1、Unit 1Period2Learning about Language【基础训练】.单词拼写1You can lose yourself in a sea of similar hairstyles and _ (思维) styles.2Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of theirseeds, raspberries contain a little more _ (蛋白质), iron and zinc.3The basic unit of the human
2、 body is the _ (细胞).4Some genetically engineered plants can resist such as _ (病毒) or pests.5Moth, meanwhile, after an _ (最初的) struggle, found his symptoms werestrangely reduced by their daily tiring journey.6And if you keep things to yourself, your relationship will not be based on the truth, whichi
3、s fundamental to a s_ (坚实的) foundation.7Scientists have recently provided us with a worrying _ (发现).8The bridge over the sea which was built last year has a steel _ (框架).9Now the experts are devoted to the research on the novel coronavirus _ (疫苗).选词填空be combined with, be suspected of, be linked to,
4、make sense, rather than, be ready to (do), aswell as, care about, carry out, calm down1The guard _ killing the girl by the police.2Britain _ the rest of Europe by the Channel Tunnel.3It is known to us that theory must _ practice.4Planning so far ahead doesnt _so many things will have changed by next
5、year.5Its time for us to _ the previous plan.6Everything is packed, and we _ leave.7When you get upset, you can take a few deep breaths to _8In my opinion, you shouldnt _ your appearance too much.9The teacher _ his students is going to plant trees tomorrow.10Its better to express your anger, _ bottl
6、e it up.语法专练用适当的连接词填空1America was _ was first called “India” by Columbus.2The problem I have been worrying about is _ we can finish the project on time.3The reason why he failed is _ he was too careless in what he did.4Aship in harbor is safe, but that is not _ ships are built for.5From space, the e
7、arth looks blue. This is _ about seventyone percent of itssurface is covered by water.6The question is _ Tom will reach the Great Wall on a stormy day, by bus or bytaxi.7Ive just read a moving story. Thats _ my face is bathed in tears.8The school laboratory is _ the experiment should be conducted to
8、 confirm whatwe have learned.9Monday is _ students should prepare for school and get down to studying hard.10The puzzle of the librarian was _ wallet it was and how to return it.11 One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to placeslike shops and restaurants.12You are
9、 saying that everyone has already had equal rights, and this is _ Idisagree.13It rains so hard and it looks _ it will last long.14He is not the best candidate for the position. So the problem is _ we can get toreplace him.15I read about it in some book or another, but what I dont know is _ book it i
10、s.【能力提升】.阅读AAs data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing forbiometric (生物测量) technologieslike fingerprint scansto keep others out of private espaces.At present,these technologies are still expensive, though.Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come upwit
11、h a lowcost device(装置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures thecadence (节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboardcould offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and th
12、etime between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard candetermine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to thecomputer its connected toregardless of whether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of tec
13、hnology that people arent already familiar with.Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word“touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used torecognize differe
14、nt participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. Theresearchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostlymade of inexpensive, plasticlike parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.1Why do the researchers develop the s
15、mart keyboard?ATo reduce pressure on keys.BTo improve accuracy intyping.CTo replace the password system.DTo cut the cost of espace protection.2What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?A.Computers are much easier to operate.BFingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.CTyping patterns
16、 vary from person to person.DData security measures are guaranteed.3What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?AItll be environmentfriendly.BItll reach consumers soon.CItll be made of plastics.DItll help speed up typing.4Where is this text most likely from?AA diary.BA guidebook.CAnovel.DAm
17、agazine.BWhen Gitanjali Rao shared how she likes“finding solutions to real problems”， it was hardto imagine this dynamic girl could settle a problem that had escaped scientists for years.In just three months, Rao came up with a device (装置) that can replace the costly andlengthy tests currently used
18、to reliably determine lead levels in our fresh water. Inspired by thecurrent litigation (诉讼) in Flint, Michigan, a case of water pollution from 2014 until present, Raodesigned a new testing system that resulted in her being named “Americas top young scientist”for 2017.Rao had been following the wate
19、r problem for about two years. She was amazed by thenumber of people affected by lead pollution in water and wanted to do something to change this.Rao spent months trying to convince local high schools and colleges to give her lab time tocontinue her experiment.At home, Rao worked on her project in
20、the “science room” she asked herparents to create for her. Rao has created a device that uses three parts: a cartridge, a Bluetoothreader and an app. To put it simply,the cartridge contains carbon nanotubes(纳米管) thatreact to lead. This reaction is then registered by the Bluetooth reader, which sends
21、 a signal to amobile app that can tell you immediately if your water is safe to drink.Rao appropriately named the device Tethys and is hoping to make a little improvement to getthe device on the market. While we may not be aware of any lead pollution present in our agingpipelines, lead poisoning can
22、 cause delays in physical and mental development. With Raobelieving that the “purpose of science is to make a difference”， her incredible invention couldmake a difference to millions of people in the United States.5What do we know about Raos device?AIts cheap and quick.BIts cheap and inaccurate.CIts
23、 expensive and reliable.DIts portable and timeconsuming.6What made Rao have the idea of designing the device?AHer parents suggestions.BHer desire for winning the award.CHer interest in settling real problems.DThe water pollution litigation in Flint.7What do the carbon nanotubes function as?ASending
24、immediate signals.BDetecting the presence of lead.CRecording the reaction results.DShowing the water quality results.8What does the author think of Raos invention?AIt will lead Rao to make a fortune.BIt will help millions ofAmericans drink safe water.CIt will promote the development of science in Am
25、erica.D.It will soon settle the leadpolluted problem thoroughly.七选五Gardening 380 Kilometers above EarthAstronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also gothrough training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and livingspace w
26、ith plants.Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isnt a new idea.As space trips become longer, it willbe necessary to grow food in space. _1_ Because of this, its not practical to send everythingneeded for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away.Plants can serve many uses on a space j
27、ourney. They can provide more fresh things. _2_Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improvethe quality of the air inside the spacecraftthe only air the astronauts can breathe._3_ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce
28、 stays around theplants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, rootsdont “know”to grow down, leaves dont “know”to grow up, and water doesnt easily travelup the roots to the leaves. _4_ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid ge
29、ls(凝胶) are used to help plant growth.Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants growmore rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to makeplants more resistant to disease. _5_ Imagine that deserts may one day provide
30、lots of fresh foodfor local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease couldprovide an important food supply. With the worlds population now at about 7.7 billion people, ourastronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions.AEvery plant grown
31、in space must have several uses.BHowever, there are challenges with growing plants in space.CSuch methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.DThe cost of taking anything into space is about $22，000 per kilogram.ESpecialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly.
32、FAstronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.GCurrently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks.语法填空CV. Raman, a great Indian physicist, was born in 1888. His father was a lecturer in mathand physics, so CV. Raman was exposed1._scientific things from an early
33、 age.He2._(attend) Presidency College in 1902, getting his BA in 1904 and MA in1907. Though he was a brilliant student, there werent many3._(chance)forscientists in India at that time.4._， after finishing his studies, he went to work forthe Indian Finance Department. But he still carried out his exp
34、erimental research on acoustics (声学).He5._(offer)a professorship in physics at the University of Calcutta in1917 and stayed for the next 15 years,6._(achieve) fame for his research there. In1930, he won the Nobel Prize for his work on the scattering of light. Raman found7._light passes through a tra
35、nsparent(透明的)sample of a substance, most of the light remainsunchanged but a small part of it has8._(differ)wavelengths.This later is9._(know) as the Raman effect and is useful for physical and chemical10._(analyse) of gases, liquids and solids, including biological tissue.参考答案【基础训练】.单词拼写1thinking2.
36、protein3.cell4.viruses5.initial6.solid7finding8.framework9.vaccine.选词填空1was suspected of2.is linked to3.be combined with4make sense5.carry out6.are ready to7.calm down8care about9.as well as10.rather than.语法专练1what2.whether3.that4.what5.because6.how7.why8.where9.when10.whose11.that12.where13as if/th
37、ough14.who/whom15.which【能力提升】.阅读1D推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they havecome up with a lowcost device that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard.”以及第一段最后一句“At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.”可推知， 研究者研发这种智能键盘是为了降低网络安全保护技术的成本。 注意题干、 正确选项以及原文中一些词汇的
38、多次呼应现象：develop 与 come up with 是同义词，expensive 与 lowcost 是反义词，cut the cost与 lowcost 相呼应。2C推理判断题。题干问的是“是什么让智能键盘的发明成为可能”，也就是问这一发明的核心依据是什么。根据第二段中的“These patterns are unique to each person. Thus，thekeyboard can determine peoples identities.”可知，正是因为每个人的打字模式不同，这种智能键盘就可以通过分析用户的打字力度及节奏等来判断该用户是不是安全访客，故 C 项符合题意
39、，解答该题的关键是看懂题干的意思，即智能键盘的核心依据是什么。3B细节理解题。根据题干“研究者对于智能键盘有什么期望”可直接定位到最后一段的最后一句话“The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.”，该团队希望在不久的将来将智能键盘推向市场，故选 B 项。注意：题干中的 expect 与原文中的 hope 呼应，答案选项中的 consumers 与原文中的 market 呼应。4D文章出处题。根据本文的话题“智能键盘”以及第二段中的“Researchers fromGeorgia Tech say that they have
40、come up with a lowcost device.”，尤其是其中的关键词researchers, lowcost device 等来推断，这篇文章是一篇科研报道，最有可能出现在杂志上。5A推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“In just three months, Rao came up with a device(装置) that can replace the costly and lengthy tests currently used to reliably determine lead levelsin our fresh water”可推知，与以前又贵又费时的设备相比，Rao
41、 发明的设备既便宜又省时，与第三段最后一句“This reaction is then registered by the Bluetooth reader, which sends a signalto a mobile app that can tell you immediately if your water is safe to drink”相呼应，故选 A。6D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Inspired by the current litigation (诉讼) in Flint,Michigan, a case of water pollution from 2014 un
42、til present, Rao designed a new testing systemthat resulted in her being named Americas top young scientistfor 2017”可知，Rao 设计测试水中铅含量的装置的想法是受一个水污染诉讼的启发，故选 D。7 B推理判断题。 根据第三段倒数第二句“To put it simply, the cartridge contains carbonnanotubes (纳米管) that react to lead”可推知，这个碳纳米管是可以对铅起反应的，因此可以检测出水中是否含有铅，故选 B。8
43、B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While we may not be aware of any lead pollutionpresent in our aging pipelines, lead poisoning can cause delays in physical and mentaldevelopment”“her incredible invention could make a difference to millions of people in the UnitedStates” 和对本段的整体理解可推知，作者认为 Rao 的发明可以帮助人们快速检测出水中是否含有铅，从而
44、可以大大提高人们饮用水的安全性，意义重大，故选 B。.七选五1D空后是说将所有所需东西带上太空是不切合实际的；据此可推知，空处应是介绍空后一句的原因； 故 D 项“带任何东西到太空的花费大约是每千克 22 000 美元”符合语境。2F根据空前一句可知，植物可以为宇航员提供新鲜的东西；根据空后一句可知，植物还可以改善太空站的空气质量，因为其可以产生氧气；据此可推知，空处应是介绍太空种植植物的好处，即宇航员也喜欢在他们的干粮中有新鲜的果蔬食物，故 F 项正确。3B上文介绍了太空种植的好处，即为宇航员提供新鲜的果蔬、改善太空站的空气质量等；结合下文可知，种植太空果蔬有一定的困难；据此可知，空处承上启
45、下，与上文形成转折关系，故 B 项正确。4E根据上文可知，在失重的情况下，植物的根和叶不知道如何生长，水分也不容易从根部传到叶子上；而空后一句介绍了关于土壤的解决方法；据此可推知，空处应是介绍解决上述问题的方法，故 E 项“正在研制专门的容器去帮助植物正确地生长”符合语境。5C根据空前一句可知，科学家们正在寻找各种让植物少使用水，在太空快速生长，而且可以抵抗病害的方法；且下文又提到改良后的植物对地球的影响；据此可推知，空处应是说明这些方法可以在地球上运用以带来改善，故 C 项正确。.语法填空1to考查固定搭配。expose sb. to sth.意为“使某人接触某物，使某人体验某物”，此处是其
46、被动形式，故填 to。2attended考查时态。由句中的时间状语可知应用一般过去时。3chances考查名词复数。根据空前的 many 可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。4Therefore考查副词。根据语境可知，上下文之间是因果关系，故填 Therefore。5was offered考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示“他被提供”，而且是发生在过去的事情，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。6achieving考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，He 与 achieve 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处要用动词ing 形式作伴随状语。7when考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句，故填 when。8 different考查词形转换。 分析句子结构可知， 此处要用形容词修饰名词 wavelengths。9 known考查非谓语动词。 be known as“作为而出名”， 为固定用法， 故填 known。10analysis/analyses考查词形转换。根据空前的形容词和空后的 of 可知，此处要用名词形式。
