1、选择性必修二Units 1-5EXTENSIVE READINGAPassing on stories from one generation to another is a tradition common in many cultures.Around the world, mothers tell bedtime stories to their children, teachers read classic tales tostudents, and folklore is shared around roaring campfires.Many of our most loved f
2、airy tales and myths are set in places far, far away. So far away infact, that whether they truly exist is questionable. Some people want to believe that these placesactually do exist and go on expeditions (探险) to try to find them. Here is a legendary place thatstill remains beyond our reach.Zerzura
3、 is said to be an oasis (绿洲) city near the River Nile, deep in the Saharan desert. Thelegend is based on the records of an emir (酋长) in Benghazi, Libya.One day in 1481, a mysterious camel driver named Hamid Keila appeared in Benghazi.Hamid told the emir that he was caught in a sandstorm which killed
4、 his camel. After the storm, agroup of tall, fair-haired and blue-eyed men carrying straight swords ( 剑 ) rescued him andbrought him to a beautiful white city in a valley that ran between two mountains. The city gateswere decorated with carvings of strange birds, which earned it the nickname “the oa
5、sis of littlebirds”.Hamid had eventually stolen a ruby ( 红 宝 石 的 ) ring and fled the city. Experts haveapparently examined the ring and inferred that it was made by Europeans in the 12th century.Based on this, Zerzurans may have been descendants of Europeans who got lost in the desert.The emir belie
6、ved Hamid and set out to find Zerzura but was unsuccessful. Later, a group ofEuropean explorers created the “Zerzura Club” in 1930 and started several expeditions usingtrucks and planes. They discovered three valleys in the remote desert, but none matched thedescription of the white city. The “Zerzu
7、ra Club” members kept the legend alive with stories oftheir desert adventures.Complete the following tasks according to the text.1. What is the legend of Zerzura based on?2. When did the legend of Zerzura date back to? What problem did Hamid Keila meet in thedesert?3. Underline the descriptions of Z
8、erzura.4. What was inferred about Zerzurans?5. Find the time markers showing the development of events in Paragraphs 4-6.6. Which sensory detail was mentioned in the text?A. Touch.B. Smell.C. Sight.D. Taste.BBorn in Cordoba in 936, Al-Zahrawi was a doctor for the Spanish royal court. During hislong
9、career, he compiled (汇编) huge amounts of medical knowledge based on existing texts andhis own experience.Al-Zahrawi brought all his knowledge together in Al-Tasrif, or The Method of Medicine. Thiswork was a 30-volume collection of all medical knowledge available at the time. The collectionbegins wit
10、h basic concepts. Then it moves on from these general ideas to describe hundreds oftopics including food and nutrition, skin diseases, and poisons. The final and longest volumedeals with surgery. It includes treatments for head and spinal ( 脊 柱 的 ) injuries, as well astechniques for cutting off a li
11、mb (肢) without killing the patient.The work also includes the worlds first examples of surgical (外科的) instruments such asknives, scissors, and forceps. Many of the instruments look very familiar today. Al-Zahrawistools were helpful for treating conditions such as bone diseases and wounds. They were
12、alsouseful in childbirth. One of Al-Zahrawis most important inventions was the use of catgut (肠线)for sewing up a patient internally after surgery. Catgut is a strong substance that can dissolvenaturally in the body. It is still sometimes used in surgeries today.Al-Zahrawi wrote about his instruments
13、 and methods to share his knowledge with others,including doctors who came after him. However, he surely could not have predicted how his workwould educate and inform surgeons centuries after his death. There was only a single handwrittencopy of Al-Tasrif. It was almost lost during an attack on the
14、area in 1010, when many buildingsand documents were destroyed. Fortunately, the work was saved. Over the next several decades, itwas passed from person to person. Eventually Al-Tasrif was translated into Latin from its originalArabic. More than four centuries after they were written, parts of the wo
15、rk were finally printed in1471.The printed translation spread Al-Zahrawis knowledge throughout Europe. There, it had anenormous influence on medicine and surgery. The Method of Medicine was used as a textbook forsurgery in medical schools for centuries. Al-Zahrawis legacy (遗产) can still be seen in m
16、any ofthe techniques and tools used in modern hospitals. He continues to be regarded as the “father ofmodern surgery”.Complete the following tasks according to the text.1. Write a summary of the text (no more than 100 words).2. Match each section from the text to its main idea. Paragraph 1 _ Paragra
17、phs 2-3 _ Paragraph 4 _ Paragraph 5 _a. The strong influence of Al-Zahrawis work.b. A brief introduction to Al-Zahrawi.c. Al-Zahrawis writings were almost destroyed, but they were saved and then translated.d. Al-Zahrawis writings contain detailed information about medical treatments and tools.3. Put
18、 the events about Al-Zahrawis life and achievements in time order.a. Al-Zahrawi started work as a doctor.b. The original copy of Al-Tasrif was nearly lost.c. The translated version of Al-Tasrif was printed.d. Al-Tasrif was passed on through different people.e. Medical schools in Europe began using T
19、he Method of Medicine as a textbook.f. Al-Zahrawi wrote about his knowledge and inventions in a 30-volume collection.4. Write short answers to these questions about Al-Zahrawis work Al-Tasrif. What are two things described in the last volume of Al-Tasrif? What aspect of Al-Tasrif was unique at the t
20、ime? Al-Zahrawi described the use of catgut in Al-Tasrif. How was this invention useful? How was Al-Tasrif nearly destroyed in 1010?答案A.1. The records of an emir in Benghazi, Libya.2. 1481. He was caught in a sandstorm and his camel was killed.3. a beautiful white city in a valley that ran between t
21、wo mountains. The city gates were decoratedwith carvings of strange birds4. Zerzurans may be descendants of Europeans who got lost in the desert.5. One day in 1481 . After . eventually . Later . in 19306. CB.1. One possible version:Al-Zahrawi was a medical innovator who lived mainly during the 10th
22、century. He worked asa doctor for the Spanish royal court. Al-Zahrawi was an inventor of various surgical tools andtechniques. He compiled all of his knowledge together in his work called Al-Tasrif. A translationof his writings The Method of Medicine was used to teach surgery in European medicalscho
23、ols for hundreds of years. Many of his inventions and methods are still in use today.2. b d c a3. afbdce4.a. The treatments for head and spinal injuries.b. Techniques for cutting off a limb without killing the patient. Surgical instruments. It can dissolve naturally in the body and is still used in surgeries today. Many buildings and documents were destroyed during an attack on the area.
