1、Unit 2 Sports and Fitness Lesson 1 The Underdog Grammar Warming up Read the sentences. Circle the relative pronouns and underline the relative clauses. 1). When we werent playing on the court which was next to our building, we were watching a game on TV. 2). Pauls favourite player was a guy who play
2、ed for the Charlotte Hornets. 3). Paul was someone who worked really hard for the team. 4). He didnt know hed soon get the chance that hed been waiting for. 5). They were playing The Bears, a team whose record was perfect. 1. which was next to our building 2. who played for the Charlotte Hornets 3.
3、Who worked really hard for the team 4. That hed been waiting for 5. whose record was perfect Answers: 定语从句的定义： 在复合句中修饰或限定主句中某一名词或者代词的从句叫定 语从句，它所修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。限制性定语从句 与先行词之间的关系非常密切，从句说明先行词的性质、身份、 特征等状况。限制性定语从句不能省略，否则句意就不完整。 引导定语从句的关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。 2、关系词的作用：连接主句和从句；指代先行词； 在从句当中充当句子成分。 3、关系词的分类：关系代词：tha
4、t，which，who， whom，whose，as（本单元讲前五个的用法）；关系 副词；when，where，why。 关系代词用于替代指人或物的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、 宾语、定语等成分。 1、who 指人，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。 Here comes the girl who wants to see you. 想见你的那个女孩过来了。（who在从句中作主语） He is the man who I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见到的人。（who在从句中作宾语） 2、whom指人，在定语从句中只作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。若whom前 有介词，则不能用w
5、ho代替，也不可省略。 Rose is the person (whom/who) you should look after. 罗丝是你应该照顾的人。 When I have trouble, he is the only one to whom I can go for help. 当我有困难时，他是我唯一可以求助的人。 3、whose 指人或物，在定语从句中作定语。 They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那个人的车坏了，他们冲过去帮忙。 4、which一般指物，在定语从句中作主语或者宾语。作宾语 时一般可省
6、略。 China is a country which as a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的国家。（which在从句中作主语） The package (which) you are carrying is about to fall. 你拿的包快掉了。（which在从句中作宾语） 5、that 既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表 语，作宾语时一般可省略。指人时一般可用who替代，指物时一 般可用which替代。 The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches o
7、ne million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。（that/who在从句中作主 语） The chair (that/which) you broke yesterday is now being repaired. 你昨天弄坏的那把椅子现在正在修。（that/who在从句中作宾语） 关系代词的选择 两者都可指物，常可互换。其区别主要在于： 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which： The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急，使这条河很危险。 He has to work on Sund
8、ays, which he doesnt like. 他得在星期天工作，他是不喜欢这样的。 The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season. 伦敦队上一个季度打得很好，这个季度却打得很差。 2. 直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which： She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 她可能晚到，那样我们就要等等她。 The documents for which they were searching have be
9、en recovered. 他们找寻的文件已找到了。 This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送来一些波尔图葡萄酒，为此我得向你道谢。 注：有时“介词+which”引导的定语从句可以转换成“介词 +which+不定式”结构： He had only the long nights in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to study. 他只有漫漫长夜可用来学习。 He had a couple of revo
10、lvers with which he could defend himself. = He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一两把手枪用来自卫。 3. 当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时，通常用that： All that she lacked was training. 她缺的只是训练。 Have you everything that you need? 你需要的东西
11、都有了吗? The sleeping mans subconscious mind retained everything that was said around him. 这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。 She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。 4. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时，通常用that： This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。 T
12、hose are the very words that he used. 那是他的原话。 5. 当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时，通常 用that： This is the best dictionary that Ive ever used. 这是我用过的最好的词典。 The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你应该做的第一件 事是订个计划。 6. 当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that： China is not the country (that) it was. 中
13、国已不是过去的中国了。 7. 当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that： They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。 8. 当要避免重复时： Which is the course that we are to take? 我们选哪门课程？ Task 1： I. Look at the relative pronouns in Activity 9. What does each refer to (people, things or possession
14、s)? Then use proper relative clauses to complete the sentences. 1. Paul was a basketball player . 2. His favourite player was a guy . 3. He played in the team . 4. He helped his team win the game . 1. Paul was a basketball player who was usually on the bench being a replacement. 2. His favourite pla
15、yer was a guy who was also only 1.6 metres tall. 3. He played in the team which was called The Lions. 4. He helped his team win the game which made him a hero. Answers: . When can we leave out that, which or who in relative clauses? Choose the correct option. a when it comes before a verb and functi
16、ons as a subject b when it comes before a noun or pronoun and functions as an object Task 2： Complete the sentences with relative pronouns. Circle the relative pronouns that can be left out. 1. Have you found the keys you lost? 2 We stayed at a hotel Tom recommended to us. 3The people work in the of
17、fice are very friendly. 4 Whats the name of the man car you borrowed? 5 The man I was sitting next the other plane talked all the time. that/which that/which that/who whose that/who 知识巩固：知识巩固： 1. Do you still remember the museum _ we visited three months ago? A. where B. when C. which D. what 2.How
18、are things going, Mr. White? Well, they have set out to deal with the present situation_ deserves their immediate attention. A. whose B. who C. whereD. which 3. Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world. A. when B. whereC. whichD. whom 4. What surprised me wa
19、s not what he said but the way _ he said it. A. that B. in that C. what D. where 5. I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise. A. whoseB. why C. whereD. which 6. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor. A. of whom B. whomC. of whose D. whose 1.答案：C 解析：考查定语从
20、句关联词搭配。A在地方；B在时候；C指代人或 物；D指代物，表示东西，本句为定语从句，从句中visited缺宾语，用 which，句意：你还记得我们三个月前参观的博物馆吗？故选C 2.答案：D 解析：句意:事情进展的怎么样,珍妮？他们已经开始着手处理目前 的现状,他们认为这值得引起他们的注意,下文中先行词the present situation为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语,指物,故引导词用which,选D。 Answers: 3.答案：C 解析：句意：最后他到达了一个完全与外部世界隔绝的孤岛上。句 中的先行词a lonely island在后面的定语从句中作主语, 故用which引导。 因先行词
21、是地点名词短语a lonely island, 学生很容易误选where来引导 定语从句而不去分析先行词在句中所作的成分。故选C。 4.答案：A 解析：此处先行词是the way，其后的关系词可用in which，which或 that，故选A。句意：使我感到惊讶是不是他所说的而是他说话的方 式。 5.答案：A 解析：题目考查定语从句的关系词。a couple是先行词,这对夫妻 的孩子很吵,children和couple是所属关系,故用whose作定语,相当 于the children of whom,故选A。 6.答案：D 解析：考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是anyone,关系代 词whose指代先行词在句中放在family的前面做定语,句意:他的父 母不让他嫁给任何一个家庭贫穷的人。故D正确。 THANK YOU
