1、高中北师大2019版英语-选择性必修四Unit 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE【NOTES ON THE TEXTS】Topic Talk1. reset your account 重置您的账户2. I apologise for our part in it.【apologise for】 为.道歉make an apology 道歉Eg: They do not have the courage to apologise for their actions.3. The softest things in the world overcome the hardest
2、things in the world.天下之至柔，驰骋天下之至坚。 -老子道德经Lesson l1. Ma Ming, drummer for the rock band “ Storm”, had to pack his bags.摇滚乐队，“暴风雨”的鼓手马明不得不收拾行李。have to do sth. 不得不做某事Eg：I have to finish my homework before dinner.2. The flat-owner said if he had known that Ma Ming was a drummer, he wouldnt have rented t
3、he flat to him.【虚拟语气】Eg：I would have told you the story about him, if you had been at home.3. “we told him that he ought to cease drumming or leave the property,” a council member said.一位委员会成员说：“我们应该告诉他停止打鼓，否则就搬走。”【ought to do sth. 】应该做某事【leave the property】 离开这所房子; property 房产Eg：She is your mother,
4、 so you ought to support her.Property prices have shot up recently. 最近房产暴涨。4. Living in a hotel means the hotel staff makes the bed every day and I dont have to do my own washing.【make ones bed】 整理床铺Eg：Get up quickly and make your beds as soon as possible.5. We could hardly get rid of the smell of f
5、ish!【get rid of】去掉，摆脱；Eg：I would be glad to get rid of that bad habit.I began to suspect (that) they were trying togetridofme.6. Instead, Smith emptied one of his large tanks over his balcony and both the McKays and the cake were wet through.然而，史密斯从阳台上倒掉他的一个大鱼缸中的水，将迈奇夫妇和蛋糕都淋了个通透。empty v. 使.变空Eg: Wou
6、ld you please empty the garbage for me?7. He has also promised to change his ways from now on.Promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 promise oneself 指望 keep promise 守信 promise well 前景很好，很有希望Eg：I promised to finish my homework before lunch but I didnt do it.So, has the international communitykeptitspromises?The ra
7、ins have been plentiful and the cropspromisewell.Lesson 21. They just hope that if they hold out for long enough, things will get better by and by.【hold out】 坚持,伸出，提供，维持，抵制，主张hold up 举起，阻拦，拦截hold on to something 抓住.不放hold by 坚持Eg：They held out for another hour, and then their friends came.The roof w
8、asheldupby pillars.Since youheldupyour end of the bargain Im going toholdupmine.既然你实现了你的承诺，我也会满足对你的承诺。 end of the bargain 履行承诺，恪守职责If youre having trouble deciding whentoholdontosomethingand whentolet it go, try doing things backward.如果你在烦恼什么时候去拥有一些东西，什么时候去放手，试着先去考虑做事情的结果。2. Then, you put forward so
9、lutions.【put forward】 提出come up with 提出，想出，赶上 Raise vt. 提起，举起，竖起；增加，提升；饲养，抚养； n. (工资，薪金的）提升，增加Eg: The students have put forward a series of questions.Engineers are still trying tocomeupwitha commercially viable replacement for internal-combustion engines.工程师正在设法制造一种在商业上切实可行的发动机来取代内燃机。The establishme
10、nt of our GRE computer data has enabled us tocomeupwithinnovative tactics for doing well on the GRE.GRE电脑数据库的建立，让我们有了新的策略来有效的应对GRE考试。Theyraiseda query on his sincerity.Imraisingmoney for a good cause.Lesson 31. Chuc was wounded in the leg and almost unconscious, but he was covered by a pile of dead
11、bodies and thus, his life was saved.杜沙的腿受了伤，几乎不省人事，但他被一堆尸体覆盖，幸存下来。 表示某个部位受伤用介词 inEg：I was wounded in the arm.2. One of their man, speaking in English, said that he had worked in England for some years and that he was fed up to the neck with this war and would be glad when it was over.他们中的一个人用英语说，他在英
12、国工作过几年，受够了这场战争，如果战争结束，他会很高兴。【be fed up with】 饱受，厌烦 turn away from 厌恶，对.感到厌烦；避开，远离 be bored with 对.感到厌倦Eg: Little by little, I began to be fed up with examinations.渐渐地，我开始厌烦起考试来。I think I willbeboredwithdoing the same work everyday, so I prefer a challenging job.Germany is not about toturnawayfromEur
13、ope.And diners will know when toturnawayfroma plate in disgust.3. Wed formed a bond and during the whole of Boxing Day, we never fired a shot and they the same; each side seemed to be waiting for the other to set the ball rolling.【Boxing Day】 节礼日，每年地12月26日在英联邦部分地区庆祝的节日。传统上这一天要向服务业工人赠送圣诞节礼物。【set the
14、ball rolling】使某种活动开始 【come into play】开始活动，开始起作用Eg：As no one spoke, the teacher asked a few questions to set the ball rolling.There are all sort of different factors thatcomeintoplay.4. If children see fewer advertisement on TV of people doing these activities, they are much less likely to try to cop
15、y their behavior. 【be likely to do sth.】 很可能做某事.Eg: In the meantime, the war is likely to continue.I am likely to finish my homework after dinner.5. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile business, such as those that improve our environment.投资在不健康产品上的
16、钱可以拿来做更值得地事，例如改善环境。【invest in doing sth.】在.方面投资Eg: They had the foresight to invest in developing new technology. 【GRAMMAR】Modal Verb 情态动词1. ought to 表示职责或道义上的责任；表示必要性；提出某种建议。Eg：You really ought to visit your grandmother. You know she hasnt been well.We ought to give more assistance to charities in
17、need of funding.You ought to go to bed early as you have to be up at six.You really ought to try this diet. I have lost five kilograms.2. could1 表示可能性；2 作为can地过去式；3 表示某事将来有可能要发生，但还不确定；4 礼貌地或正式地请求他人做某事或请求允许做某事；5 表示某事在现在或过去地某个时间里可能发生；6 在被问起要做某事时，表示建议。Eg：If our defence is good in the next game, we coul
18、d even win.I could swim for hours when I was younger.If we get good rains then we could have a bumper crop.Could you pass me the salt?Could you run up to the office and deliver this message,please?It is so relaxing that I could just sit in the sun and read all day.I was so hungry that I could have e
19、aten the whole cake!We could go to Chen Xis house first and then go on to the game.3. dare to敢于做某事Only the fittest long-distance runners dare to tackle the Comrades Marathon.I was so worried about my exam results that I didnt dare to ask if I had passed.Only a few journalists dare to cover the story
20、.4. have to / dont have to(表示不必履行职责和义务）表示（他人期望我们履行的）责任，义务；提建议；表示某事地重要性。Eg：Do you have to go to bed at nine every night?I have to go to the dentist tomorrow.You have to see the film version of the book; you ll love it.We have to use cold water for the pastry, otherwise it will become tough.We dont ha
21、ve to wear a uniform at our school.5. may/ might / can/ could1 在肯定句中，may、could、might用于表示某事可能发生或可能存在，但can不能用于此目的。（might 表示可能性很小）；Can 用来表示更宽泛的某事发生的可能性。2 另外 may / could / might + have done 用于表示过去某事可能发生了；might / could + have done 用于表示某事可能在过去发生，但事实上并没有发生。may 和 can 不能用于此种情况。3 在否定句中，用cannot或者couldnt 表示“不可能
22、”。Eg：It may / might / could snow later in the day.According to the weather report, it may rain today. It might even snow.Too much snow can cause trouble.It cant / couldnt be jack. He said he wouldnt talk to me any more.I thought Jenny was angry at me, but I may / might / could have been wrong.Nobody
23、 knew where Tom was. He may / might / could have gone abroad.If you went to school on foot this morning, you could / might have avoid the accident.【Practice】1. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometimes. A. Must B. can C. should D. would 2. You _ be hungry already
24、- you had lunch only two hours ago! A. wouldnt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt 3. - What do you think we can do for our aged parents? - You _ do anything except to be with them and be yourself. A. dont have to B. oughtnt to C. mustnt D. cant 4. John promised his doctor he _ not smoke. And he has never s
25、moked ever since. A. Might B. should C. could D. would 5. What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ better. A. need have done B. must have done C. can have done D. might have done 6. Liza _ well not want to go on the trip - she hates traveling. A. will B. can C. must D. may 7. She _
26、have left school, for her bike is still here. A. cant B. wouldnt C. shouldnt D. neednt 8. According to the air traffic rules, you _ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A. May B. can C. would D. should 9. - I cant find my purse anywhere. - You _ have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C.
27、 should D. would 10. - Im sorry. I _ at you the other day. - Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldnt shout B. shouldnt have shouted C. mustnt shout D. mustnt have shouted 11. - What sort of house do you want to have? Something big? - Well, it _ be big - thats not important. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont 12. - What does the sign over there read? - “No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.” A. Will B. may C. shall D. must 1-5 BBADD 6-10 DADAB 11-12BC
