（2019版）新人教版高中英语必修第二册第一单元Section Ⅰ课文知识点讲义与练习（含答案）.zip

新人教（2019）必修二第一单元Section Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking重点词汇讲解重点词汇讲解Point1 former 用法详解former adj.以前的;(两者中)前者的Many of his former supporters voted against him.他以前的许多支持者投票反对他。特别提醒the former 表示“前者”,the latter 表示“后者”,两者相对,只可用于两个人或物之间。归纳拓展former president 前总统in former times 从前formerly adv.以前;从前(=previously)经典例题 单句写作(1)它是土耳其过去的首都。It wasof Turkey. (2)从前妇女很难得到认可。,it was difficult for women to achieve recognition. (3)他追查到了堂弟和叔叔的下落,前者当了一名医生,后者当时正在病中。He tracked down his cousin and uncle. worked as a doctor and was sick then. 参考答案(1)the former capital(2)In former times (3)The former;the latterPoint2 promote 用法详解promote vt.促进;提升;推销;晋级promote the development of促进的发展promote sth.宣传/推广某事物promote sb.to提升某人为; (使)某人晋升为The band has gone on tour to promote their new album.这个乐队已开始巡回宣传他们的新唱片。She worked hard and was soon promoted.她工作勤奋,不久就得到了提升。The boss promoted him to a higher rank for his successful work.因为他工作干得出色,老板给他晋升了一级。归纳拓展promotion n.晋升;(体育运动队的)晋级,升级;促销活动promoter n.(尤指体育赛事的)主办者,承办者; 提倡者经典例题1.单句写作(1)我们所有的项目都旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。All our projects aim to poor and remote communities. (2)这名演员正在宣传他最新的影片。The actor . 2.单句语法填空(1)I was promotededitor soon.(2)Her(promote) to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise.(3)The program has been produced(promote) the publicity of Chinese culture.参考答案1.(1)promote the development of(2)is promoting his latest film2.(1)to(2)promotion(3) to promotePoint3 app(application) 用法详解(1)application n.申请(表);用途;运用;应用(程序)。app 是其缩略形式。create/make an app about 创建有关的应用程序fill in an application form 填写申请表make an application for 申请Have you filled in the application form for a new passport?你填写领新护照的申请表了吗?Barbara made an application for a job as a nurse.芭芭拉申请了一份护士工作。(2)application n.涂抹;敷用The application of a wet cloth will prevent cracking.敷上一块湿布可防止出现开裂。归纳拓展(1)apply vt.申请;应用;涂;敷;使专心从事apply for 申请apply to do 申请做apply to 向申请;适用于applyto 把运用于;把涂/敷于apply oneself to (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事(2)applicant n.申请人;求职者经典例题1.单句语法填空(1)We had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in classour future professions. (2)Technology is also the(apply) of scientific knowledge to solve a problem. (3)All the(apply) are interviewed before a final decision is made by the authority. (4)He applied himself diligently to(learn) French. 2.单句写作这项新技术已被应用于农业。The new technology farming. 3.改为同义句He is busy making an application for a job interview.He is busy a job interview. 参考答案1.(1)to(2)application(3)applicants(4)learning2.has been applied to 3.applying forPoint4 take part in 用法详解take part in 参与(某事);参加(某活动)How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games?有多少个国家参加了上届奥运会?My father took part in the charity activity in the neighbourhood yesterday.我父亲昨天参加了社区的慈善活动。归纳拓展play a part (in sth.)参与(某事);在(某事)中起作用 take sb.s part 支持某人,站在某人一边 take an active part in 积极参与易混辨析take part in/join in/participate in/join 易混词(组)意义take part in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等,往往指参加者持有积极的态度,起一定作用join in通常指参加某种活动,尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动participate in通常指参与并分享其中的快乐,可与 take part in 互换join加入(某党派、组织、社会团体以及军队等)经典例题1.单句写作(1)我们应该积极参加学校的活动。We shouldschool activities. (2)年轻人在保护文物方面发挥了作用。The youth the cultural relics. (3)就这一次争论中我兄弟站在了我一边。For once my brotherin the argument. 2.选词填空(take part in/join in/participate in/join)(1)You will be able toa number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor. (2)I will never forget the day when I the Party. (3)He started to sing and I . 参考答案1.(1)take an active part in(2)play a part in protecting (3)took my part2.(1)take part in/participate in(2)joined(3)joined inPoint5 give way to 用法详解(1)让步;屈服(=give in to)We refused to give way to their demands.我们拒绝对他们的要求让步。He should give way to a younger,more decisive leader.他应该让位于更年轻、更有决断力的领导者。(2)让先行; 让自己陷于(某种情绪等);被代替Give way to traffic coming from the left.让从左边来的车先行。After several failures,he gave way to despair.失败了好几次后,他陷入了绝望的深渊中。But over the following days,my excitement gave way to despair.但在接下来的几天里,我的兴奋被绝望所取代。归纳拓展有关 way 的短语:get in the way of 挡的路;妨碍 lead the way 带路,引路;示范feel ones way 摸索着前进;小心从事pay ones way 支付应承担的费用;勉强维持find ones way 找到路,设法到达wind ones way 蜿蜒前进make ones way (to)(朝)前进特别提醒表示“屈服”的词语:give in,submit经典例题1.写出 give way to 的含义(1)The storm gave way to bright sunshine. (2)Throwing herself on the bed,she gave way to helplessness. (3)Would you give way to other passengers,please? 2.用 way 的相关短语填空(1)After clearing his throat,he to the platform. (2)It was so foggy that we had to home. (3)Mr Smith couldnt understand how the stranger to the hotel. 3.改为同义句You shouldnt give way to him on this matter.You shouldnt him on this matter. 参考答案1.(1)被代替(2)让自己陷于(某种情绪等) (3)让先行2.(1)made his way(2)feel our way(3)found his way3.give in toPoint6 preserve 用法详解(1)vt.保存;保护;维持preservefrom保护免于The ship is equipped with special refrigerating devices to preserve food.船上装有特殊的冷藏设备,用来保存食物。Its the duty of the police to preserve the public order.维护公共秩序是警察的职责。The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种免于灭绝。(2)n.保护区;禁猎区;果酱;腌菜,泡菜No hunting is allowed in the preserve.在禁猎区内不许打猎。Mother made some preserves.母亲做了一些腌菜。归纳拓展(1)“动词+宾语+from”结构的短语:rescue/save/freefrom从解救protect/defend/guardfrom保护免受banfrom禁止做discouragefrom劝阻不做(2)preservation n.保护;维护;保存preserved adj.保存的;腌制的be well preserved 保存完好的经典例题1.单句语法填空(1)The town is so beautiful!Its character is well(preserve). (2)We should eat less(preserve) food as it may be associated with cancer. (3)The paintings were in an excellent state of(preserve). (4)Salt preserves food going bad. 2.用“动词+宾语+from”结构的短语填空(1)He a child from drowning. (2)You cantpeople from saying what they think. (3)They stayed closer to themselves from the strong wind. 参考答案1.(1)preserved(2)preserved(3)preservation(4)from2.(1)rescued/saved(2)stop/keep/prevent/ban(3)protectPoint7 balance 用法详解 (1) n.平衡;均匀keep/strike a balance betweenand保持与之间的平衡lose ones balance 失去平衡out of balance 不平衡It is very difficult for me to keep a balance between social activities and studies.让我在社交活动与学习之间保持平衡非常困难。The girl lost her balance and fell off the balance beam.小女孩失去了平衡,从平衡木上摔了下来。(2)n.余额;差额bank balance 银行存款In other words, the balance of trade may cause unhappiness between China and the United States.换句话说,贸易的差额可能会引起中美之间的不愉快。(3)vt.& vi.(使)平衡;权衡;抵消balanceand/with同等重视/兼顾和balance sth.against sth.使与抵消;权衡与balance on one leg 单脚站立She tries to balance home life and career.她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。We balance the benefits against the costs of medical insurance.我们把医疗保险的好处与其开支加以权衡。归纳拓展balanced adj.平稳的;安定的;和谐的a balanced diet 均衡的饮食a balanced family 和谐的家庭特别提醒表示“权衡与”的短语:weighagainst经典例题1.单句写作(1)我们必须权衡事物的利与弊。We mustof things. (2)他努力用一只脚站稳。He tried. (3)我银行存款不多。Myisnt very large. 2.单句语法填空(1)He cut down on coffee and cigarettes,and ate a(balance) diet. (2)He balanced a trip to the mountainsthe chance of a summer job. (3)It is important for us to keepbalance of nature. 3.改为同义句(1)Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.Try toworkrelaxation. (2)We must balance the quality of the product against its cost.We must the quality of the product against its cost. 参考答案1.(1)balance the advantages against disadvantages(2)to balance on one foot(3)bank balance2.(1)balanced(2)against(3)the3.(1)balance;and/with(2)weighPoint8 lead to 用法详解(1)导致;造成(后果),后接名词或动名词。Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.这些化学物质中有很多会引起癌症或其他疾病。Our unfulfilled desires led to fighting and quarreling.我们未实现的心愿导致了打架和争吵。(2)通向As is known to us,all roads lead to Rome.众所周知,条条大路通罗马。归纳拓展lead sb.to领某人去(地方)lead sb.to do sth.致使某人做某事特别提醒表示“导致”的短语:result in,give rise to,contribute to;表示“通向”的短语:lead up to经典例题1.单句语法填空(1)All the roads(lead) to the city had been blocked. (2)The discovery of new evidence led to the thief (catch). (3)What led you this conclusion? (4)The news led us (believe) that they would come. 2.改为同义句An ordinary cold can soon lead to a fever.An ordinary cold can soon a fever. 参考答案1.(1)leading(2)being caught(3)to(4)to believe2.result in/contribute toPoint9 proposal用法详解(1)n.建议;提议。其后接同位语从句或引起表语从句,从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”。accept/approve/consider a proposal 采纳/批准/考虑建议make a proposal (to sb.) (向某人)提出建议He accepted the proposal at once,as he thought it was just a friendly contest.他立刻接受了这个提议,因为他认为那只是一场友谊赛而已。I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.我提了个建议,下周我们开个会。His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits.他提议我们应该改掉这些不良习性。(2)n.求婚make/offer a proposal to sb.向某人求婚He has fallen in love with a farmers daughter and has made a proposal to her.他爱上了一个农夫的女儿,并已经向她求婚了。归纳拓展propose vt.建议;提议;求婚;提名propose doing/to do 建议做propose+that 从句(should+动词原形) 建议/提议propose to 向求婚propose a toast (to sb.)(为某人)祝酒 特别提醒表示“建议”的动词:suggest,recommend经典例题1.单句语法填空(1)To her disappointment,her (propose) was refused at the meeting. (2)He proposed(change) the name of the company. (3)I made a proposal that he(send) to hospital at once. 2.改为同义句(1)Tom proposed delaying our decision until the next meeting.Tom delaying our decision until the next meeting. (2)He made a proposal to his girlfriend but was refused.He to his girlfriend but was refused. 参考答案1.(1)proposal(2)changing/to change(3)(should) be sent2.(1)suggested/recommended(2)proposed Point10 protest用法详解(1) n.抗议make a protest against 对提出抗议raise a storm of protest 引起了一场抗议风潮in protest at/against 以示抗议The announcement raised a storm of protest.这个声明引起了一场抗议风潮。The people made a protest against the rise in prices.人们对价格上涨提出抗议。(2)vi.& vt.(公开)反对;抗议protest about/against/at (公开)反对;抗议 protest bitterly/strongly 强烈抗议Environmentalists have been protesting about the destruction of Amazon rainforests.环境保护主义者一直在抗议对亚马孙河热带雨林的破坏。经典例题1.单句语法填空(1)Students took to the streets to protestthe decision. (2)Its no use(protest); I wont change my mind. (3)They went on strike(罢工)(protest) at the new policy. 2.改为同义句All local farmers protested against building the new airport on their farmland.All local farmers building the new airport on their farmland. 参考答案1.(1)against/about/at(2)protesting(3)to protest2.made a protest againstPoint11 likely 用法详解(1)adv.可能地。可以与 very 连用,比较级、最高级分别为 more/less likely,most/least likely。Youll most likely see these animals at dusk.黄昏时分你最有可能会看到那些动物。(2)adj.可能的。常做表语,比较级、最高级分别为 more/less likely,most/least likely。be likely to do 可能做It is likely that可能Tickets are likely to be expensive.入场券可能很贵。Its more than likely that the thieves dont know how much it is worth.盗贼很可能不知道此物的价值。归纳拓展unlikely adj.不大可能的易混辨析likely/possible/probable易混词意义likely指从外表、迹象上判断,有可能发生。与 probable 意思相近。likely 既可用人,也可用物做主语,句型是 It is likely that或 Sb./Sth.is likely to (do)possible客观上有可能,含有希望很小的意味。常用句型有 It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.或 It is possible that。possible做表语时不能用人做主语probable可能性比 possible 大,表示“很可能”。常用句型有 It is probable that或 It is possible (for sb.) to do。probable 做表语时也不能用人做主语经典例题1.单句语法填空(1)Childrens early sleeping problems are likely(continue) when they grow up. (2)Depressed patients are(likely) to become ill than normal people. (3)Stephen Hawking believed that the earth is(likely) to be the only planet where life has developed gradually. 2.选词填空(likely/possible/probable)(1)There are only a few clouds.The weather isto be fine. (2)It seemsthat the meeting will not be a success,as someone has left halfway. (3)Would it befor me to leave a message for her? 3.一句多译我们可能晚些时候会见到他。(1)(likely adj.) (2)(likely adv.) (3)(possible) 参考答案1.(1)to continue(2)more likely(3)unlikely 2.(1)likely(2) probable(3)possible 3.(1)We are likely to see him later. (2)We will likely see him later.(3)It is possible for us to see him later.Point12 turn to 用法详解(1)求助于He often turns to me for help when he is in trouble.他有麻烦时常向我求助。I have no one but you to turn to.你是我唯一可以请求帮助的人。(2)致力于More and more people turn to computer science.愈来愈多的人从事计算机科学研究。(3)转向“Just a minute,” the American says,turning to his hostess.“且慢!”那个美国人一边说着一边转向他的女主人。(4)翻到If you turn to Page 40,you will find it.翻到第 40 页,你就会找到它。(5)变成It is getting colder,and I think the rain will soon turn to snow.天越来越冷,我想雨很快就会变成雪。归纳拓展有关 turn 的短语:turn around/round 转身turn down 关小;拒绝turn in 上缴;上交 turn off 关掉turn up 出现;露面;调大 turn over 移交;打翻;翻身turn out 生产;结果是;出动经典例题 1.写出 turn to 的含义(1)He couldnt earn a living as a novelist,so he turned to a journalist. (2)Let me turn to my notes to refresh my memory of the figures. (3)As no help came,peoples sadness turned to helplessness. 2.用 turn 的相关短语填空(1)Dont the computer before closing all programs,or you could have problems. (2)Much to the familys surprise,Dennis at the hospital with gifts for the new mother and her baby. (3)However,anger can easily violence,and it is best to know the reasons for anger. (4)How could you such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months? 参考答案1.(1)改行,转向(2)参看,查阅(3)变成2.(1)turn off(2) turned up(3)turn to(4) turn downPoint13 limit 用法详解(1)vt.限制;限定limit sth.to sth.把限定在的范围内be limited to sth.受限制于Try to limit your speech to five minutes.尽量把你的演讲限制在 5 分钟内。 The teaching of history should not be limited to dates and figures.教授历史不应该局限于讲年代和人物。(2)n.界限;限度put/set a limit to对限制within the limits of 在的范围内without limit 无限(制)地There is a limit to有对的限制They have to set a limit to the expense of the trip.他们不得不限制这趟旅行的费用。Our life has a limit,but knowledge is without limit.生命有限,知识无涯。归纳拓展limitless adj.无限制的;无界限的limited adj.有限的limitation n.局限;控制经典例题 1.单句语法填空(1)I was sorry that my vocabularies were so(limit) that I could find no words to describe it. (2)Ill help as much as I can,but there is a limitwhat I can do. (3)There are(limit) possibilities if you keep an open mind. 2.单句写作(1)你最好给每月的开支设置限度。You had betterthe monthly expenses. (2)那孩子的想象力是无限的。the childs imagination. 参考答案1.(1)limited(2)to(3)limitless2.(1)set a limit to(2)There is no limit to Point14 loss 用法详解(1)n.丧失;损失loss of sight 失明at a loss 不知所措;蒙受损失be a loss to sb.对某人来说是一种损失Im at a loss what to do next.我对下一步做什么心里没谱。(2)n.去世;逝世 The loss of his wife was a great blow to him.他妻子的去世对他是个巨大的打击。归纳拓展lose vt.失去lose ones job 失业lost adj.迷路的;迷失的;丢失的make up for lost time 弥补失去的时间 be lost in 迷失于;沉浸于经典例题 1.单句写作(1)失明完全改变了他的生活。 has completely changed his life. (2)有五双鞋可供选择,但我不知道买哪一双。There are five pairs of shoes to choose from,but Im which pair to buy. 2.单句语法填空(1)She was silent for a while,(lose) in thought. (2)The closure of the factory will lead to a number of job(lose). 参考答案1.(1) Loss of sight(2) at a loss2.(1)lost(2)lossesPoint15 contribution用法详解n.捐款,捐资;贡献;稿件make a contribution to (doing) 为做贡献Personally,I am ready to make a contribution to those who are badly off.就我而言,我是很乐意捐款给那些穷困潦倒的人的。Everyone should make a contribution to protecting the environment.每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。All contributions for the May issue must be received by Friday.所有要在五月这一期发表的稿件必须在星期五以前寄到。归纳拓展contribute vt.捐献;撰稿;是的原因之一 contribute to 为捐献/撰稿;导致;促成contributor n.投稿人;捐款者;(节目的)嘉宾特别提醒表示“向捐款”的短语:donate to 经典例题 1.单句语法填空(1)We contributed 5,000the earthquake fund. (2)Who made a great (contribute) to the civil-rights movement in the US? (3)He was awarded a prize for his contribution to(protect) the environment. 2.改为同义句They made a contribution to the relief fund.They the relief fund. 参考答案1.(1)to(2)contribution(3)protecting2.contributed/donated toPoint16 within用法详解(1)prep.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内 within reach of 在附近(距离不远)within ones reach 在某人够得着的范围w