1、Unit 1 ArtReading and ThinkingWhat do you know about the picture? Do you know who painted it?Lead inSchool of Athens1. She has a reputation for being calm and cool-headed. 她以沉着冷静著称。2. Great chess players have a reputation for being both eccentric and argumentative. 国际象棋大师们以性格怪异和好与人争辩而闻名。Language poi
2、ntreputation n. 名声，名誉名声，名誉fame : 普通用词，含义广，一般指好名声，可大可小，可远可近。honor : 侧重指因高尚的举止，忠心或诚实而受到公众钦佩和崇敬，得到好名声和荣誉。reputation : 通常指熟悉某人或某地的人对该人、该地的看法，可好可坏。glory : 指因功绩卓著而获得的令人称颂的光荣或荣誉地位。renown : 指远近闻名的声誉。【词义辨析】fame, honor, reputation, glory, renown 这些名词均有这些名词均有名声，名誉名声，名誉之意。之意。set apart from 使与众不同；使突出；使优于使与众不同；使突
3、出；使优于1.The small public space offers a quiet resting area set apart from the crowded sidewalks of a busy shopping district. 这片小型的公共空间为路人提供了一个安静的休息之所，能够暂时逃离拥挤的繁忙的商业区的街道。2. The garage, large enough for two cars, is set apart from the house. 可停放两辆车的车库是和住房分开的。【拓展】set out 动身；开始；装饰 set up 开办；建立；设立 set one
4、self up as 以自居 set aside 提出；把置于一旁 set out 制定，打算 set about 开始；散布(谣言等) 1. He was demoted to the rank of ordinary soldier. 他被降为普通一兵。2.The findings are arranged in rank order according to performance. 这些研究结果是根据性能等级排列的。rank n. 地位；级别地位；级别 v. 把把分等级分等级class : 含义广泛，指人或物按优劣划分的等级，也指学校中的年级或班级。degree : 指程度、范围不同，
5、社会地位的高低。也可指形容词或副词的级。grade : 指按地位或优劣划分的等级，既可指人又可指物。rank : 指人在社会中的地位或等级，尤指军队中的军衔。【拓展】class, degree, grade, rank 这些名词均有这些名词均有级，等级级，等级之意。之意。emerge v. 出现；浮现；暴露出现；浮现；暴露1. The favored candidate will probably emerge after private discussions. 中意的候选人很可能将在私下讨论后产生。2. The cancer may re-emerge years later. 癌症可能在
6、多年之后复发。【拓展】appear, emerge, show, loom 这些动词均有这些动词均有出现出现之意。之意。appear : 强调公开露面，被看见。emerge : 侧重缓缓出现的过程。show : 语气较强，强调露出来。loom : 指朦胧出现，好像从雾中浮现出来一样。1.Before you read, look at the paintings in this section. What do you know about them? Do you know who painted them?ContentA Short History of Western Painting
7、What is Western art? It is hard to give a precise definition. As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.The Mid
8、dle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters were often made much lar
9、ger than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337). While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realis
10、tic human faces and deep emotional impact.The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result, painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. An important breakt
11、hrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (1401-1428). Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Michelangelo (1475-1564), and Raphael (1483-1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccios innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.Anothe
12、r innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606-1669), who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.I
13、n subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories fro
14、m mythology. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve
15、what people and the world looked like. Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet (1840-1926) called Impression, Sunrise. In this work, Monets aim was to convey the li
16、ght and movement in the scenethe subjective impression the scene gave himbut not a detailed record of the scene itself.While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (1841-1919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time pe
17、riod, Renoirs paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.Modern Art (from the 20th century to today)After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, What do we do next? Painters s
18、uch as Picasso (1881-1973) tried to analyse the shapes which existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality. Still others turned to abstract art. What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the q
19、uestion, What is art?“Picasso (1881-1973) 2. Read the passage and make flow chart to show the changes in Western painting styles.The MiddIe Ages The RenaissanceImpressionismModern Artconvey the light and movementhumanistic attitude analyse the shapereligrous themes3 Match the paintings below with th
20、e correct period of art. Use the information in the reading passage to help you.The Renaissance Impressionism Modern Art 1 Which period of Western art do you like most? Why are you fond of it?2 How would you answer the question ，“What is art?”4. Discuss the following questions in groups.1. Recite new words and phrases.2. Share your favorite art form with your classmates.Bye-bye!
