你保证，这比生死更重要。这听起来可能很有趣，但人 们只需想到地球就可以意识到我们的星球是足球形状的。 课堂合作探究 1represent v. 代表，表示；表现；描绘；象征(P26) 归纳 拓展 (1)represent . as . 把描绘成 represent sb. as/to be . 宣称某人为 represent oneself as/to be . 自称是/声称是 represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事 (2)representative adj. 典型的；有代表性的 n. 代表，代理人 She represents_her_mother_as the kindest mother in the world. 她把她的妈妈描绘成世界上最好的母亲。 He represented_himself_to_be a friend of my fathers, but now we know the truth. 他自称是我父亲的朋友，但现在我们知道真相了。 You should represent your complaints to the management. 你们应向管理阶层说明你们的不满。 名师点津represent 作“向描述/表达”讲时，不能直接跟“人”作宾 语，常用结构为“represent sth. to sb.”或“represent to sb. sth.” 。有类似用法的单 词还有 explain，suggest，announce，guarantee 等。 (1)写出下列句中 represent 的含义 The competition attracted over 500 contestants representing 8 different countries._ The carvings represent a hunting scene._ The five interlaced rings on the Olympic flag represent the five continents joined together._ 答案：代表描绘象征 (2)单句语法填空 I represent _ him that it will be dangerous to do what he suggested. _ (represent) our school, Im glad to tell you something about these activities. As a _ (represent) of resettled people, I support the construction of the project. 答案：toRepresentingrepresentative 2basis n. 基础；根据；基准(P26) 归纳 拓展 (1)on the basis of 以为基础；根据 (2)base vt. 以为据点；以为基础 n. 底部；根据 base . on/upon . 把置于基础之上 be based on/upon 以为基础/根据 (3)basic adj. 基础的，基本的 basically adv. 大体上；基本上；总的说来；从根本上说 On_the_basis_of my own experience, I made this decision. 我根据自己的经验做出了这个决定。 You should base your conclusion on/upon careful research. 你应该以审慎的研究为基础而下结论。 The movie is_based_on/upon the popular novel of the same name. 这部电影是以同名人气小说为基础(改编)的。 (1)单句语法填空 We drew this conclusion _ the basis of experiments. The _ (base) pay of the average worker has risen by 3 per cent. _ (basic), I agree with your plan. 答案：onbasicBasically (2)单句写作 天鹅湖是一部以德国童话为基础的著名四幕芭蕾舞。 Swan Lake is a famous ballet in four acts which _ a German fairytale. 答案：is based on 3equipment n. 装备，设备，用具(P26) 归纳 拓展 (1)equipment 为不可数名词 a piece of equipment 一件设备 (2)equip vt. 装备，配备 equip . with . 用装备 be equipped with 装备着 equip sb. for . 使某人为做好准备 be well/poorly equipped 装备精良的/较差的 As students, we should equip ourselves with knowledge. 作为学生，我们应该用知识来武装自己。 Our school is_equipped_with advanced teaching equipment. 我们学校配备着先进的教学设备。 A good education should equip you for life. 良好的教育能使你受用终生。 (1)单句语法填空 The hospital has brought in a set of new _ (equip) Please equip yourself _ a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam. Your training will equip you _ your future job. _ (equip) with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past. 答案：equipmentwithforEquipped (2)单句写作 这间办公室安装了空调。 This office _ air conditioner. 答案：is equipped with 4 content n. 满意，满足；内容；含量；目录vt. 使满 意，使满足adj. 满意的，满足的(P26) 归纳 拓展 (1)to ones hearts content 尽情地，心满意足地 (2)content oneself with sth. 满足于； 对感到满意 (3)be/feel content with sth. 对某事感到满意/满足 be content to do sth. 满足于做某事；乐意做某事 You should not content yourself with book knowledge only. 你不能只满足于书本知识。 Tom is_content_with the result of the exam. 汤姆对考试的结果满意。 She is quite content_to_live at home with her parents. 她十分满足于在家和她父母同住。 名师点津content作为“所含之物，目录”讲时，通常用复数形式。 (1)单句语法填空 That rich man is tired of city life, so he is content _ (live) in the country. To be honest, Im very content _ my life at present. As there is no butter, we have to content _ (we) with dry bread. 答案：to livewithourselves (2)单句写作 在宴会上，所有的客人都可以尽情歌舞。 At the party, all the guests can sing and dance _. 答案：to their hearts content 5defend v. (在比赛中)防守，防卫(P26) 归纳 拓展 (1)defend . from/against . 保护免遭；抵 御 defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩护 (2)defence n. 辩护；保卫；防卫 in defence of 为辩护；保卫 She had to defend herself against the guard dog. 她不得不防备看门狗。 They took up arms in_defence_of their country. 他们拿起武器保卫祖国。 单句语法填空 The best _ (defend) is a good offense. He gave his life _ defense of his country. The frightened mother held out her umbrella, defend her son and herself _ the fierce dog. 答案：defenceinagainst/from 6assure v. 向保证，使确信；弄清，查明(P27) 归纳 拓展 (1)assure sb. that . 向某人保证 assure sb. of sth. 向某人保证某事 assure oneself that ./of sth. 弄清；查明；使自 己对确信不疑或觉得肯定无误 (2)assurance n. 保证；担保 I can assure_you_that he is sincere. 我可以向你保证他是真诚的。 I can assure_you_of his reliability. 我向你保证他的可靠性。 I must assure_myself_of the real situation. 我必须查明真实情况。 He gave me assurance in black and white. 他给了我书面保证。 (1)单句语法填空 I can assure you _ its quality. He gave us the _ (assure) that he would offer us more support. 答案：ofassurance (2)单句写作 我可以向你保证动物们得到了精心照顾。 I can _ the animals are well cared for. 答案：assure you that That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. 他在如此短的时间内写完作文使我们十分惊讶。 It is natural that life is not always easy. 人生不可能总是一帆风顺，这是很自然的。 Its a pity that youve missed such a good chance. 你错过了这样一个好机会，真是遗憾。 It is said that the pirates buried their treasure on this island. 据说海盗把他们的财宝藏到了这个岛上。 (1)单句语法填空 _ she is still alive is the best news I have heard of. _ is quite obvious that he is lying. 答案：ThatIt (2)句型转换 That prices will go up is certain. _ prices will go up. 答案：It is certain that .单词拼写 1Protecting the country is the duty of a _ (军人). 答案：soldier 2Physical activity is an important _ (因素)in maintaining fitness. 答案：factor 3This _ (设备) has saved the lives of a number of new born children. 答案：equipment 4A _ (塑料的) chair is much lighter than a wooden one. 答案：plastic 5_ (冲浪运动) is the sport of riding on waves while standing on a narrow board. 答案：Surfing 6She found herself in _ (冲突) with her parents over her future career. 答案：conflict .词义理解 请选出goal 在句中的含义：n. 球门n. 目标n. 进球得分 1As long as you work hard, you will achieve your goal.() 2Within a minute the Chinese team scored a goal.() 3The centre forward headed the ball into the goal.() 答案：1.2.3. 请选出 content 在句中的含义：n. 内容n. 满意，满足adj. 满意的， 满足的 4The secret to happiness is being content with what you have.() 5She hadnt read the letter and so was unaware of its contents.() 6I was delighted to be able to eat my favorite dishes to my hearts content.() 答案：4.5.6. .单句语法填空 1I will represent _ him that he will be in danger if he goes there alone. 答案：to 2Police are trying to find out the cause of _ (die). 答案：death 3We fix our prices _ the basis of the world market prices. 答案：on 4They fought bravely in _ (defend) of freedom and of the interests of the people. 答案：defence 5I can assure you _ my full support for your plan. 答案：of 6_ is important that we practise English everyday. 答案：It .单句写作 1第一次世界大战于 1914 年爆发。 World War_ in 1914. 答案：broke out 2我弟弟正在游乐园里尽情地玩耍。 My brother is playing _in the amusement park. 答案：to his hearts content 3地球的形状像一个大球。 The earth _ a big ball. 答案：is shaped like 4你被包围了！放下你的武器！ You are surrounded! _ your weapons! 答案：Put down 5他们的友谊可以追溯到他们上学的时候。 Their friendship _ their school days. 答案：goes back to 6鉴于他们缺乏经验，他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。 _ theyre inexperienced, theyve done a good job. 答案：Given that 课后课时作业 完形填空 Jake Olson lost his left eye when he was eight months old because of a born cancer. _1_ it was controlled through treatments, it reappeared and _2_ the loss of his right eye. But after years of cheering for his favorite football team, Jake has _3_ the impossible dream. Hes now a part of the team, despite his total 4， playing the game not based on sight but on _5_. Being a _6_ fan of the USC Trojans, one of Jakes last _7_ before he lost his eye was to watch the team play at Notre Dame. His strong liking for the sport didnt go _8_former USC coach Pete reached the boy, inviting him to meet the _9_. Inspired by those players, Jake hoped to be _10_ in his schools football team. At first he didnt think he would be of any real _11_， but when he heard peoples cheers for football players, his love for football strengthened. So Jake _12_ the coach, asking to join the team. The coach told him to _13_ the next season. So Jake spent his time practicing hard. _14_， he became a starter on the team in the next season. Having made his high school football team, it didnt seem too _15_ to do the same in college. Coach Steve agreed that Jake _16_ the requirements of the team. So Jakes dream came true._17_ football, Jake is also a motivational speaker. “I went into football with the thought that I had nothing to _18_， ” Jake said. “I really had no fear. Going through _19_ in life does make you stronger. Lifes unfair, but its _20_ me not to give up and keep fighting.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了 Jake Olson 双目失明，但这并没有阻 止他对运动的热爱。他成为高中和大学橄榄球队的队员，并且还是一位励志演讲 人。 1A.UnlessBThough COnly if DNow that 答案：B根据下文的“it was controlled through treatments, it reappeared . ”可 知，此处指尽管(Though)经过治疗，癌症被控制住了，但是它还是复发了，主从 句之间存在让步关系。 2A.backed off Bheld back Cbroke down Dled to 答案：D癌症复发了，并导致(led to)他失去了右眼。 3A.forgotten Bquitted Crealized Dignored 答案：C但是，在为他最喜欢的橄榄球队加油多年之后，Jake 实现了 (realized)那个不可能的梦想。第四段中的“Jakes dream came true”亦是提示。 4A.blindness Babsence Cdeafness Dinnocence 答案：A根据上文中的“lost his left eye”及“the loss of his right eye”可知，此 处指尽管 Jake 双目失明(blindness)，但他现在成了球队的一员。 5A.ability Bguess Cfeel Dimagination 答案：C根据上文提到的 Jake 双目失明的内容可知，此处指的应是他打球 靠的不是视力而是感觉(feel)。 6A.responsible Bfaithful Ccareful Dtemporary 答案：B根据语境及上文的“years of cheering for his favorite football team” 可知，他是 USC Trojans 球队的忠实(faithful)粉丝。 7A.chances Bpromises Ccourses Dwishes 答案：D此处指 Jake 在失去视力之前最后的愿望(wishes)之一是观看球队 在 Notre Dame 的比赛。 8A.unnoticed Bunsolved Cunreported Dunlimited 答案：A根据下文的“former USC coach Pete reached the boy, inviting him to”可知，此处指 Jake 对运动的热爱并不是不被注意的。unnoticed “未被注意的， 被忽视的” 。 9A.leaders Bplayers Cfans Dcoaches 答案：B根据语境及上文提到的 Jake 是球队的忠实粉丝以及想观看球队比 赛的内容可知，此处应是指教练 Pete 邀请 Jake 跟球员们(players)见面。下文中 的“Inspired by those players”是关键的提示信息。 10A.occupied Binvolved Ctrapped Dabsorbed 答案：B受到那些球员们的鼓舞，Jake 希望自己能加入学校的橄榄球队。 be involved in 是固定搭配，意为“参与，参加” 。 11A.interest Bhope Cuse Dconcern 答案：C此处指尽管 Jake 想加入学校的橄榄球队，但是因为自身有残疾， Jake 最初觉得自己加入球队并不会有什么实际的用处(use)。be of usebe useful。 12A.approached Bappreciated Crecognized Dgreeted 答案：AJake 找了教练，请求加入球队。approach “靠近，接洽” 。 13A.pull throughBset out Cleave off Dcome back 答案：D根据下文的“the next season . he became a starter on the team in the next season”可知，此处指教练让 Jake 下个赛季再回来。 14A.Gradually BFinally CRecently DAccidentally 答案：BJake 花时间刻苦练习，最终，在下个赛季，他成了球队的参赛者。 finally 意为“最后，终于” 。 15A.difficult Baccessible Cattractive Dnecessary 答案：A根据上文的“Having made his high school football team”可知，因为 有了高中的球队经历，成为大学球队的队员似乎也不是太难。 16A.refreshed Bcompleted Csatisfied Dacquired 答案：C根据句中的“Coach Steve agreed”及下文中的“So Jakes dream came true.”可知，此处指教练 Steve 觉得 Jack 达到了球队的要求，因此 Jake 加入大学 球队的梦想实现了。 17A.Apart from BInstead of CRegardless of DExcept for 答案：A根据下文的“Jake is also a motivational speaker”可知，除了打橄榄 球之外，Jake 也是一位励志演讲人。 18A.share Blose Coffer Ddesire 答案：B根据语境及下文的“I really had no fear.”可知，此处指 Jake 起初是 带着自己没有任何可失去(lose)的东西的想法开始打橄榄球的。 19A.failures Bchallenges Ccompetitions Dfears 答案：BJake 身有残疾，所以要经受许多生活中的挑战(challenges)，而这 也使他变得更加坚强。 20A.warned Bbegged Cconvinced Dtaught 答案：D根据上文内容可知，此处指的是生活是不公平的，但它教会 Jake 不要放弃，要坚持下去。teach sb. not to do sth. “教会某人不要做某事” 。故选 D。 阅读理解 A My First Marathon (马拉松) A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead. I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first PE class, the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball. I didnt do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic” The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills! The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldnt even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself. Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带) became untied. So I stopped to readjust. Not the start I wanted! At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS！” By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again. By mile 21, I was starving! As I approached mile 23, I could see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 am or questioned my expenses on running. I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had. Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗 标签), I can now call myself a “marathon winner” 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。参加马拉松比赛前的一个月，作者的脚 踝受伤了，但他仍决定参加比赛。在比赛中尽管脚踝伤处疼痛难忍，但作者坚持 跑完全程，获得了一枚奖章。作者通过自身的经历启迪人们