1、北京市海淀区2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题英 语2021.04学校_班级_姓名_成绩_考生须知1本试卷共8页，共三大部分，45道小题，满分75分，考试时间QO分钟。2在答题纸上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名。3试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上在试卷上作答无效。4考试结束请将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分:知识运用(共三节，28分)第一节 语法填空（共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AKoshiba had a legendary life. When h
2、e was a kid, he dreamed of being a soldier or musician, but his dream was broken when his right hand was damaged by polio(小儿麻痹症).While in the hospital, he read Adlbert Einsteins books and _1_ (become) interested in physics. He never made it to the top of his physics class in high school, but went on
3、 to study at the University of Tokyo, then the University of Rochester, _2_ he earned his PhD. “There are things in the world you can achieve despite poor academic records.” Koshiba said.”What _3_ (count) most is adopting an active attitude toward studying.BZoos play an important role in the world f
4、or conservation and education. They are _4_ (particular) important for endangered species. Many animals are critically _5_ danger and may go extinct in the wild, but in zoos, they are going wrong. Many others are already extinct in the wild and only animals _6_ are kept in zoos survive. Even those c
5、ritics of zoos often recognize that it is better to have species preserved somewhere than lose them altogether, as animals held in zoos _7_ (protect) from serious threat.C(8) _ (wear) different colors can affect how you feel and how others react to you, so it is important to consider this when decid
6、ing (9) _ to wear in the morning. If you want people to take you seriously, put on navy blue or black. Blue would also be helpful for an interview or oral examination because it relaxes you and makes you feel calm. Red gets you noticed by everyone and make you feel energetic, (10)_be careful, as it
7、can raise your heart rate and not everyone want this effect. So think carefully before you leave your house.第二节 选词填空（共6小题;每小题1分，共6分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从方框中选择适当的词填空，其中有两项为多余选项。conduct created despite discovered gained influential promising thoughTu Youyou is the first Chinese female scientist who was awar
8、ded a Nobel Prize.She studied medicine and _11_ a deep knowledge about traditional practices, which enabled her to be chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria in 1969.With the idea that Chinese herbs might hold the secret, Tu Youyou and her team studied some related literature and _12_
9、a lot of researches with limited resources. They used modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs one by one.After hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually came across a _l3_ chemical. Tu Youyou bravely volunteered to be the first human subject in the test on humans. The chemical the
10、y _14_ artemisinin, has now become the worlds most effective drug for fighting malaria.As one of the most _l5_ figures of science in the 20th Century, she is not interested in fame and she continues to do research today _16_ her age. What she did not only saved millions of lives, but also bridged th
11、e Eastern and Western worlds.第三节 完形填空（共12小题;每小题1分，共12分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。“I was attacked by a tiger shark in October 1997.It was near my home on the island of Kanai. The waves were really good, so nothing was stopping us.”That was until large shark came right up under Mike and _
12、17_ his teeth into Mikes lower leg. Thered been no splashing, no noise, and Mike felt no pain, only intense pressure on his _18_ body.As he tried to get himself free, the shark bit down harder, shaking its head back and forth and tossing Mike around like a doll. Mike hit the shark hard in the face,
13、again and again until the shark _19_ him. As Mike swam back into shore, he felt his lower right leg spamming(痉挛); when he looked down, he realized it was _20_. The shark had bit his lower leg off. Mikes friends came to his aid immediately, and tried to control severe bleeding and rushed him to the h
14、ospital.When Mike opened his eyes, he realized he was in the hospital.During the next few weeks, Mike researched prosthetics (假肢) and considered the _21_. As soon as Mike was given the OK by his doctors, he did what many of us might consider _22_: he started riding the waves again. In fact, his firs
15、t time back was near the site of his attack. But Mike was unshaken. Instead, he was curious-why was he attacked? Mike _23_ that the water had a fishy smell the morning of the attack. Was that what attracted the shark?His curiosity led him to research sharks, and while he never_24_ why he became a ta
16、rget, Mike did learn something that would change his life: Humans are far more _25_ to sharks than the other way around, Mike tells Reader s Digest.”I watched a documentary called Sharkwater, and I learned about the _26_ for shark fin soup and the fact that 70 million sharks a year are killed for th
17、eir fins alone.”His unique situation as a shark survivor empowered him to give sharks a _27_, Mike says. He began working with the Hawaii state legislature (立法机关）to help pass a _28_ on shark-related products.”I partnered with other like-minded shark attack survivors and marine biologists, and we hea
18、ded to Washington to urge the government to create a nationwide bill protecting sharks.”17. A. cutB.bitC. sankD. dropped18. A. upperB. lowerC. innerD. heavier19. A. releasedB. defeatedC. spottedD. replaced20. A. caughtB. stolenC. leftD. gone21. A. injuryB. futureC. career D. event22. A. unimportantB
19、. incorrectC. unthinkableD. immature23. A. provedB. stressedC. recalledD. regretted24. A. puzzled overB. figured outC. cared aboutD. look into25. A. sensitive B. friendlyC. riskyD. dangerous26. A. demandB. anxietyC. benefitD. value27. A. voiceB. challengeC. rightD. chance28. A. planB. test C. decisi
20、onD.ban第二部分:阅读理解（共两节，32分)第一节 阅读选择(共12小题;每题2分，共24分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWomen Who Changed Science ForeverThis International Womens Day, were celebrating three women who changed the face of science forever.Ellen OchoaEllen Ochoa is an American engineer and retired astronaut. She was the f
21、irst Latina woman to fly in space as part of the crew of the shuttle Discovery in 1993.Ochoa attended San Diego State University and then continued her education at Stanford. Ochoa regards her mother, whose passion for learning kept her in part-time college courses all through Ochoas childhood, as a
22、n important influence on her career.At the end of her flying career, Ochoa had traveled nearly 1,000 hours in space. From 2012 to 2018, Ochoa served as the director of Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, only the second woman to head up NASAs human spaceflight headquarters.Mamie Phipps ClarkMami
23、e Phipps Clark was an American social psychologist(心理学家)，who specialized in child development in black children. Born in Arkansas, Clark drew on her early experiences as a black child in the segregated(种族隔离的)American South to help children growing up with the same iniquities.Clark stated at Howard U
24、niversity in 1934, and went on to complete a PhD in psychology. She and Kenneth, now her husband, were the first two black people to earn PhDs at Columbia. With their funding, she started the famous Doll Test, which showed the negative effects of school segregation on black children.Anandibai Gopalr
25、ao JosheeAnandibai Jpshee was to become Indias first woman physician with a medical degree. When she was young, her father strayed（偏离）from the traditional Hindu belief that women should not receive education and encouraged her to go to school. When she was fifteen, she was determined to study medici
26、ne, a choice likely influenced by the loss of an infant son and surviving a serious illness herself. At the Womans Medical College, Joshee studied devotedly, hoping to return to India to serve other Indian women.She died in February 1887 at the young age of twenty-one. Despite her short life, Joshee
27、s accomplishments were remarkable for an Indian woman, and her achievements were enough to open the door for other Indian women to quickly follow.29. In Ochoas idea, what influences her most in her career?A. Her part-time job in a college.B. Her first flight in space in 1993.C. Her mothers desire fo
28、r knowledge.D. Her experience in NASA headquarters.30. What is Phipps Clark famous for?A. Having a PhD in psychology.B. Fighting against racial discrimination.C. Starting the test on the growth of children.D. Devoting herself to the founding of equalities.31. What do the three great women have in co
29、mmon?A. They specialized in similar research fields.B. They all experienced inequality in education.C. They were pioneers changing our belief in women.D. They were scientists influencing our way of learning32. Which of the following word best describes the three women?A. Dedicated. B. Modest C. Crea
30、tive D. Caring.BECycling refers to the recycling of electronic items, which are becoming a common problem in American home and throughout the world. The EPA, or Environmental Protection Agency, has actually started a program to help and motivate the recycling of electronics.To get the program to the
31、 regional and neighborhood levels, the EPA directed Plug-In to eCyeling Partners.” These partnerships support electronic reusing programs in individual communities. They provide local governments, retailers and manufacturers with opportunities to reuse and recycle their items. Those who make and off
32、er electronic devices then promote programs and opportunities for consumers to reuse their second-hand electronic products. One of the EPAs goals is to enlighten customers about why the recycling of electronics is so important. They likewise wish to make eCycling chances easily accessible to specifi
33、c consumers and their family electronics. According to the EPA, the eCycling program has actually been quite successful. In 2008, the EPA collected 66.5 million pounds of electronic devices through their Plug-In Partners.Local governments have actually likewise got on board and passed laws intended
34、to handle used electronic devices. Huge corporations have actually introduced eCycling programs at their local retail stores. One seller offers customers small, medium and big boxes for sale, which the customers then load with used electronics and go back to the store. Typically，customers bring thei
35、r recyclable electronics to a location. When the electronic items are gathered by the EPA(typically this is done byt he Partners), they are reused or recycled.Reused items are repaired and refurbished（翻新)，and passed on to others as a contribution. You can repair or recondition your very own electron
36、ic devices too, extending the life of the items and conserving the energy of making new materials. Reusing electronic devices includes making use of the products and pats of the items. These materials and parts are then made use of to produce another item. This is more efficient than making items fr
37、om new materials.Some items that are commonly eCycled consist of televisions, computer monitors, printers, notebook computer, keyboards and cable televisions. Less usual items include copying machines, CDplayers， voice mail machines，computer hard drives, mobile telephones, remote controls, radios, b
38、atteries, telephones, facsimile machines and computer games. Occasionally, electronic items such as microwaves, fans, vacuums, smoke alarms, and toasters are eCycled.As the eCycling program continues, you or your organization may want to get involved. Check the EPAs internet site (www.epa.gov) for r
39、egional eCycling programs, or for details on how your company can participate. Their website has links to organizations that are taking part in the eCycling program.33. The EPA brought about “Plug-In to eCycling Partners” to_.A. make and offer electronic devices to consumersB. make customers underst
40、and the importance of eCyclingC. make the program accessible to local regions and communitiesD. make it possible for consumers to reuse their used e-products34. The Plug-In Partners are mainly engaged in_.A. repairing electronic deviceB. gathering recyclable electronicsC. reusing second-hand e-produ
41、ctsD. offering customers different boxes for sale.35. What can we infer from the passage?A. People can sell their reused items on the Internet.B. Individuals cant take part in eCycling programs.C. Devices of computers are well eCycled.D. Not every electronic item can be eCycled.36. What is the main
42、purpose of this passage?A. To introduce a new way to save costs.B. To teach customers how to recycle electronics.C. To attract people to join in the eCycling programs.D. To call on local governments to support Plug-In Partners.CWhat role might arts play in response to climate change and related econ
43、omic and ecological crises?Its often said that a novel, a painting, a song or a motion picture changed how a lot of people thought or felt about the world. Anthropologists(人类学家）and historians rightly argue that major changes in society have sprung up not from the arts, but from-our relationship to o
44、ur environment. Nevertheless, artists efforts help shape the terms by which society adapts to such changes and their consequences. Think of how Beethoven marked the beginnings of modern democracy and the nascent(初期的) Industrial Revolution. Or how Hollywood writers and directors inspired massive supp
45、ort for the U.S. war effort during the early 1940s.We have stepped into a century in which the societal systems have been built since the stat of the Industrial Revolution. Our food system，transport system，energy system，financial system，and possibly our political and governance systems were designed
46、 during an era in which fossil fuels met the great quantity of our fast-growing energy demand. But fossil fuels are exhaustible resources, and their reduction will drive evermore desperate methods of extraction（提炼)，create evermore environmental risk and require evermore capital-even as alternative e
47、nergy sources they are also costly. Further, burning fossil fuels changes our planets climate. So, at the same time our economy will need to be redesigned to run on entirely different energy sources, and the natural world will be shifting around us in unprecedented(空前的)ways，with more frequent disast
48、rous storms，floods，droughts etc.Everything will be up for negotiation, redesign and change. And artists have the opportunity and duty to translate the resulting tumultuous（动荡的）human experience into words, images，and music that help people not just to understand these events mentally, but also to come to grips with them willingly. The economic and environmental shifts described above are currently being detai
