1、高一必修一高一必修一 Unit 3 语法及练习语法及练习 关系代词引导的限制性定语从句关系代词引导的限制性定语从句 1 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 概述：在复合句中作定语定语，修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词名词或代词的从句叫定语从句定语从句。 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是定语从句的分支分支。 限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定 语，若省略，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义，和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号不可用逗号 分开分开。先行词先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词；关系词关系词是引导定语从句的词，并代替先行词 在从句中作一定的句子成分。 构成：构成： 先行词先行词 + 关
2、系词关系词 + 定语从句定语从句 关系词作用：关系词作用： 1. 连接主句和从句 2. 指代先行词 3. 在从句中充当成分 观察定语从句体会其作用观察定语从句体会其作用 1. He showed me the photos（that/which） he took on his trip to Xian. 2. Simon is the poor man whose car has been stolen. 3. Do you know the man that/who is waiting outside? (1) 例句 1 中的黑体词在定语从句中作宾语宾语，可以省略。 (2) 例句 2 中的
3、黑体词在定语从句中作定语定语。 (3) 例句 3 中的黑体词在定语从句中作主语主语，不可省略。 2. 定语从句的先行词及关系代词定语从句的先行词及关系代词 关系词先行词所作成分 who人主语 / 宾语 / 表语 whom人宾语 that人 / 物主语 / 宾语 / 表语 which物主语 / 宾语 / 定语 whose人 / 物定语 There came a lot of children，most of whom I didnt know. 来了许多孩子，大多数我都不认识。 Thats the man whose house has burned down.那就是那个房屋烧毁的人。 God
4、helps those who/that help themselves. 上帝帮助自强的人。 This is the factory which/that we once visited.这是我们曾经参观过的工厂。 注意：注意： （1）关系代词在从句中作宾语宾语时，通常可以省略可以省略。 The man（whom/who/that）you saw just now is our manager.你刚才看见的男子是我们的经理。 （2）在定语从句中作动词宾语时或介词后用 whom，不用 who，口语中 whom 前无介词 时可用 that 或 who 代替。 （3）whose 既可以指人也可以指
5、物既可以指人也可以指物，既可以说“某人的某人的”，也可以说“某物的某物的”。 I dont want to pay for the book whose cover is lost.我不想为这本没有封面的书付款。 单句语法填空单句语法填空 (1)I admire my classmates_ English is good. (2) The report_will be given tomorrow is important to us. (3) Do you know everyone_came to the party? No，I dont know the one_you had a l
6、ong talk with. (4)Is this the book_your father bought for you? (5) They rushed over to help the man _car had broken down. (6)Who is the man_is speaking to your mother? 用定语从句合并句子用定语从句合并句子 (7) This is the house. Lu Xun once lived in the house. This is the house_. (8) The boy is Tom. The boy is studyin
7、g in the classroom. The boy _ is Tom. 3 .关系代词关系代词 that 与与 which 的区别的区别 用用 that 而不用而不用 which 的情况的情况 （1）先行词是不定代词不定代词或被不定代词修饰。 （2）先行词前有 the very，the only 等修饰。 （3）先行词是序数词序数词、形容词最高级最高级或被其修饰。 （4）先行词前有疑问代词 which 时。 （5）先行词既有人也有物人也有物。 （6）先行词为主句的表语或关系代词在从句中作表语表语。 （7）there be 句型中，句子的主语是先行词而且又是指物的名词。 用用 which 的
8、情况的情况 （1）引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句。 （先行词和后面的定语从句被逗号逗号隔开） Paper-cutting，which is a traditional art form in our country，dates from the Han Dynasty. 剪纸可追溯到汉朝，它是我们国家的传统艺术形式。 （2）在定语从句中作介词的宾语介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时。 This is the book for which I paid five dollars.这就是我花 5 美元买的那本书。 【学法点拨】 学习语法（定语从句）时，我们不要为太多的规则所累，要学会抓住
9、其核心知识，如关系代 词 that 和 which 的区别， 我们不难发现， that 的用法多于 which， 因此我们只要谨记 which 的特殊用法，自然就不会用错。 单句语法填空单句语法填空 (1) When people talk about the cities of China, the firstcomes into their mind is Beijing. (2) This is the most interesting storyI have ever read. (3) Who was the womanyou were talking with? (4) Maybe
10、 you have a habitis driving your family crazy. (5)In the end，she decided to sell the housewindows were almost all broken. (6) I like the very methodshe uses to learn English. (7) Is there anythingI can do for you? (8) Tom has the good qualities of kindness and honesty，is what his parents expect. (9)
11、Im really interested in allyou have said. (10)Here is the book aboutI told you yesterday. 参考答案参考答案 2. 定语从句的先行词及关系代词定语从句的先行词及关系代词 (1) whose (2) which/that (3) who/that；whom/who/that (4) which (5) Whose (6)that (7) that/which Lu Xun once lived in (8) that/who is studying in the classroom 3 关系代词 that 与 which 的区别 (1)that (2)that (3)that (4)that/which (5)whose (6)that (7)that (8)which (9)that (10)which
