1、Unit3 Grammar表语从句表语从句一、表语从句的定义：一、表语从句的定义： 表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。复合句中的表语。The question is who will do it.The question is who will do it. 系动词系动词表语从句表语从句二、表语从句的构成：二、表语从句的构成： （系动词系动词）+ 引导词引导词+简单句简单句 What I want to say is that I am tired.引导词引导词表语从句表语从句用做表语的从句叫表语从句位置：位置： 一般放在系动词一般放在系动词be, 后
2、后.The problem is that we have little money.That is what he wants us to do.That is where she got her masters degree.三、引导表语从句的关联三、引导表语从句的关联词的种类：词的种类： 1. 可接表语从句的连系动词有可接表语从句的连系动词有be（is, am, are, was, were）, look, seem, sound, appear等。等。China is no longer what she used to be. 今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。今日的中国不再是过去的中国
3、了。 The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。问题还是他们能否帮我们。 At that time, it seemed as if I couldnt think of the right word. 当时，我似乎怎么也想不出当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。一个恰当的字眼来。 2. 从属连词从属连词whether, as, as if / though引导的表语从句引导的表语从句He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起
4、来还与十年前一样。他看起来还与十年前一样。 It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。听起来好像有人在敲门。 3. because, why引导的表语从句引导的表语从句Thats because he didnt understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。那是因为他没有理解我。(Thats because.强调原因强调原因) Thats why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。那正是他对我生气的原因。(Thats why.强调结果强调结果) reason作主语时，后面的表
5、语从作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用句表示原因时要用that引导，不引导，不宜用宜用because。 The reason why I was sad was that he didnt understand me. 我难过的原因是他没有理解我。我难过的原因是他没有理解我。 4. 连接代词连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词连接副词 where, when, how, why。如： The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到
6、谁去替换她呢。问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 5. 从属连词从属连词that。that在表语从在表语从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何意义。任何意义。如：The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。麻烦是我把他的地址
7、丢了。6. 使用虚拟语气的表语从句使用虚拟语气的表语从句在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用表语从句，谓语动词需用should+动词原动词原形形 表示，表示，should可省略可省略。常见的词有：。常见的词有：advice, suggestion, order, proposal, plan, idea等。等。 My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。 四、应注意的问题：四、应注意的问题： 1. 连系动词连
8、系动词be，appear，seem，look等之后可以跟表语从句。等之后可以跟表语从句。 It was because he didnt pass the exam. It seems（that）he was late for the train. 2. 2. 引导表语从句的引导词有以引导表语从句的引导词有以下几类。下几类。 1）wh-疑问词疑问词My question is who left. 我想问的是谁离开了。我想问的是谁离开了。What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何时离开的。我想知道他是何时离开的。 2）whetherMy question is
9、whether he left（or not）. 我的问题是他我的问题是他是否离开了。是否离开了。注：注：ifif不能引导表语从句。不能引导表语从句。 3）thatThe fact is that he left. 事实是他事实是他离开了。离开了。The truth is that I didnt go there. 事实是我没去那儿。事实是我没去那儿。 4）because，as，as if，as though Its just because he doesnt know her. 这是仅仅因为他不认这是仅仅因为他不认识她。识她。Things are not always as they s
10、eem to be. 事物并不总事物并不总是如其表象。是如其表象。He looks as if hes tired. 他好他好像累了。像累了。 特殊用法:1.because 引导的表语从句.的结构.2.as if / as though引导的表语从句常在连系 动词 look , seem, sound , be , become 后面.My anger is because you havnt finish your homework.It seemed as if the brothers were playing a joke on Henrry.试区分以下句子试区分以下句子Is this
11、 museum what you visited?Is this the museum that you visited?Is this museum the one that you visited?注意：这种句子考试时一定要记住这句话：名注意：这种句子考试时一定要记住这句话：名词前（尤其是单数可数名词前）一定要有限定词前（尤其是单数可数名词前）一定要有限定词。然后把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断句子词。然后把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断句子是属于哪种从句再完成。是属于哪种从句再完成。( (表从表从) )( (定从定从) )( (定从定从) )1. The question is _ we wil
12、l have our sports meet next week. A. that B. if C. when D. whether 2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless. A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left itA where B. there C. there where D. where there 4The problem is _to take the place of Ted A. who can w
13、e get B. what we can get C. who we can get D. that we can get 5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us. A. that B. if C. whether D.不填 6. The reason is_I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what 7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D. what8. She looked
14、_ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like C.as D.as though 9.I fell sick! -I think it is _ you are doing too much. A. why B. when C. what D. because 10. The reason why he hasnt come is _. A because his mother is ill B because of his mothers being illC. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is il
15、l 11. He was born here. - That is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how 12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why that/what的区别的区别 1_your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies. A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. Wh
16、at；how you are 2. The trouble is_we are short of tools. A. what B. that C. how D. why that 3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus. A. what B. where C. the place D. there where1.Please tell me you will go to the leacture tomorrow.2. It all depends on the sky will clear up.3. The question is the film is well worth seeing.4. He will be well tomorrow I am not sure.5. it is true remains a problem.关联词比较whether / ifwhether / ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherA. 引导宾语从句时可互换.B. 位于介词后要用whether.C. 位于句首时要用whether.D. 引导表语从句, 主语从句, 同位语从句时, 要用 whether.
