- 人教2011课标版_九年级全一册(2014年3月第1版)_初中英语_Unit 11 Sad movies made me cry._Section B 3a—3b Self check_ppt课件_(含教案)_市级优课_(编号:50a68)
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鞍山中考卷结构、题型、分值分布鞍山中考卷结构、题型、分值分布 题类题类项目项目题量题量计分计分 选选 择择 题题 第一部分第一部分单项填空单项填空10101010 第二部分第二部分 第三部分第三部分 第四部分第四部分 语言语言 知识知识 运用运用 情景交际5 55 5 完形填空完形填空10101010 阅阅读读理理解解15151515 第四部分第四部分还原阅读还原阅读5 51010 非选非选 择题择题 第五部分第五部分短文填空短文填空10101010 第六部分第六部分任务型阅读任务型阅读10102020 第七部分第七部分翻译句子翻译句子10102020 第八部分第八部分书面表达书面表达120 总计总计50+2665+55 得阅读者得天下 Reading makes a full man. 读书塑造完整的人格。读书塑造完整的人格。-培根培根 Bacon 答题步骤答题步骤 1 1细读选项,巧划关键词,初步排序。细读选项,巧划关键词,初步排序。 2 2详读文章,逻辑推理,抓过渡词。详读文章,逻辑推理,抓过渡词。 3 3先易后难来解题。先易后难来解题。 4 4回读文章定答案。回读文章定答案。 II II 1.1.对应关系对应关系 2.2. 位置信息位置信息 3.3. 逻辑关系逻辑关系 4.4. 排除干扰排除干扰 5.5. 审读验证审读验证 II II 1.1. 对应关系对应关系 (1)(1) 长度对应长度对应 主题句常出现在主题句常出现在( ( ) ) ,小标题常以黑体或列表,小标题常以黑体或列表 的形式出现,它们的表述相对较短,且与上下文中的小标题或的形式出现,它们的表述相对较短,且与上下文中的小标题或 主题句长度基本相当。主题句长度基本相当。 (2)(2) 词语对应词语对应 因为短文是一篇完整的文章,相关信息或词汇在因为短文是一篇完整的文章,相关信息或词汇在 上下文中总会重复出现,所以做题时,浏览五个选项和空格前上下文中总会重复出现,所以做题时,浏览五个选项和空格前 后的内容,查找有无后的内容,查找有无相同相同或或相似相似的关键词,能对应上的往往就的关键词,能对应上的往往就 是正确选项。是正确选项。 (3)(3) 语意对应语意对应 选项与短文紧密相关,除了有明确的对应词,选项与短文紧密相关,除了有明确的对应词, 选项往往与空前后的内容在语意上彼此呼应。比如,文中表述选项往往与空前后的内容在语意上彼此呼应。比如,文中表述 为为“ “甲甲” ”,选项表述为,选项表述为“ “乙乙” ”,但二者的语意均指向,但二者的语意均指向“ “丙丙” ”,则甲乙,则甲乙 相对应。相对应。 II II 段首段首 2.2. 位置信息位置信息 (1)(1) 如果设空处在段首,通常考查如果设空处在段首,通常考查主题句主题句。认真阅读。认真阅读 后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或近义后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或近义 词,从较短的几个选项中筛选,并考虑其与各段落的词,从较短的几个选项中筛选,并考虑其与各段落的 主题句或小标题的关系,从而选出主题句。主题句或小标题的关系,从而选出主题句。 (2)(2) 如果设空处在段尾,通常是如果设空处在段尾,通常是结论性或概括性的语结论性或概括性的语 句句。可从选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的信号词。可从选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的信号词 ,如,如 ( ( ) )。 (3)(3) 段首和段尾也可能是段首和段尾也可能是过渡句过渡句。此时要。此时要“ “瞻前顾后瞻前顾后” ” 找启示,即阅读上一段结尾部分,并结合下一段内容找启示,即阅读上一段结尾部分,并结合下一段内容 ,看所选的答案能否将两段内容连接起来。,看所选的答案能否将两段内容连接起来。 II II 3.3. 逻辑关系逻辑关系 逻辑关系即作者的写作思路或者说文章的展开顺序,逻辑关系即作者的写作思路或者说文章的展开顺序, 通常有明逻辑和暗逻辑两种形式。通常有明逻辑和暗逻辑两种形式。 (1)(1) 明逻辑是指上下文的逻辑关系由连词、副词、代明逻辑是指上下文的逻辑关系由连词、副词、代 词等所体现,比如:连接并列句、名词性从句、定语词等所体现,比如:连接并列句、名词性从句、定语 从句、状语从句的各种连词或引导词从句、状语从句的各种连词或引导词( (butbut, oror, whichwhich, whatwhat,becausebecause,althoughalthough, soso thatthat, if if, whenwhen, wherewhere, asas if if等等) );表示逻辑关系的各种副词;表示逻辑关系的各种副词 ( (howeverhowever,thereforetherefore, whatsworsewhatsworse , stillstill,yetyet, thoughthough,afterafter allall等等) )。 (2)(2) 暗逻辑是指作者没有使用明确的连词或副词,但暗逻辑是指作者没有使用明确的连词或副词,但 是句子间语意连贯,读者往往可以在句子间加上一些是句子间语意连贯,读者往往可以在句子间加上一些 相应的连词或副词来彰显句子间的逻辑关系。相应的连词或副词来彰显句子间的逻辑关系。 II II 4.4. 排除干扰排除干扰 做题时,小标题和主题句类型的题目较容易选择,做题时,小标题和主题句类型的题目较容易选择, 可以首先选定;有明确逻辑关系的也相对好选。然后可以首先选定;有明确逻辑关系的也相对好选。然后 ,把选的选项从五个选项中删掉,从而突出剩余选项,把选的选项从五个选项中删掉,从而突出剩余选项 ,这样可以减少干扰,从而集中注意力甄别剩余选项,这样可以减少干扰,从而集中注意力甄别剩余选项 。 II II 5.5. 审读验证审读验证 选完后,应通读全文,仔细梳理对应信息、选完后,应通读全文,仔细梳理对应信息、 行文逻辑和关联过渡,既要验证已选内容的行文逻辑和关联过渡,既要验证已选内容的 合理性,又要避免先入为主导致看不出存在合理性,又要避免先入为主导致看不出存在 的问题。的问题。 II II II II Maggie and Sarah are twin sisters. They were born just a few minutes apart, and they look exactly alike. They both have blonde hair and green eyes.41._Sometimes other students at school have a hard time telling them apart. Maggie and Sarah like going to the same school. This is because they are not just twin sisters, but best friends too. They have a lot in common. 42._Both girls spend a lot of time together with their family, and they both like to play with their dog, Callie. 43._Maggie likes to play sports. She is on a soccer team and a basketball team. Sarah doesnt really like sports. She likes to dance. There are other differences between them too. 44. _Maggie likes to read mystery books, but Sarah likes to read books about animals. Maggie gets better grades in reading and Spanish, but Sarah gets better grades in math and science. Everyone is different in her or his own way. Maggie and Sarah like being different from each other as much as they like being similar. 70. _ Theyarearoundthesameheight II II MaggieandSaraharetwinsisters.Theywerebornjustafew minutesapart,andtheylookexactlyalike.Theybothhave blondehairandgreeneyes.1. Sometimesotherstudentsatschoolhaveahard timetellingthemapart. aswell. 和前后句联系和前后句联系 衔接作用衔接作用 段中 Summary: 五选五解题技巧五选五解题技巧1:同范畴词同范畴词 同范畴词同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共在文章中共 同出现,达到语义衔接的目的。你可以同出现,达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此在选项中找到与此 词汇最接近的词词汇最接近的词。一般来说,上下文中词汇联系越接近,。一般来说,上下文中词汇联系越接近, 上下文的衔接关系越紧密。上下文的衔接关系越紧密。 hair eye height build II II MaggieandSarahlikegoingtothesameschool.Thisis becausetheyarenotjusttwinsisters,butbestfriendstoo. Theyhavealotincommon.2. Bothgirlsspenda lotoftimetogetherwiththeirfamily,andtheybothliketoplay withtheirdog,Callie. Bothgirlsenjoyalotofthe sametelevisionshows,books,andfood. 和前后句联系和前后句联系 衔接作用衔接作用, ,解释解释 说明说明 过渡过渡 句句 段中 Summary: 五选五解题技巧五选五解题技巧2:同句式同句式 同句式同句式是相同句式结构是相同句式结构在文章中并列出现,达到语义衔接在文章中并列出现,达到语义衔接 ,层层递进的目的。你可以,层层递进的目的。你可以在选项中找到与上文或下文结在选项中找到与上文或下文结 构一至的句式构一至的句式。 II II 3.Maggielikes toplaysports.Sheisonasoccerteamandabasketballteam. Sarahdoesntreallylikesports.Shelikestodance. ButMaggieandSaraharealsoverydifferent. 引出主题 主题 句 段首 解释解释 II II Thereareotherdifferencesbetweenthemtoo.4. Maggielikestoreadmysterybooks,butSarahlikesto readbooksaboutanimals.Maggiegetsbettergrades inreadingandSpanish,butSarahgetsbettergrades inmathandscience. Maggielikesthecolorred,butSarahlikesthecolorgreen. 说明原因、举例说明原因、举例 证明、分述细化主证明、分述细化主 题、解释前句中的题、解释前句中的 某个概念等某个概念等 主题 句之后 段首 II II Everyoneisdifferentinherorhisownway.Maggie andSarahlikebeingdifferentfromeachotheras muchastheylikebeingsimilar.5. Thatiswhatmakesthemspecial. Summary:Summary: 五选五解题技巧五选五解题技巧3 3:代词提示代词提示 英语表达中代词出现的频率极高,代词的作用无非是指英语表达中代词出现的频率极高,代词的作用无非是指 代前面提及的名词或句子,巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代前面提及的名词或句子,巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据 代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 it:it:单数名词或整个句子;单数名词或整个句子;this:this:单数名词或句子单数名词或句子 one:one:单数可数名词;单数可数名词; that:that:不可数名词或句子;不可数名词或句子; they/them:they/them:复数名词;复数名词;these/those:these/those:前句的复数名词。前句的复数名词。 II II Everyoneisdifferentinherorhisownway.Maggie andSarahlikebeingdifferentfromeachotheras muchastheylikebeingsimilar.5. Thatiswhatmakesthemspecial. 总结 推理 结论结论 句句 段末 祈使句 问答关系 句式结构 总分结构关系段落位置 逻辑关系(衔接 功能词) 代词提示 同范畴词 解释说明 上下句 IIIIII bigclues smallclues Ginasmotherfoundthatherdaughterdoesntlike sharingthingswithherfriends.Shealsofound childrendidntliketoplaywithherdaughter.1. Then Ginasmothertoldherthestoryofanantanda dove.(鸽子) 句子类型: 段中-过渡句 原因/技巧: Pron. (指代)Explanation(解释) TheysaidGinaalwaysmadethemunhappy. IVIV Check what helps to put them back? “Onedayanantfellintoariverandtriedtosave itself.Adovegotaleafandletitfallintotheriver closetotheant.2. Shortly,abirdcatchercame andstoodunderthetree. 句子类型:段中-过渡句 Theantclimbedontoitandwent IVIV Check what helps to put them back? to the bank safely. Summary: 五选五解题技巧五选五解题技巧4:词汇复现词汇复现 词汇复现词汇复现是指是指保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段,保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段, 即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念同一个概念进行进行重复重复描述,描述, 从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形 式主要是指主要是指式主要是指主要是指同词(同源词)复现、同(近)义词复现、同词(同源词)复现、同(近)义词复现、 反义词复现反义词复现等等 Shortly,abirdcatchercameandstoodunder thetree.3.Theant stung(蛰)himonthefoot.Thebirdcatcher criedoutandthesoundmadethedovefly away.Ittoldusthatifyouarekindtoothers, youwillbetreatedwell.” 句子类型: 主题句之后 原因: 代词,同词复现 He wanted to catch the dove. IVIV Check what helps to put them back? 4. Later,shehelpedherclassmateRitawith mathsbecauseRitawasnotverygoodatit. 句子类型: 主题句-承上启下,引起下文 原因: 承上启下,同词复现 Ginarememberedthestoryfromthenon. IVIV Check what helps to put them back? Oneday,Ginawasaskedtotidyupthe classroom.5. RitadecidedtohelpGinaclean theclassroom.RitashelpmadeGinaremember thestoryoftheantandthedove.Fromthatday, Ginarealizedtheimportanceofthefriendship, andshebegantoenjoyhelpingothers. 句子类型: 主题句之后的支撑句 原因: 同范畴词,代词 theworkherself Itwashardforhertofinish IVIV Check what helps to put them back? 2.Being healthy is really about being at a weight that is right for you. 3.Theywillcompareyourweightwithhealthystandards andhelpyousetgoals. Youmaywanttolooklikethemodelsoractorsin magazinesoronTV,butthosegoalsmightnotbe healthyorrealistic(现实的)foryou. 1.Besides,nomagicaldietwillmakeyoulooklike someoneelse. Sowhatshouldyoudoaboutyourweightcontrol? Thebestwaytofindoutifyouareatahealthyweight orifyouneedtoloseorgainweightistotalktoa doctorordietitian(营养学家). Challenge yourselvesV V Weight management is about long-term success. If it turns out that you can benefit from weight loss then you can follow a few of the simple suggestions listed below to get started. 4. People who lose weight quickly by crash dieting or other extreme measures usually gain back all of the pounds they lost, because they havent permanently(永久地永久地) changed their habits. Therefore, the best weight management ways are those that you can maintain(维持)(维持) for a lifetime. Small changes are a lot easier to stick with(坚持做坚持做) than large ones. Try reducing the size of what you eat. 5. Once you have that down, start gradually introducing healthier foods and exercise into your life. Try giving up regular soda for a week. Check what helps to put them back?V V SummarySummary (总结总结) 还原阅读理解题的解题技巧还原阅读理解题的解题技巧: : 浏览选项,理解全篇逻辑关系浏览选项,理解全篇逻辑关系, ,找出关键词找出关键词 速读全文,关注每段首尾句,了解大意知主题速读全文,关注每段首尾句,了解大意知主题 运用上下文所运用上下文所重复的关键词重复的关键词推断推断 利用同义词利用同义词、近义词近义词、反义词、反义词 利用同一范畴或领域的词利用同一范畴或领域的词 利用利用代词、冠词的暗示代词、冠词的暗示 理清结构与逻辑关系理清结构与逻辑关系,确定答案,确定答案 V V I I 加油 Reading is a game. Find the clues that can help us. Practice makes perfect. Finish the exercise on the paper. 英语阅读课教学设计英语阅读课教学设计 一、 教材分析 (1) 教学内容:本课是一堂英语阅读课,文章介绍了有关阅 读理解的主要文章类型。通过本节课的阅读教学,使学生从 阅读中获取相关的信息,让学生学会对信息的处理和加工, 提高学生的综合语言运用能力。 (2) 知识目标:;了解解决阅读文章的方法,增加词汇量。 能力目标:培养学生听、说、读和写的能力,尤其是阅读方 面的技巧。通过运用多媒体,培养学生英语口头表达能力, 分析问题和解决问题的能力。锻炼学生用英语描述自己的个 性。 情感目标:了解中国的文化,加深对英语的理解和使用, 加深对本国文化的理解与认识。 (3) 教学重点和难点; 掌握重要的还原阅读技巧。 (4) 教学方法:问答式、演示法、任务型阅读、竞赛法。 二、教学手段:多媒体 三、教学过程 step 1: 读前和热身(pre-reading and warm up) By asking students the following questions, the teacher can raise students interest in this topic. step 2:导入 (leading in) Read the passage about the reading comprehension. Some students can read them fluently. 设计说明 step 3 读中和快速阅读 (while reading and fast reading) Firstly ask some students to read some words on the blackboard. these words have been studied in the last lesson. before students end the text, ask some students to think about what subjects will be covered in the passage. read the passage quickly and answer the following questions. step 4 精读 (careful reading) part one: read the details below and choose which ones are true(t),which ones are false(f). step5: 竞赛 competition. Divide the students into four groups. Let students have a competition. Choose the best group. Ask them to describe their friends. step 5 难点处理(difficult points) Write some difficult and new words on the blackboard. Ask students not to refer to the dictionary or ask me for an explanation every time they come across a new word. Encourage them to guess the meaning from the context. step 6 读后( post reading):discussion Try not to focus on their mistakes, as this will discourage students from speaking in front of the class. step 7 布置作业(homework) do some exercises on the text to practise phrases
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