1、Unit 4 Scientists who changed the worldGrammar and usageVerb-ed forms as attributives, adverbials and object complements1. Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the Peoples Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria.2. Thanks to
2、 her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival.Read the following sentences and pay special attention to the underlined part. Read and explore3. Born in 1930, in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu studied medicine at university in Beij
3、ing between 1951 and 1955.4. Inspired by an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part.5. Even with large amounts of qinghao extract produced, how
4、ever, they still faced another problem.Read and exploreWhat do the underlined parts have in common?They are all verb-ed forms.Read the article on Page 48. Find the verb-ed forms in the article and fill in the table below.Exploring the rulesVerb-ed forms as attributives something produced by the moul
5、dthe prepared mindVerb-ed forms as adverbials Surprised by thisVerb-ed forms as object complements get its mass production started A1. The verb-ed form can be used like an adjective or an adverb, indicating a(n) _ (active/passive) meaning.2. The verb-ed form can appear before or after a noun or pron
6、oun. It modifies the noun or pronoun like a(n) _ (relative clause/adverbial clause).3. The verb-ed form can be used as an adverbial or an object complement.passiverelative clauseWorking out the rulesExploring the rulesA 不定式做定语 （1） V.ed+被修饰词； Mr. Wang is a respected teacher. an excited expression (2)
7、.被修饰词+ V.ed短语 The scientific advances mentioned in your article are interesting.=定语从句The scientific advances that was mentioned in your article are interesting. (3). 被修饰词，V.ed短语 The scientific advances mentioned in your article are interesting.=非限制性定语从句 The scientific advances ，which is mentioned in
8、 your article are interesting.Exploring the rules 不定式做状语 （1）Seen from the top of the mountain, the river looks like a dragon.（表示时间）（2）Greatly interested, I began to read the book.（表示原因）（3）The professor entered the hall, followed by a group of students.（表状态） Exploring the rules 不定式做状语 （3）Given more t
9、ime and support, we could have done it better.（表示条件）（4）Tried again, the experiment still couldnt give us a satisfying answer.（表示让步）（5）He failed in the competition, blamed by his companions.（表示结果） Exploring the rules 不定式做状语 动词-ed形式作状语，有时可以与连词一起使用。如：He will go there if asked.动词-ed形式作状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。例如
10、： Given more time, he could finish the task. () Given more time, I think he could finish the task. ()动词-ed形式作补足语动词-ed形式可在see、hear、notice、feel、have、make、 keep、leave等动词后作宾语补足语。如：I have never heard this song sung in English.Exploring the rulesComplete the article on Page 49 with the correct verb-ed for
11、m or verb-ing form and try to decide whether it is used as attributives, adverbials or object complements.Answers(1) interesting (an object complement) (2) Knowing (an adverbial)(3) tied (an attributive) (4) Conducted (an adverbial)(5) accepted (an object complement) (6) arguing (an adverbial) Apply
12、ing the rulesB2Rewrite the following sentences using verb-ed forms as attributives, adverbials or object complements.1. The scientist who has been highly praised won an award. _2. The experiment that is mentioned in your article is interesting. _3. The patients soon recovered because they were treat
13、ed with the new medicine. _ Applying the rulesThe highly praised scientist won an award.The experiment mentioned in your article is interesting.Treated with the new medicine, the patients soon recovered.B14. The scientist found that the equipment in the laboratory had been destroyed. _5. Once this r
14、eport is finished, it will be very useful for future research. _ Applying the rulesThe scientist found the equipment in the laboratory destroyed.Once finished, this report will be very useful for future research.B1Read the notes about Alfred Wegener and his theory of continental drift on Page 49 and
15、 write a short paragraph using verb-ed forms, verb-ing forms and to-infinitives. Applying the rulesB3Looking at a world map, Alfred Wegener found something amazing: the eastern coastline of South America and the western coastline of Africa seemed (1) _ (fit) together. He did more research (2) _ (fin
16、d) out what caused this. (3) _ (collect) enough evidence, he put forward his theory of continental drift. Then he had his ideas (4) _ (publish) in The Origin of Continents and Oceans. However, people did not believe in his theory. For one thing, it challenged many scientific theories widely (5) _ (a
17、ccept) at that time. For another, Wegener failed (6) _ (explain) the driving force (7) _ (cause) the continents (8) _ (drift) apart.Applying the rulesto fitto findHaving collectedpublishedacceptedto explaincausingto driftSample answerChoose one of the following to express your opinion using verb-ed
18、forms, verb-ing forms and to-infinitives.1. How do you understand the saying “Fortune favours the prepared mind?”2. What should you do today if you want to be a well-educated person tomorrow?3. What should you do to have your homework done based on the required time?ConsolidationHomework1. Write a short passage based on the last task. Pay attention to the verb-ed forms, verb-ing forms and to-infinitives.2. Finish the workbook.
