1、北京市部分区2020-2021学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题分类汇编语法填空北京市东城区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末英语试题（解析版）第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）A阅读下列短文，根据文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。An destination to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackletonthis is the adventure_11_ I have been dreaming of. And I was ready for it.
2、 At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down_12_ he thought I was too young and wasnt qualified. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I_13_(secret) went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and
3、hid in a small cupboard. Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job.B阅读下列短文，根据文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was _14_ (teach) people about Christianity.
4、 Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters _15_(make) much larger than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337). While his pa
5、intings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his _16_ (painting) are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.C阅读下列短文，根据文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Then what is causing the incre
6、ase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process_17_(call) the “greenhouse effect”, which has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man- made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect _18_(refer)to the fact that h
7、eat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earths surface as short-wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, _19_ (keep) Earths climate warm and habitable._20_ this pro
8、cess, Earth could not sustain life. However, the “man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem.北京市平谷区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末英语试题（解析版）第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Spending almost a full day in the car with a 74-year-old woman could be boring for a 16-year-old hi
9、gh school student. For me, though, this was the best way to end 2020 and begin the New Year. For the whole trip, we didnt turn the radio on once. We spent hours _11_ (discuss) anything and gave each other advice _12_ (base) on our experiences. She valued the wisdom that I had from my 16 years; I lea
10、rned a lot I never expected to. I _13_ (understand) the importance of real conversation. I knew that you shouldnt take yourself too seriously and that not everyone had to get old and boring. She is probably one of the _14_ (cool), funniest and most down-to-earth people Ive ever met.B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适
11、当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Have you ever heard that someone mentioned wearable technology but werent quite sure _15_ it meant? Simply put, wearable technology is a general term for a group of devices including fitness trackers and smartwatches that are designed to be worm throughout the day. These devices are
12、often called wearalables for short, Wearables _16_ （become）increasingly popular over the past few years, but the basic idea is nothing new. For example, if youve ever worn a wristwatch, youve already used a simple kind of wearable. Todays wearables can actually connect with your existing devices, li
13、ke computers and smartphones, _17_ means they can do a lot of interesting things.C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。People are pleased with their easy life in Siheyuan. They live a peaceful and harmonious life in theses mall boxes. Their daily needs could be fully satisfied there by sellers who sold v
14、egetables, _18_ （egg）, fruits and snacks. The winding and narrow hutongs were heaven for children playing games. They would have played games such as rubber-band skipping, Chinese shuttlecock（毽子）, and hide-and-seek. Even in modern times, young boys get together _19_ （hold）football matches in these n
15、arrow hutongs. Those who live in them love their way of life so much that it _20_ （describe）by the Chinese as a culture of happiness and harmony.北京市延庆区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A语法填空Our school planned a trip for us to study English in another country this holiday. I wa
16、s excited for it was my first time _11_(travel) abroad. I packed everything I thought I _12_(need) into my backpack. I knew I was going to have so much fun. After _13_ (board) the bus to the airport, I said goodbye to my parents. I looked out the window of the bus and dreamed about _14_ we would do
17、while on our trip.B语法填空Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally _15_ artificially. Natural cloning has been going on for generations. For example, gardeners _16_（use）a form of cloning when they take a cutting from a plant and place it in
18、a suitable medium, such as soil. Another example of natural cloning is identical twins, _17_are produced from the same egg.C语法填空China, _18_ June 17, successfully launched the crewed spacecraft Shenzhou XII, which is expected to send three _19_ (astronaut) to its space station core module Tianhe for
19、a three-month mission. The spacecraft, atop a Long March-2F carrier rocket, _20_ (launch) from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch C enter at 9:22 a.m., according to the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA). It is Chinas seventh crewed mission to space and the first during the construction of Chinas space stat
20、ion.北京市昌平区2020-2021学年高二年级下学期期末质量抽测英语试题（解析版）第二节: 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5 分，共15分) (1)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Born in Pakistan in 1997, Malala lived a quiet life until 2009, when a terrorist group_11_ (take) control of her village. They didnt allow girls_12_ (go)to school, but Malala didnt agree. She
21、 wouldnt give up her_13_ (educate) and started to write a blog against the group. She also spoke publicly about childrens rights. In 2014, Malala won the Nobel Peace Prize _14_ the age of 17 for her bravery and struggles for childrens rights.(2)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nature has its own way
22、to forecast the weather. Unusual animal behavior, for example, can indicate whether its cold weather on the way or a hot period. If fish are jumping_15_ (high) than usual, it may rain. It is also said_16_ dogs avoiding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is approaching. Of course, _17_ these thin
23、gs may suggest something bad is going to happen, they wont tell us when and where. So, for reliable predictions, its best to check an official, scientific report.(3)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Professor Mayer, recognized as a leading expert in the study of peoples EQs, recently announced the res
24、ults of a study on senior secondary school students. When students were introduced to those_18_ had disabilities, they found that, afterwards, the non-disabled students were more willing to help people with difficulties. _19_ (compare) to students who had not been in the study, they also showed a be
25、tter understanding of the disabled students feelings. There was also an obvious change in the disabled students attitudes. They _20_ (become) more positive about life and more willing to try new things.北京市房山区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的
26、单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Cunningham was a world-famous fashion photographer. But he led a simple life. He lived in a small apartment. A simple restaurant was the place _11_ he usually had the same meal. He always used cheap cameras and all his pictures _12_ (take) on the streets of New York. Cunn
27、ingham liked to photograph ordinary people in poor areas. He found inspiration in everyday scenes. These things were real, and it was within their reality that he saw both _13_ (beautiful) and potential.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Since the 1960s, we have been send
28、ing unmanned spacecraft to Mars. Our probes have travelled around the planet, _14_ (send) back valuable data and images. Our robots _15_ (explore) the Martian surface several times, testing the soil and searching for resource, water and signs of life. _16_ (encourage) by discoveries over the years,
29、space agencies of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars. China _17_ (land) its rover (漫游车) on Mars successfully on May 15th, 2021, becoming the second country to have a rover on it.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The faces some people show to the world
30、 might be completely different to their real personalities. Most comedians have sweet smiles on their faces and always sound cheerful because thats the nature of their work. Judging _18_ the faces we are not likely to know what their true feelings are. They might be crying on the inside _19_ they mi
31、ght be laughing on the outside. How others are feeling is not something that we should make assumptions about, because its not always obvious who is _20_ (true) happy.答案：北京市东城区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末英语试题（解析版）【答案】11. that#which 12. because#as 13. secretly【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者想与伟大的欧内斯特沙克尔顿爵士一起去南极，但是被拒绝了，于是
32、作者偷偷地登上了他的船，藏在一个小碗柜里。虽然最后被人发现了，但是沙克尔顿不想回去，所以他给了作者一份工作。【11题详解】考查定语从句。句意：与伟大的欧内斯特沙克尔顿爵士一起去南极这是我一直梦想的冒险。此处为定语从句修饰先行词adventure，先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。【12题详解】考查状语从句。句意：然而，当我申请加入探险队时，沙克尔顿拒绝了我，因为他认为我太年轻，不合格。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because/as。故填because/as。【13题详解】考查副词。句意：但我对和他们一起去的想法是如此的感兴趣，所
33、以我偷偷地登上了他的船，耐力号，藏在一个小碗柜里。修饰动词went应用副词secretly，作状语。故填secretly。【答案】14. to teach 15. were made 16. paintings【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中世纪欧洲艺术的宗教性特点和十三世纪开始欧洲艺术向现实主义转化的特征，其中的典型代表就是乔托迪邦多内的绘画作品。【14题详解】考查to do不定式。句意：在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是让人们了解基督教。plan，goal，purpose等词后常用不定式作表语，解释其具体内容。故填to teach。【15题详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：他们的作
34、品通常是原始的和二维的，主要人物被做得比其他人大得多，以显示他们的重要性。根据“Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional”可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词make意为“制作”，和主语characters构成被动关系。主语characters为复数。故填were made。【16题详解】考查名词复数和主谓一致。句意：他的画作与其他画作不同的地方在于逼真的人脸和深刻的情感影响。根据are可知，主语应为复数形式。painting意为“绘画”，为可数名词，复数形式为paintings。故填paintings。【答案】17. called 1
35、8. refers 19. keeping 20. Without【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。温室效应包括自然温室效应和人为温室效应。文章主要介绍了自然温室效应的定义、作用方式和重要性。【17题详解】考查过去分词。句意：气候科学家经常提到一个关键的气候过程，叫做“温室效应”，它有两个普遍的含义：“自然的”温室效应和“人为的”温室效应。动词call意为“叫做”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语process构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。【18题详解】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：“自然”温室效应是指来自太阳的热量进入大气层，并以短波辐射的形式使地球
36、表面变暖。此处描述客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。refer to意为“指的是”，主语effect为第三人称单数。故填refers。【19题详解】考查现在分词。句意：大气中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，捕获了部分热量，保持地球气候温暖，适宜居住。动词keep意为“保持”，和谓语之间没有连词，此处表示意料之中的结果应用现在分词作结果状语。故填keeping。20题详解】考查介词。句意：没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。根据“Earth could not sustain life”可知，此处是指没有这个过程，应用介词without表示“没有”。句首首字母应大写。故填Without。北京市平谷区20
37、20-2021学年高二下学期期末英语试题（解析版）【答案】11. discussing 12. based 13. understood 14. coolest【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和一个74岁的女人在车里待了一整天聊天的经历。【11题详解】考查动名词。句意：我们花了几个小时讨论任何事情，并根据我们的经验给对方建议。短语spend time (in) doing，意为“花费时间（做某事）”，根据句意，故填discussing。【12题详解】考查过去分词。句意：我们花了几个小时讨论任何事情，并根据我们的经验给对方建议。短语be based on，意为“以为依据”，分析句子
38、可知，设空处为过去分词短语作后置定语，故填based。【13题详解】考查时态。句意：我明白了真正对话的重要性。分析可知，设空处为谓语，根据整篇语境可知为一般过去时，故填understood。【14题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：她可能是我见过的最冷静、最有趣、最脚踏实地的人之一。分析可知，设空处和funniest, most down-to-earth共同作定语修饰名词，也应用最高级形式，故填coolest。【答案】18. eggs 19. to hold 20. is described【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了居住在四合院中的人们丰富多彩的日常生活。【18题详解】考查名词。
39、句意：他们的日常需求可以完全得到满足。附近有卖菜、鸡蛋、水果和小吃的小贩。该处词在and并列结构中，由其它几个复数名词和句意逻辑可知，该词也应用复数形式。故填eggs。【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：甚至在当代，年轻的男孩们聚在一起，在狭窄的胡同里举办足球比赛。句中已有谓语动词get together，该处使用非谓语动词。用动词不定式作目的状语，表示孩子们聚在一起的目的。故填to hold。【20题详解】考查被动语态。句意：那些和他们住在一起的人非常喜欢他们的生活方式，以至于它被中国人描述为幸福和谐的文化。该处动词提示词作结果状语从句的谓语，与主语it为被动关系，应该用被动语态，表述客观事
40、实，用一般现在时，主谓一致，故填is described。北京市延庆区2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）【答案】11. to travel 12. would need 13. boarding 14. what【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者准备去另一个国家学习英语的事情。【11题详解】考查不定式。句意：我很兴奋，因为这是我第一次出国旅行。it is/was ones first time to do sth.为固定短语，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，因此空格处用不定式作time的后置定语，故填to travel。【12题详解】考查过去将来时。句意：我
41、把所有我认为需要的东西都装进了背包。根据语境可知，我是把我将会用到的东西装进背包，因此空格处用将来时，通篇时态为一般过去时，因此空格处用过去将来时，即would do，故填would need。【13题详解】考查动名词。句意：上了去机场的巴士后，我和父母说了再见。After为介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填boarding。【14题详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：我望着车窗外，梦想着我们在旅途中会做些什么。分析句子结构可知，about后为宾语从句，从句中缺少do的宾语， 因此空格处用引导词what， 故填what。【答案】15. or 16. have been using 17. who【解析
42、】【分析】本文是说明文。短文讲述克隆是通过自然或人为的方式，对植物或动物进行精确复制、培育的过程。并通过列举植物的培养和同卵双胞胎进行了解释。【15题详解】考查连词。句意：克隆是通过自然或者人为的方式，对植物或动物进行精确复制、培育的过程。根据句意，前后文是选择关系，eitheror“或者或者”。故填or。【16题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：例如，园丁们从植物上截取一段，放在合适的培养基中(例如土壤)，就是一种克隆。分析句子可知，use是谓语动词，根据句意可知，此处讲述的是从过去开始，一直延续到现在一直在做的事情，故用现在完成进行时，其主语是复数，故填have been using。【17题
43、详解】考查定语从句。句意：自然克隆的另一个例子是同卵双胞胎，它们是由同一个卵子受精产生的。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰twins，从句中作主语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词who。【答案】18. on 19. astronauts 20. was launched【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了6月17日，中国成功发射神舟十二号载人飞船的新闻。【18题详解】考查介词。句意：6月17日，中国成功发射神舟十二号载人飞船，预计将派遣三名宇航员前往天河空间站核心舱执行为期三个月的任务。June 17是6月17日，是具体的某一天，具体的某一天前面需加介词on，故填on。【19
44、题详解】考查名词复数。句意：6月17日，中国成功发射神舟十二号载人飞船，预计将派遣三名宇航员前往天河空间站核心舱执行为期三个月的任务。astronaut意为“宇航员”， 是可数名词，three后跟名词复数，故填astronauts。【20题详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：据中国载人航天管理局(CMSA)消息，这个载人飞船搭载在长征二号f运载火箭的顶上，于上午9点22分，从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空。载人飞船是被发射，且句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，launch的过去分词为launched， 主语The spacecraft是单
45、数， 因此空格处为was launched，故填was launched。北京市昌平区2020-2021学年高二年级下学期期末质量抽测英语试题（解析版）【答案】11. took 12. to go 13. education 14. at【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了2009年恐怖组织控制了Malala的村庄，他们不允许女孩上学，为此Malala开始写博客反对这个组织。由于Malala为儿童的权利勇敢斗争，所以在2014年，17岁的Malala获得了诺贝尔和平奖。【11题详解】考查时态。句意：Malala于1997年出生在巴基斯坦，她一直过着平静的生活，直到2009年，一个恐怖
46、组织控制了她的村庄。分析句子结构可知，空处做谓语，且句子描述的是发生在过去的事，应用一般过去时，故填took。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们不允许女孩上学，但Malala不同意。allow sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“允许某人做某事”，所以此处用to go做宾语，故填to go。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：她不肯放弃学业，开始写博客反对这个组织。由前面的her(她的)可知，此处应用名词做宾语，动词educate(教育)的名词是education，故填education。【14题详解】考查介词。句意：由于Malala为儿童的权利勇敢斗争，所以在2014年，17岁的M
47、alala获得了诺贝尔和平奖。At the age of是固定搭配，表示“在.岁时”，故填at。【答案】15. higher 16. that 17. although#though【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自然界有自己的方式来预测天气。例如，一些不寻常的动物行为，可以预测一些坏事将会发生，但是却不会告诉我们坏事即将发生的时间和地点。所以查阅官方报告是可靠的。【详解】1.考查副词比较级。句意：如果鱼跳得比平时高，可能会下雨。根据句意和空后的than usual(比平常)可知，此处应用副词high的比较级higher(更高)，修饰动词jump(跳)，故填higher。2.考查固定搭配。句意：还有人说，狗避开海滩可能是海啸即将来临的信号。It is said that.是固定搭配，表示“据说，有人说”，故填that。3.
