1、北京市部分区2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题分类汇编任务型阅读北京市丰台区2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（B卷）第二节 （共7小题；第36-39小题每小题1分，第40-42小题每小题2分，共10分）阅读短文，完成下列任务。About three years ago, something terrible happened to me. That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul. One day, my two brothers and I were coming
2、 back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others. Suddenly, the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm. A huge wave covered our boat and my younger brother fell into the sea. My elder brother cried out “Moskoe-strom!” Th
3、e moment I heard the word I became very frightened. I knew what he meant by that one word well enough.With the wind and waves, we were going in the direction of the whirlpool. We were hopeless. Nothing could save us. It may appear strange, but at that moment, when we were in the edge of the whirlpoo
4、l, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. I saw clearly that there were other objects in the whirlpool trees and barrels. After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself. I then made three important observations. The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fel
5、l; the second, between two objects of equal extent, round objects fell down less rapidly; and the third, between two objects of the same size, objects shaped like a tube fell down more slowly. So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float. I tried to make my brother understand, but he was too fright
6、ened and stayed in the heavy boat. Without waiting, I jumped into the sea to try and escape.As you can see, the reason why Im here to tell the story is that I made the right decision. Some time after I left the boat, with my brother in it, it was pulled into the bottom of the whirlpool. Soon after t
7、hat, the whirlpool became less wild. I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were. In the end, a boat picked me up. 36. 推断下列词汇在文章中的含义，从表格中选择恰当的释义。appear_curious_escape_wild_A. to seem to be B. to start to be seen C. violent and strongD. wanti
8、ng to know about somethingE. living or growing in natural conditionsF. to get away from a dangerous situation 37. Why could the writer survive in the disaster?38. What did the writer do to save himself after observing the whirlpool?39. What is the story trying to say about the relationship between h
9、umans and nature? 北京市海淀区2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题第二节 阅读回答问题（共4小题;每小题2分，共8分)阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Your Food Choices Affect the Earths ClimateEvery action has a cost, even for growing food and delivering it to your dinner plate. A team of researchers has found that meat production releases more climate-wa
10、rming pollution than it does when producing fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains. Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited how much meat they eat.There are plenty of “costs” of food. As to the visible costs, people pay money for the food as well as
11、the fuel needed to get groceries to the store or restaurant. However, producing foods also takes resources，for example，the water used to irritate (灌溉）crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.Peter Scarborough at the University of Oxford in England deci
12、ded to calculate some of the less-visible pollution created by food production. His team focused on greenhouse gases emitted through the production of our food, including carbon dioxide(CO2)，methane(甲烷） and the nitrous oxide. All three gases are important. While CO2 is the greenhouse gas released in
13、 the highest volume, methane and nitrous oxide stay in the atmosphere far longer than CO2 does. As such, they are more powerful in warm the earths atmosphere.They used a computer to change the methane and nitrous-oxide emissions for each persons diet into its carbon dioxide “equivalent.”Thats the am
14、ount of CO2 needed to warm Earths atmosphere by the same amount as the methane or nitrous oxide would.As for the calculations of the carbon dioxide “equivalent(等量)”, in the 1990s, a survey asked65,000 adults what they typically had eaten throughout the past year. Scarboroughs team fed those data int
15、o a computer and then included the amount of green house gases linked with producing nearly100 common foods. Then the computer matched those green house-gas amounts to the mix of foods each person had reported eating.It shows that the diet of someone whose meals included an average of 50 to 99 grams
16、 of meat each day would be responsible for the daily release of 5.6 kilograms of CO2 equivalent while those vegans had the lowest diet-linked greenhouse-gas emissions (2.9 kg of CO2 equivalent).Its authors conclude that reducing the intake of meat and other animal-based products can make a valuable
17、contribution to climate change reduction. And compared to meat, more plant-based food calories can be grown on more lands with less water and other resources. In places where many people are going hungry, raising meat may make it harder to ensure that everyone gets enough to eat.41. What are the vis
18、ible costs of food mentioned in the article?42. According to the author, why can our food choices affect the earths climate?43. Please underline the inappropriate part in the following statement and explain why. Plant-based food can adapt to more types of lands than meat, but they may have a higher
19、requirement of water and other resources, which can be a disadvantage of such food.44. Apart from food choices, are there any other ways for you to protect the environment? List two or more.北京市通州区2020-2021学年高一下学期期中质量检测英语试题第一节 阅读与表达（共4小题；每小题3分，共12分)；本节为一篇阅读材料，根据语篇内容回答语篇后面的4个问题。The white rhino is the
20、largest species of rhinos. It has a wide mouth and is known to be sociable. Its eyesight is not very good though. For these reasons, poachers（偷猎者）have found it easier to hunt the white rhino for its horns. There are now serious concerns that the white rhino may soon become extinct. In the large nati
21、onal parks in Africa where white rhinos live, it is very hard to protect them. The rhino horn these days is more expensive than gold, so poachers are very determined to hunt them. It is said that about three rhinos are killed by poachers every day. If this continues they will be extinct with in the
22、next ten years. Three years ago, an organization in Adelaide, Australia, began planning The Australian Rhino Project. Its purpose is to create what they call the insurance population. The idea is to create a 120 acre park in Australia where white rhinos from Africa can be kept and protected. They ca
23、n also breed so over time their numbers will grow. If anything happens to the white rhinos in Africa, they can be replaced with the rhinos in Australia. It sounds like a good idea, but its expensive! White rhinos first have to be taken to Australia. Each one weights about 3,000 kilos and the cost of
24、 flying them on the 13-hour flight is US $70,000 per rhino! To make sure that the selected rhinos are healthy, they will have to be kept in quarantine before they leave Africa and when they arrive in Australia. This too, is expensive. Some people have said that the money would be better spent on edu
25、cation people in Africa to stop poaching rhinos. As long as poachers continue to kill rhinos and people want to buy rhino horns, its probably a wise decision to help protect some of the species in Australia. It would be a tragedy if these huge animals disappeared for ever.37. What do the poachers hu
26、nt the white rhino for?38. What will probably happen to the white rhinos in Africa in the future?39. Why did an organization in Adelaide plan The Australian Rhino Project?40 How does the author think of The Australian Rhino Project?北京市延庆区2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第27、28题各2分，第29题3分，第30题5分
27、，共12分）。阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Is it better for our bodies to work out at certain times of the day? Scientists have known for some time that every tissue in our bodies contains a kind of biological clock that goes off in response to messages related to our daily exposure to light, food and sleep. However,
28、 whether and how exercise timing might influence metabolic (新陈代谢的) health has been less clear, and the results of past experiments have not always agreed. A much-discussed 2019 study found that men with Type 2 diabetes (糖尿病) who completed a few minutes of high-intensity interval (间隔) sessions in the
29、 afternoon improved their blood-sugar control after two weeks. Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of nutrition and movement sciences read that 2019 study with interest. He had been studying exercise in people with Type 2 diabetes, but had not considered the possible role of timing. Now, seeing the varyi
30、ng impacts of the intense workouts, he wondered if the timing of workouts might similarly affect how the workouts changed peoples metabolisms. Incidentally, he and his colleagues had a ready-made source of data in their own prior experiment. Several years earlier, they had asked adult men at high ri
31、sk for Type 2 diabetes to ride stationary bicycles at the lab three times a week for 12 weeks, while the researchers tracked their metabolic health. They also had noted when the riders showed up for their workouts. The researchers pulled data for the 12 men who consistently had worked out between 8
32、and 10 a.m. and compared them with another 20 who always exercised between 3 and 6 p.m. They found that the benefits of afternoon workouts far outweighed those of morning exercise.He says, “This study does suggest that afternoon exercise may be more beneficial for people with disturbed metabolisms t
33、han the same exercise done earlier. The particular and most effective exercise for each of us will line up with our daily routines and exercise tendencies because exercise is good for us at any time of daybut only if we choose to keep doing it.”27 What inspired Professor Schrauwen to carry out the r
34、esearch related to the timing of workouts?28. What did Schrauwens new study figure out?29. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Professor Schrauwen and his colleagues carried out the research by using the newly-collected data and making comp
35、arisons between two different subject groups.30. When do you think is the best time for you to exercise? Why? (about 40 words)北京市房山区2020-2021学年高一下学期英语期中试卷五、阅读表达10. 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Kun Qu Opera developed under the Ming dynasty (fourteenth to seventeenth centuries) in the city of Kunshan, situated
36、in the region of Suzhou in southeast China. With its roots in popular theatre, the repertory of songs developed into a major theatrical form. Kun Qu is one of the oldest forms of Chinese opera still performed today. Kunqu has gone through several stages of change over the past hundreds of years. It
37、was composed of long and short lines at the beginning, with a singer singing solo and the orchestra coming in at the end of each line. During the Ming Dynasty (13681644), it became more mild, and graceful, with performers attaching great importance to how clearly they recited and sang lines. The son
38、gs were written in seven-character or ten-character lines. This contrasts greatly from the operas emphasis during the Yuan Dynasty(12711368), when only percussions(打击乐器) were used in the chorus. In the style that developed during the Ming Dynasty, more musical instruments were used. It is characteri
39、zed by its dynamic structure and melody (kunqiang). It combines songs and recitals as well as acrobatics and symbolic gestures. The opera features a young male lead, a female lead, an old man and various comic roles, all dressed in traditional costumes. Kun Qu songs are accompanied by bamboo flute(长
40、笛), small drum, wooden clappers gongs, all used to punctuate actions and emotions on stage. Renowned for the rhythmic patterns, Kun Qu opera has had a considerable influence on more recent forms of Chinese opera, such as the Sichuan or Beijing opera. The opera has suffered a gradual decrease since t
41、he eighteenth century because of the high-level technical knowledge that it requires from both its performers and audience. Of the 400 arias regularly sung in opera performances in the mid-twentieth century, only a few dozen continue to be performed. The Kun Qu opera survived through the efforts of
42、dedicated connoisseurs(行家) and various supporters who seek to attract the interest of a new generation of performers. （1）When and where did Kun Qu Opera develop? （2）What are the roles of Kun Qu Opera? （3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
43、 （请在下面的陈述中判断哪一部分是错误的，然后在下面划线并解释原因。） Kun Qu has decreased gradually since the 18th century because of the development of technology. （4）What should we do to pass down Kun Qu? 答案：北京市丰台区2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（B卷）【答案】36. (1). A (2). D (3). F (4). C 37. Because he could keep calm and make important obs
44、ervations to escape from the danger. 38. He tied himself to a barrel and jumped into the sea without waiting. 39. Humans depend on nature and human power is so small compared with nature, so humanshouldrespectnature.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了我和我的两个兄弟在我们经常冒险去的岛屿上去钓鱼，突然，天空乌云密布，不到一分钟，我们就陷入了可怕的暴风雨中并面临可怕的漩涡，但
45、在作者的沉着冷静下，最终幸免。【36题详解】考查词义理解。划线词appear之后是形容词strange，此处指下文“when we were in the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. (当我们在漩涡边缘时，我感到比我们朝它移动时更平静。)”作者在漩涡边缘反而变得更平静这件事似乎很奇怪，结合语境可知此处appear理解为：似乎；好像，选项A. to seem to be(似乎)符合题意，故选A。根据划线词下文“I then made three important observ
46、ations.( 然后我提出了三个重要的看法。)”可知作者在仔细观察漩涡，即对漩涡比较好奇，选项D. wanting to know about something(想知道)符合题意，故选D。根据划线词上文“So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float.( 所以我把自己绑在一个桶上帮助我漂浮。)”可知作者想要从漩涡中逃离。选项F. to get away from a dangerous situation(逃离危险的处境)符合题意，故选F。根据暴风来临的相关常识可知“Soon after that, the whirlpool became le
47、ss wild.( 此后不久，漩涡变得不那么狂暴了。)”与前文暴风刚来临时漩涡的猛烈形成先后发展顺序，即此时漩涡不那么猛烈了。选项C. violent and strong(暴力的和强大的)符合题意。故选C。综上所述可知答案为. A ，. D，. F，. C。【37题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“when we were in the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it.( 当我们在漩涡的边缘时，我感到比我们朝它移动时更平静。)”可知作者在危险边缘变得很冷静，由第四段第一句“I sa
48、w clearly that there were other objects in the whirlpool trees and barrels. After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself. I then made three important observations. (我清楚地看到漩涡里还有别的东西树和木桶。过了一段时间，我开始对漩涡本身感到好奇。然后我提出了三个重要的看法。)”及下文的分析可知作者沉着冷静并进行了仔细的观察分析。故答案为Because he could keep calm and make
49、 important observations to escape from the danger.【38题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段“So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float. (所以我把自己绑在一个桶上帮助我漂浮。)”及“Without waiting, I jumped into the sea to try and escape.( 毫不犹豫地，我就跳进海里试图逃跑。)”可知作者对情况进行观察分析后，把自己绑在了一个木桶上并跳进海里逃跑。故答案为He tied himself to a barrel and jumped into the sea without wa
