1、Unit 5 Languages Around the World 掌握限制性定语从句。 能够在语境中灵活运用限制性定 语从句。 激发学生学习语言的热情，培养 学习语法的兴趣。 目标 MENU Leading-in While-class After-class Part.1 Leading-inPart.1 Leading-in Activity1: Discovering-Look at these sentences and Look at these sentences and underline the restrictive attributive clauses. What un
2、derline the restrictive attributive clauses. What kind of information does each clause communicate? kind of information does each clause communicate? 1.It was a time when people were divided geographically. 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chine
3、se writing system began to develop in one direction. 3. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language. 4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. uInformation: a time for an event. uInformation: a location for an event. uInformation: a
4、reason for an action. uInformation: a location for an action. 1. It was a time when people were divided geographically. uInformation: a time for an event. 小结小结 1 1 先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做 时间状语时，连接词使用when. It was a time. At that time people were divided geographically. 2. Emperor Qinshihuang united the sev
5、en major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. uInformation: a location for an event. 小结小结 2 2 先行词（即被修饰的名词）先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做在从句中做地点地点 状语状语时，连接词使用时，连接词使用where.where. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified countr
6、y. In that country the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. 3. There are many reasons why people learn a foreign language. uInformation: a reason for an action. 小结小结 3 3 先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做原因 状语时，连接词使用why。 There are many reasons. Because of these reasons, people learn a foreign la
7、nguage. 4. These were animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 小结小结 4 4 先行词指物先行词指物且且在从句中做在从句中做状语状语时，连接词时，连接词可以用可以用 介词介词+which+which来替换关系副词，其中介词的选择和来替换关系副词，其中介词的选择和 先行词的搭配有关。先行词的搭配有关。 There were animals bones and shells. Symbols were carved by ancient Chinese pe
8、ople on them. These were animal bones and shells on which(=where) symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 介词介词+which (+which (如如on which)on which)的结构一般限于比较正式的文体中。的结构一般限于比较正式的文体中。 uInformation: a location for an action. Part.2 While-classPart.2 While-class 关系副词的作用如下： 1指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。 2在从句中充当
9、句子成分状语，即在从句中 起副词的作用。 3起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来构成 主从复合句。 定语从句()关系副词的用法 当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中用 作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用 关系副词when, where, why或“介词 which”。 1when引导定语从句 when表示时间,代替先行词并在定语从句中做时间状语，其先行 词往往是表示时间的名词，如time, day, year, month, week等。 2where引导定语从句 where表示地点, 代替先行词并在定语从句中做地点状语，其先 行词往往是具体地点place, room, mountain, airpo
10、rt或抽象地点 的名词如case, state, condition, point, situation等。 3why引导定语从句的用法 why表示原因, 代替先行词并在定语从句中做原因状语，其先行 词是表示理由的名词reason。 一、关系副词引导定语从句 二、关系代词与关系副词的选用 定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系 副词可以用以下两种方式判断： 用法用法依据依据 根据从句的谓语动根据从句的谓语动 词词 是及物动词，后面若无宾语， 用关系代词；是不及物动词 则用关系副词 根据先行词在从句根据先行词在从句 中所作的成分中所作的成分 把先行词代入定语从句中， 若作主语或宾语用关系代词； 作状
11、语则用关系副词 三、介词+关系代词引导的定 语从句 关系副词when, where, why引导定语从句时， 关系副词也可用“介词+关系代词“代替。 (1)when可以换成“介词which”。 (2)where可以换成“介词which”。 (3)why可以用for which来代替。 1、介词选择的三原则：一先二动三意义。 一先：根据先行词的搭配习惯来确定。 二动：根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯来 确定。 三意义：根据从句所表达的意义来确定。 2、介词可以后移，此时关系代词可以忽略。 3、名词/代词/数词+of+关系代词 引导的定 语从句通常是非限制性定语从句，该结构 在定语从句中一般作主语。
12、Part.3 After-classPart.3 After-class When I started studying German, it was a struggle. The words felt strange on my tongue,and the grammar would not stay in my head. I told my mum that I wanted to give up, and that I would never live in a country German was spoken. My mum told me that studying a la
13、nguage was not just for my future. It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of a language, the more my brain would grow. And I remember that day I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language. It felt like my brain had doubled in size. when I had finally come to a place I could
14、 think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view. I felt as if I had reached the goal I had been fighting for. I could open a book and see meanings, not just a sea of words. wherewhere I finally understood the reason my mum had encouraged me not to give up. Thanks, Mum! why Thank you!
