1、Unit 1 People of Achievement Sentence structure of the text 1.found vt.创建;建立;把建立在 2.politician n.从政者;政治家;政客 3.numerous adj.众多的;许多的 4.theory n.理论;学说 5.formula n.公式;方程式;配方 6.genius n.天才;天资;天赋 7.patentn.专利;专利证书;获得专利 adj.有专利的;受专利保护的 8.extraordinaryadj.不一般的;非凡的;意想不到的 9.photoelectricadj.光电的 10.moustachen.
2、上唇的胡子;髭 1被授予 2.导致,促进 3.一种至关重要的新疗法 4.数十万 5.死于 6.的重要组成部分 be awarded to lead to a crucial new treatment for hundreds of thousands of die from a vital part of 7.一位坚定而耐心的科学家 8.中国研究院 9.组建一支科学家队伍 10.以.为目的 11.成为.的负责人 12.复阅中国古代医药文献 13.的传统植物疗法 14.药用价值 acommittedandpatientscientist the China withtheobjectiveof
3、 ateamofscientists becometheheadof traditionaltreatmentsfor reviewancientChinesemedicaltexts medicalproperties 15.推荐使用_ 16.青蒿提取物 _ 17.治疗发烧 _ 18.试着煮沸_ 19. 从中提取的液体_ 20.陷入了困境_ 21.认输_ suggest using the extract from sweet wormwood treat a fever try boiling the liquid obtained from this get stuck acknowle
4、dge defeat 22.分析医药文献_ 23.用较低的温度 _ 24.提取 _ 25.坚持_ 26. 在自己身上测试药物 _ 27.标准药物_ analysethemedicaltexts usealowertemperature draw out insist on testhemedicineonthemselves astandardtreatment 28.根据；按照 29.团队努力的结果 30.中医 31.科学研究 32.主动语态 33.被动语态 34.两条信息 35.第一人称 36.而不是 37.通向.之路 38.的关键 According to a team effort C
5、hinese medicine scientific research active voices passive voices two pieces of information the first person other than road to the key to 39.流程图 40.一个重要发现 41.关于；与.相关 42.与.不同 43.辨别；在.之间加以区分 44经得起；抵抗 45.磨损；损耗 the flow chart an important discovery relate to be distinct from make a distinction stand up
6、to wear and tear 46.投身于； 47.得出结论 48.在低温下 49.取出；提取 50.花费时间做某事 51.承认.是. 52.突然想起 commit oneself to come to any conlusions at a low temperature draw out spend time in doing sth acknowledge. as. It struck/hit sb that 53.关心；在乎 54.一份教书工作 55.出版 56.不愿意做某事 57.逃离德国 58.掌权；当权 59.无法控制 60.在建造中 care about a teachin
7、g job get published be not willing to do sth flee Germany be in power beyond our control under condtruction 61.在.的帮助下 62.改变主意 63.退出医学院 with the help of quit medical school change ones mind 1 This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded _ Tu Youyou (co-winner), _ research_促使 the
8、 discovery of artemisinin, a crucial new treatment _ malaria. Artemisinin has saved _数十万 lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600, 000 _ 死于it. Artemisinin has become_重要组成部分 the treatment for malaria, a
9、nd is thought _ (save) 100, 000 lives a year in Africa alone. to whose led to for hundreds of thousands of die from a vital part of to save 2.Tu Youyou,_(一位坚定而耐的 科家,)was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated_Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worke
10、d at the China _(academy) of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government_组 建一支科学家队伍 _ 以.为目 的 )discovering a new treatment _malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen._在开始 的时候, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, _ malaria was more common, to study malaria patien
11、ts. for from In the beginning where a committed and patient scientist a team of scientists with the objective of 3.In 1969, she_ 成为 . 的负责人the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments _ the disease. Her team examined over 2, 000
12、old medical texts, and evaluated 280, 000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments _ showed promise in the fight _ malaria. becometheheadof for that aganist 4.One medical text from the fourth century suggeste
13、d_(use) the extract _ sweet wormwood to _(治疗发烧). 5.They then tried _(boil) fresh wormwood, and using _(从中提取的液体) to treat malaria, but this did not _ 起作用 either. 6.Their project _(陷入困境). However, Tu Youyou would not _(认输). 7.She _(analysis) the medical texts again, and _(偶然), she found one sentence _
14、(suggest) a different way _ treat the wormwood. using from treat a fever boiling the liquid obtained from this work got stuck acknowledge defeat analysed by chance suggesting for 8.She concluded that_ (boil) the sweet wormwood _(apparent) destroyed its medical properties. _ (use) a lower temperature
15、 to _ 提取；取出the extract, she found a substance _ worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on_ the medicine _在.上做实验 themselves to make sure _ it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of _ re
16、covered. This medicine，_ was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment_ malaria. boiling apparently using draw out that testing on that whom which for 9._根据；按照 Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon _ (hear) _ she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The h
17、onour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great value of _中医. It is indeed_ honour for Chinas scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world.” According to hearingthat Chinese medicinean 10. We concluded _ by
18、_ (提取) the extract _ a lower temperature, we could find substance _ we need to complete the experiment. 11. She spends a lot of time _ (analyse) her patients dreams. This analysis is very helpful,_ _ (explain) their daily behavour very well. 12. Lu Xun, _ (acknowledge) as one of the _ (great) modern
19、 writers in China, was born in Zhejiang Province in 1881. thatdrawing out at that analysing explaning acknowledged greatest 13. He went to Japan and_ (become) a medical student, _ the objective of _ (improve) peoples health and _ (save) lives. 14. _ 他突然想到 the other Chinese men in the photo apparentl
20、y did not care about _ was happening _ their fellow countrymen. 15. _ this, he concluded _ the crucial problem in China was not physical illness, _ the spiritual illness of people at that time. became with improving saving It struck/hit him that whatto Fromthat but 1.Uponhearingthatshehadbeenawarded
21、the NobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.” 在本句中,“介词upon+动词-ing形式”构成介词短语,用 作时间状语。有时也可以换成“upononesdoing”的 形式。另外,介词upon还可换为on,表示“一件事紧接着另 一件事而发生”。这种用法常见于正式的文体,依据语境,可 译作“在的时候;当时;一就”。相当于连词as soonas或when引导的时间状语从句。 完成句子 (1)我本该在一收到你寄来的这条作为我的生日礼物的可爱 的围巾时就写这封感谢信的。 Ishouldhavewrittenathank-youletterforthe
22、lovely scarfyousentmeformybirthday_. (2)一到飞机场,我们所有人受到热烈欢迎。 _theairport,weallwere welcomedwarmly. uponreceivingit. On/Upon arrivingat “一一就就”的句型小结的句型小结 (1)As soon as/once/when+时间状语从句时间状语从句, +主句主句 (2)The moment/instant/second/minute+时间状语从句时间状语从句, +主句主句 (3)Instantly/Immediately/Directly+时间状语从句时间状语从句, +主
23、句主句 (4)On/Upon+动名词动名词/名词名词, +主句主句 (5)No sooner had+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+(从句从句)than+主语主语+动词的过动词的过 去式去式: *No sooner had he arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚到家他刚到家, 就被要求出另一次差。就被要求出另一次差。 (6)Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely+had+主语主语+过去分词过去分词+(从从 句句)+when/before+动词的过去式动词的过去式: *Hardly had she g
24、one out when it began to snow. 她刚出门她刚出门, 天就开始下雪了。天就开始下雪了。 (7)At the sight/thought/mention of+名词名词, +主句主句: *At the sight of him, I remember my brother who is working in Shanghai. 看到他我就想起了我那在上海工作的弟弟。看到他我就想起了我那在上海工作的弟弟。 语法语法填空填空 (1)I will go there _(direct) I have finished my breakfast. (2)_ moment I h
25、eard the news, I hastened to the spot. (3)_ soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. directly The As (4)Each time he came to Harbin, he could call _ me. (5) You grow _ (young) every time I see you. (7)Upon _ (arrive) at the office, our English teacher began to get down to his work. on younger arr
26、iving/arrival 2.Artemisininhasbecome a vital part ofthe treatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100，000 livesayearinAfricaalone. Sb/sthbethoughtto-意思是“某人、某物被认为-” 这个句型可以转换为Itisthoughtthat- Thevaseisthoughttobeworthlotsofmoney. Ahealthylifeisusuallythoughttoberelatedtotheopen countrysideandhome-grownfoo
27、d. 用用it 作形式主语的主语从句作形式主语的主语从句 常用句型如下：常用句型如下： It+ be +名词名词+ that 从句从句 It+ be + 形容词形容词+ that从句从句 It+ be + 过去分词过去分词+ that从句从句 It+ 不及物动词不及物动词+ that从句从句 It + 及物动词及物动词+ 宾语宾语+ that 从句从句 注解：一般来说主语从句都是放在注解：一般来说主语从句都是放在 , 但有时为了使句子但有时为了使句子 ,避免避免”头重脚轻头重脚轻”, 常用常用 作作 ，从而把主语从句放在，从而把主语从句放在 句首句首 保持平衡保持平衡 it 形式主语形式主语
28、后面后面 1) It is + n. +that It is a pity/shame that. It is a surprise that It is a fact that It is common knowledge that *_(很可惜)we lost the match. *_(这是事实)he cheated in the exam. It is a pity that It is a fact that 可惜的是 令人吃惊的是 事实是 是常识 2) It is + adj. +that Its certain that It is possible/likely that. I
29、t is obvious/clear that It is true that *_(很可能)she will come back tomorrow. *_(很明显) he is an English. It is possible that It is obvious that 肯定 很可能 很明显 的确 3)It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that. It is known to all that. It is reported that. It is believed that. It is suggested that + (should）do. *_(据报道)
30、20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建议)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise. It is reported that It is suggested that 据说 众所周知 据报道 据相信;人们相信 建议 4) It +不及物动词+that It happened that. It occurred to me that It appears/seems that It turned out that *_(刚好)I was out yesterday. *_(我突然想起)I f
31、orgot to sent the letter. It happened that It occurred to me that 碰巧 我突然想起 似乎，好像 原来 5) It + 及物动词及物动词 宾语宾语+ that从句从句 It worried her that It shocked me that . *_(让我吃惊的是) she treated in the exam. It surprised me that 让她担心的是 让我震惊的是 1、That we cant go to see the movie on the weekend is a pity. 2、That his
32、memory was becoming worse worried him a lot . It is a pity that we cant go to see the movie on the weekend. It worried him a lot that his memory was becoming worse. 用用it 作形式主语来改写下面的句子作形式主语来改写下面的句子 改错 1、That is widely believed that smoking can cause cancer. 2、It is suggested that we will hold a meeting next week . It （作形式主语）（作形式主语） 解析解析：过去分词如果是：过去分词如果是suggested , ordered, requested 等表示建议，命令，请求等的词时，主语从句应用虚拟等表示建议，命令，请求等的词时，主语从句应用虚拟 语气，即语气，即“(should) + 动词原形动词原形” (should) hold
