1、1 M1U3 Getting along with others Integrated skillsfor;of;with;in 4. take up 占用(时间、空间等) ； 拿起； 接受； 开始； 继续 She took up the receiver and began to dial the number. The piano takes up too much space. take away 拿走， 夺走take back 收回(前言) ， 承认说错了话 take down 拿下， 取下， 记(录) 下来take for 当作， 认为 take in 吸收， 接受； 欺骗take
2、off 取(脱) 下， 拆下， 切除； 起 飞 take on 具有； 呈现(面貌等) ； 雇用； 穿上 take over 接收， 接管， 接任 take out 把带出去， 清除， 除掉 The campus has taken on a new look. Tm feeling too tired to drive anymore， will you take over? 单句语法填空： 3 That big clock will have to go because it takes _too much space in the small hall. 答案：up 5.bring ou
3、t使显现， 使表现出 To me，a good friend brings out the best in a person. 对我来说， 好朋友能给一个人带来最好的一面。 归纳拓展 bring out the best显露出最美好的一面 bring out the best in.给带来最好的 bring about引起； 产生； 导致； 带来 bring back带回； 恢复； 使想起 bring down让降下来； 使倒下 bring forth使产生 bring forward提前 bring in引入； 赚钱 bring on引起； 导致 bring up培养； 抚养； 教育； 提出
4、； 呕吐 1.单句语法填空 (1)(2020广州高一期末)By looking for the best in others， you indirectly bring out the best_yourself. (2) We bring out the_(good) in each other. (3)He made every effort to bring_ the cost of living. (4) Science and technology has brought_many changes in our lives. 答案：in；best；down；about 6.measu
5、re (1)vt.测量，度量；估量，判定 Please stand still.I will measure your height. 4 (2)n.措施，方法；尺寸；程度。 take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 to ones own measure按照某人自己的尺寸 in some/large measure在某种/很大程度上 We should take appropriate measures to improve our teaching. The tailor made a suit to his own measure. His success is i
6、n large measure due to his hard work. (3) linking verb(指尺寸、长短、数量等) 量度为。此时 measure 不用于进行时态 和被动语态，做后置定语和状语时，要用其现在分词形式。 Do you know the history of that bridge measuring as long as 200 meters? 1.单句语法填空 (1) The tree over there is so tall that I suppose it_(measure)nearly twenty meters. (2) (2020北京丰台区模考)
7、Last year some measures were taken_(protect) customers personal information by We Chat. (3)I can make an evening dress_my own measure. (4) Mark lives in a pleasant big room_(measure)approximately 5meters by 6 meters. 答案：measures；to protect；to；measuring 7 . reflectionn.沉思； 反射； 映像； 反映。 be lost in refl
8、ection 陷人深思中 Your clothes are often a reflection of your personalty. He admired his reflection in the mirror. 归纳拓展 reflectv.思考； 映射； 反射 reflect sb./sth.in sth.(指镜子等) 映出某人/某物的影像 5 reflect sth.from sth.从某物(表面) 反射(光、热、声等) reflect on/upon sth.思考某事 I have been reflecting on all he said to me. 单句语法填空 (1) W
9、hen cracks appear in friendships，we should reflect _ourselves about what has gone wrong. (2) Love is not shown by speech； love will reflect_deed. (3) Our life is just a_(reflect)of what we have done. (4) Susans strong love for her country is _(reflect)in her recently published poems. 答案：on/upon；in；r
10、eflection；reflected 8.seek (1) vi.寻找； 探索(+after/for) He sought vainly for the answer. 搜索； 搜查(+for) We are seeking for information. (2)Vt.寻找；探索；追求 They were seeking employment. 在中搜索， 搜查遍(某处) (+through) Something suspicious was found after the room was sought through. 企图，试图(+to) He sought to speak to
11、her. 征求；请求 You should seek medical advice. 1.单句语法填空 (1)He is going to seek_ a new house. (2)I sought_(win) the game. 6 答案：for；to win 9.escapev.&n.逃脱， 逃走； 泄露； 逃避。 escape into.逃进 escape sth./doing sth.逃避某事/做某事 escape from.从.逃脱； 逃避 escape death死里逃生 escape ones attention/notice没注意 a narrow escape九死一生 Wh
12、oever breaks the law wont escape punishment/being punished. 1.单句语法填空 (1) The old man is one of the few survivors who escaped _Nazis Concentration camp in Poland during World War. (2)Amajor search is under way to find the_(escape)prisoners. (3)Games allow you to escape _an imaginary reality. 答案：from；
13、escaped；from 10.benefit (1)n.好处，利益，优势 be of(much/great)benefit to sb.=be beneficial to sb. 对某人有益处 for the benefit of.为了.的利益 Proper exercise everyday is of great benefit o our heath. The warning sign was put there for the benefit of the public. (2)v.使受益，得益 benefit from/by.从受益， 得益于 benefit sb./sth.对某人
14、/某物有益 I am sure that everyone will benefit a lot from this activity. We should spend the money on something that will benefit everyone. 7 归纳拓展 beneficialadj.有利的 be beneficial to. 有益于 1.单句语法填空 (1) We should read some more classic books，because they are great_benefit to us. (2)It was_ the benefit of y
15、our company that we did that. (3)We all can benefit_history， so I like it. 答案：of；for；from 11.failuren.失败； 失败的人或事物 Failure is the mother of success. The operation on the newborn infant was a failure. 归纳拓展 failvt.&vi.失败； 未能(做到) fail in(doing) sth.在(做) 某事方面失败了 fail to do sth.未能做某事 He studied so hard, o
16、nly to fail in the exam. We had planned to go for a picnic but failed to do that. 单句语法填空 (1) The_(fail)of the bank caused panic in the city. (2)He never failed _write to his mother every week. (3) He failed in_(pass) the examination because of his carelessness. 答案：failure；to write；passing 12.take on
17、 呈现， 具有(特征、外观等) ； 雇用， 承担 This kind of animal can take on the colours of its environment to protect itself. In the past few years， the village has taken on a new look. 8 13.recognizevt.认出， 辨认出； 承认， 公认。 recognize sb./ones voice认出某人/听出某人的声音 recognize sb./sth.as/to be.承认某人/物是 be recognized as.被公认为/承认是 r
18、ecognize that.承认 Although many Americans move a lot，they still recognize and understand each others dialects. The moment I answered the phone, I recognized his voice. We all recognize him to be a good teacher. Lincoln is recognized as one of the greatest presidents inAmerica. I recognize that I am n
19、ot fit for the job. 归纳拓展 recognitionn.认出； 认识 out of/beyond recognition 认不出来 1.单句语法填空 (1) I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl ，and she has changed beyond_(recognize) . (2) He said physical inactivity should_( recognize) as a global epidemic. 答案：recognition；be recognized 14.point out“指出， 使注
20、意”， 后面可接名词， 也可接从句做宾语。 At the meeting， he pointed out that agriculture should be put at the first place. Can you point out the finest pictures to me?=Can you point me out the finest pictures? 辨析比较 point at/point to point at, point to 的意思都与“指”有关， 但还是有一定区别。 (1) point at 习惯上表示指向离说话人较近的事物， 意为“指着”， at 是介词
21、， 侧 重于指的对象。 Dont point at the words while you are reading. 9 读书时不要用手指着字。 The teacher pointed at the blackboard and said， “You must look carefully.” 老师指着黑板说：“你必须看仔细。” (2) point to 多用来表示指向离说话人较远的事物， 意为“指向”， to 也是介词， 侧重于指的方向。 He pointed to the house on the other side of the river and said， “Thats my ho
22、me.” 他指着河对岸的房子说：“那是我家。” Ashe started the operation， the hour hand of the clock pointed to 9. 他开始手术时，时针指着九点。 panyn.陪伴， 作伴； 公司； 客人， 伙伴 (1)表示“客人、伙伴”等，可指一人或多人，此时是不可数名词，且一般不与冠 词连用。 He was very good/bad company. 他是个有趣/乏味的伙伴。 Were expecting company next week. 我们下星期有客来访。 (2)表示“陪伴某人”，根据情况可用 keep pany 或 as co
23、mpany for sb.等。 TH stay here and keep you company. 我留下来陪你。 (3) 表示“有某人作伴”， 可用 have ones company 或 have sb.as company 等。 Tm glad to have her company. 我很高兴有她作伴。 (4) a company of 后接复数名词， 表示“一队、一群、一伙”， 用作主语时， 谓 语动词可用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体)。 Acompany of travelers is/are expected to arrive soon. 一批游客很快就到。 (5)表示
24、“公司”时，有时还可表示公司名称中未列出姓名的合伙人，用于专有 名词时，注意以下两点： 10 用了&(=and) ， 则其前不能用冠词； 若没用&， 则其前用不用冠词均可； 带有&的公司(company) 用作主语时， 其谓语通常用复数。 Smith&Company are holding their annual meeting. =(The) Smith Company are holding their annual meeting. 史密斯(和其他人合开的) 公司正在召开年会。 1.单句语法填空 (1) I had no _(company) on the journey. (2)My
25、 aunt came to stay for a week_company for my mother while I was away. 答案：company；as 16. admire vt.赞美； 钦佩； 羡慕 China and Japan have Mid-Autumn Festivals， when people admire the moon and in China， enjoy moon cakes. 归纳拓展 (1) admire sb.for sth.因某事而钦佩某人 (2) admiration n.赞美； 钦佩 press/have admiration for sb
26、./sth.对某人/某物(表示) 羡慕/钦佩 with/in admiration 钦佩地 (3) admiring ad.羡慕的； 赞美的 The school is widely admired for its excellent teaching. We have nothing but admiration for his artistic works. She was used to receiving admiring glances from others. 1.单句语法填空 (1) He stood there，_(admire) his new car. (2)With_(a
27、dmire)I went to interview Dr.Zhong Nan shan. 答案：admiring；admiration 二句式剖析 11 1.Tim is someone whom I should try my best to help，even if t means more work for me. 蒂姆是我应该尽力帮助的人， 即使这意味着我有更多的工作要做。 本句为复合句。主句中 whom 引导定语从句， 修饰先行词 someone， whom 在 从句中做 help 的宾语； even if 引导一个让步状语从句。 even if 引导的让步状语从句引导的让步状语从句
28、 Even if 意为 “即使， 纵然， 虽然” ， 用于引导让步状语从句， 相当于 even though， 从句常用一般时代替将来时。 若从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语中含有 be 动词，从句的主语和 be 动词可以省略。 Even if /though I fail this time， I will try again. They wont go to the pay even if/though (they are) invited. 归纳拓展 even if 的易混短语为 as if。as if(=as though) 意为“好像”， 引导方式状语从句 或表语从句，从句有
29、时会用虚拟语气。 It looks as though it is going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨。(引导表语从句) He behaved as if he had never heard of such a thing before. 他表现得好像以前从没听说过这样一件事一样。(引导方式状语从句) 2. Friends should be careful y chosen and relationships carefully developed. 选择朋友须谨慎， 经营友情须用心。 本句存在并列句的省略现象， and 连接的两个分句结构相同， 谓语部分都有 should b
30、e， 那么可以省略第二个分句中的 should be。 本句完整的形式应该是： Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships should be carefully developed. 并列句的省略情况并列句的省略情况 在并列结构中，当连接的分句里含有相同成分或表达时，通常会进行省略，以避 12 免重复。 (1)谓语动词的省略 My office is on the ground floor and hers() on the first.(省略 is) 我的办公室在一层，她的在二层。 Reading means a full ma
31、n， conference() a ready man， and writing() an exact man.(省略 means) 阅读使人充实， 交谈使人敏捷， 写作使人缜密。 (2)主语和谓语动词的一并省略(注：此结构会给理解带来很大障碍) You must stop， and() at once this sort of behavior.(省略 you must stop) 你一定要停止，并且立刻停止这种行为。 They attempted to escape， but() in vain.(省略 they attempted) 他们试图逃跑，但这是徒劳的。 三课堂练习 单句语法填空
32、 1.Everyone had _opinion on the subject. 2.The movie is_(base)on a real-life incident. 3.Smoking can lead to as low and painful_(die) . 4.I was _(mean) to be working on Sunday， but I just fooled around all day. 5.I dont agree with her， but I admire her _sticking to her principles. 6.Meg stared at he
33、r_(reflect)in the bedroom mirror. 7.Three attempts on the 200-metre record ended in_(fail) . 8.Baker was smoothing _differences with European allies. 9.Both sides have benefited _the talks. 10.Generally _(speak)，people like to hear compliments from others. 答案：1.an 2.based 3.death 4.meant 5.for 6. re
34、flection 7.failure 8.out 9.from 10.speaking 四课后练习：(1)阅读理解 (2020南通一中高一) 13 Do you have good friends?Do you sometimes feel so close to them that they are like family to you? It turns out that this isnt just an expression.Astudy by Yale University， and the University of California，San Diego，has found t
35、hat you and your friends have more genes in common than strangers do， the Guardian reported. Researchers looked at the genes of 1，932 people and compared them in pairs of unrelated friends and strangers.They found that friends have one percent of genes that match. “ One percent may not sound like mu
36、ch to the layperson( 外 行 ) ，but to geneticists(遗传学家)it is a significant number,Professor Nicholas Christakis of Yale University told Discovery New. In fact， this is the same amount of genes you share with your fourth cousins，those who have the same great- great-great grandparents as you. So is it a
37、coincidence that you become friends with people who share your genes?Not at all.In fact， it is evolution that brings you together. People who share certain genes also share skills and have similar likes and dislikes， researchers said.In ancient times， it was criticalthat people who were alike stayed
38、 together.For example， people who had a similar susceptibility(易感性) to the cold were more likely to help each other build a fire， giving them a better chance to survive. Researchers also found that among all the genes studied， those affecting sense of smell were the most similar in friends. This is
39、probably because people who smell things in the same way are more easily drawn to similar environments.For example， people who like the smell of coffee may hang out at cafes more often and are therefore more likely to meet and become friends with each other. Based on their findings， the team has dev
40、eloped an interesting test called the “friendship score”.It calculates how big the chances are that two people will be friends by studying their genes. So， here is a question for you：would you like to take this test and know in 14 advance who your friends are going to be，or would you still prefer to
41、 figure it out by yourself and let time be the judge? 1.What is the authors main purpose in writing the article? A.To explain why friends share skills and interests. B.To report on recent findings about making friends. C.To analyze what influences the way people make friends. D.To explain an interes
42、ting test called the“friendship score”. 2.According to the researchers of the study， people_. A.form friendships by complete coincidence B.are genetically similar to their friends， compared to strangers C.make friends with those who share nearly 10 percent of their genes D.may share more similar gen
43、es with their friends than with their fourth cousins 3.With the examples of ancient people developing the ability to speak and helping each other build a fire， the author intends to_. A.show how ancient people helped each other survive B.explain that similar interests are what lead to friendship C.s
44、how that it is evolution that brings friends together D.tell us why it was easier for ancient people to find friends 4.According to the article, people with similar genes that affect their senses of smell_. A.like to hang out at cafes more often B.are easily attracted to the smell of their friends C
45、.are more likely to be attracted to a similar environment D.can identify people in a crowd who can become friends 答案： 语篇导读这是一篇新闻报道， 来自耶鲁大学和加利福尼亚大学的研究发现： 与陌生人相比，朋友之间的基因有相似性，所以朋友有时更像是家人。 1B【解析】推理判断题。这是一篇新闻报道，第一段两个一般疑问句引起读者 的注意，第二段提出了本文主要表达的观点， 也是作者的写作目的。根据第二 15 段中的 “Astudy by Yale University and the U
46、niversity of California，SanDiego，has found that you and your friends have more genes in common than strangers do， the Guard in reported.”可知， 这篇文章主要讲述关于交朋友的这项新发现。并且根 据“the Guardian reported可知， 这是一篇新闻报道， 选项 B 中的 report 与这 句话中的 reported 呼应，并且选项 B(报道关于交朋友的最新发现)与文章内容吻 合。故选 B。 2B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A study
47、byYale University and the University of California， SanDiego， has found that you and your friends have more genes in common than strangers do， the Guardian reported.”可知， 与陌生人相 比，朋友之间的基因有相似性。故选 B。 3C【解析】推理判断题。这个例子出现在第五段，根据“So is it a coincidence that you become friends with people who share your gene
48、s?Not at all.In fact ，it is evolution that brings you together.”可知， 该段应该是对进化如何将你们带到一 起成为朋友的解释。本段谈到了有相似基因的人也有相似的技能和喜好，然后以 古代人为例，说明只有遇到拥有相似基因的人他们才能发展语言技能，同时，同 样对冷感受比较强烈的人更可能会互相帮助生火， 作者举这些例子都是为了说明 人们选择了拥有相似基因的人为友，是因为进化的需要。故选 C。 4C 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据倒数第三段中的 “This is probably because people who smell things
49、in the same way are more easily drawn to similar environments.”可知， 有相同嗅觉基因的人更容易被吸引去相似的环境中。故选 C。 (2)七选五 (2019江苏苏州高级中学高一) It can be difficult to meet new people and make friends， especially when you move to a new city or find yourself out of your comfort zone.How will you deal with the situation?1_.Th
50、ere are several ways that you can meet people that you might not have considered in the past. 2_.You probably have several acquaintances that you see on a daily basis or a weekly basis.If you get along well with certain people， you can see if this acquaintance would like to go out and do something s
