1、2021-2022学年度第二学期开学摸底考试卷高一英语第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共5小题; 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在 试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Who is coming to visit the man?ASara.BSam.CAntonio.2What types of books does the man like reading now?ALove stories.BDetective stori
2、es.CScience fiction.3What does the man think of vocational education?AIts less important.BIt needs improvement.CIts becoming more and more popular.4Whats the relationship between the two speakers?AHusband and wife.BTeacher and student.CDoctor and patient.5How soon will the woman see Dr. Smith?AIn 10
3、 minutes.BIn 20 minutes.CIn 30 minutes.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6What made Luosifen become famous at first?AA documentary.BThe development of e-commerce.CAn online ea
4、ting show.7When did China have the first company to sell packaged Luosifen?AIn 2017.BIn 2014.CIn 2012.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8What do we know about Shaxian snacks?AThey are inexpensive street snacks.BThey are more like a cooking style.CDifferent shops have the same menu.9What did the local government do for
5、 Shaxian snacks in 1997?AIt founded the Shaxian Snack Bureau.BIt applied for UNESCOs recognition of them.CIt solved most food safety problems of them.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10When do the speakers think body language can be used?AWhen solving cases.BWhen treating patients.CWhen teaching students.11Who are
6、the speakers?ATeachers.BStudents.CPolice officers.12Why was the woman trying to find the man?ATo seek inspiration.BTo fix the house.CTo help her prepare dinner.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13What does the man bring back?ABranches.BLeaves.CBottles.14How many people are sure to dive with the man?AOne.BTwo.CThree.
7、15Where is the man going to dive first?AIn a lake.BIn asea.CIn a gym.16What can we learn from the conversation?AThe mans brother owns a gym.BThe man will pay the charge.CThe woman will join the man.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17How does the man sound at first?ADisappointed.BPleased.CConfused.18Why does the ma
8、n like sunny weather?AIt makes him feel safe.BHe can play outside.CHe can sunbathe.19When was the new study published?AAt the end of March.BAt the beginning of April.CAt the end of April.20What does the new study show?ALightning helps the atmosphere clean itself.BLightning helps plants grow.CLightni
9、ng provides huge energy.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第1节 （共15题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B,C或D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACan you imagine a cloud floating in the middle of your room? Do you want to know what it feels like to fly like a bird? Find your answers in Time Magazines 25 Best Inventions. Here,
10、 we have picked out the most interesting 4 to share with you.Talking GlovesEver felt confused by the sign language used by disabled people? Here is the helping hand you need. Four Ukrainian students have created a pair of gloves that helps people with hearing and speech problems communicate with oth
11、ers. The gloves are equipped with sensors that recognize sign language and translate it into text on a smartphone. Then the smartphone changes the text to spoken words.Google GlassesGoogle Glasses are like a computer built into the frame of a pair of glasses. With its 1.3-centimeter display, the gla
12、sses allow you to surf the Internet and make calls without even lifting a finger. The glasses also have a camera and GPS mapping system. Users can take and share photos, check maps and surf the Internet just by looking up, down, left and right.Indoor CloudsIts not virtual.Thats a real world. Dutch a
13、rtist Smilde managed to create a small but perfect white cloud in the middle of a room using a fog machine. But it required careful planningthe temperature, humidity（湿度）and lighting all had to be just right. Once everything was ready, the cloud formed in the air with the machine. But it only lasted
14、for a short while.WingsuitsThe suit fulfills your dreams of flying like a bird.Well, not exactly flying, but gliding（滑翔）through the air. It increases the surface area of the human body, which makes it easier for people to float in the air. Fliers wearing wingsuits can glide one kilometer in about 30
15、 seconds.21Who will probably be the users of “Talking Gloves”?ADisabled peopleBNormal people.CTrained people.DWorking people.22How can users of Google Glasses surf the Internet?ABy moving the mouse.BBy tapping the keyboard.CBy moving the eyeballs.DBy pressing the button.23Which of the following can
16、help you fly?ATalking Gloves.BWingsuits.CGoogle Glasses.DIndoor Clouds.BIn many countries in the world，public money is mostly used for preserving Architectural heritage(传统)in different ways.In my opinion，these funds are being spent effectively by this way.Old buildings such as historical buildings s
17、hould be protected and turned into wonderful places for learning and visiting SO that we can gain appropriate benefits from them.Personally speaking，using public funds for architectural heritage preservation is accurate as the society can take numerous advantages from this.First of all，these histori
18、cal buildings，palaces，shrines(神殿).are striking evidences for past lives and buildings.For example，before cameras were invented，there was no way to show how a life of a king was during his age.However，with his castle and exhibits，researchers can build up assumptions.The second considerable benefit of
19、 preserving architectural heritage is for tourism.In my country, every year, Hue welcomes thousands of visitors to its ancient capital，which contributes greatly to the provinces income.Among distinct types of old buildings，I suggest preserving historical one as a studying and attraction spot.This is
20、 because，along with tourism purpose，old houses and palaces surviving throughout time，witnessing the countryS important events are huge material for both students and researchers.Schools can use them for practical history lessons，which help children to learn more effectively.To sum up，spending public
21、 money for protecting architectural heritages is a brilliant choice of most governments in the world.Besides.I think we should concern more about preserving historical buildings，turn them into visiting and learning areas in order to get the best out of them.24What is the authorS attitude to using mo
22、st public money to preserve architectural heritage?ADoubtful.BFavorable.CDisapproving.DUnclear.25what is the advantage of using public funds to protect architectural heritage?AMaking money.BGaining inspiration.CPreparing for future.DImproving the environment.26Why do schools use historical buildings
23、?ATheir materials are unique.BStudents have an urgent demand.CThey help increase studentsknowledge.DThey do good to studentscommunication skills.27Whats the best title for the text?AWays of Architectural Heritage ProtectionBArchitectural Heritage Is a Treasure of SocietyCArchitectural Heritage Prote
24、ction-a Wise ChoiceDViews on Using Public Money for Architectural HeritageCBefore the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Ac
25、cordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.The trend, t
26、hen, was toward the “penny paper”a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(bu
27、t not easy) to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printers office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price
28、 of single copies was seldom a pennyusually two or three cents was chargedand some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase “penny paper” caught the publics fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.This new trend of newspapers for “t
29、he man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企业) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.28Which of t
30、he following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?AAcademic.BUnattractive.CInexpensive.DConfidential.29What did street sales mean to newspapers?AThey would be priced higher.BThey would disappear from cities.CThey could have more readers.DThey could regain public trust.30Who were the
31、 newspapers of the new trend targeted at?ALocal politicians.BCommon people.CYoung publishers.DRich businessmen.31What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?AIt was a difficult process.BIt was a temporary success.CIt was a robbery of the poor.DIt was a disaster for printers.D“Is data the new
32、oil?” asked advocates of big data back in 2012 in Forbes magazine. By 2016, with the rise of big datas fast-growing cousin deep learning, we had become more certain: “Data is the new oil,” stated Fortune magazine.Amazons Neil Lawrence has a slightly different comparison: Data is coal. Not coal today
33、, though, but coal in the early days of the 18th century, when Thomas Newcomen invented the steam engine. Newcomen built his device to pump water out of the southwests rich tin (锡) mines.The problem, as Lawrence said, was that the pump was rather more useful to those who had a lot of coal than those
34、 who didnt: it was good, but not good enough to be able to buy enough coal in to run it. That was so true that the first of Newcomens steam engines wasnt built in a tin mine, but in coal works near Dudley.So why is data coal? The problem is similar: there are a lot of Newcomen in the world of deep l
35、earning. New companies are coming up with revolutionary new ways to train machines to do impressive tasks, from reconstructing facial data from images to learning the writing style of an individual user to better predict which word they are going to type in a sentence. And yet, like Newcomen, their
36、innovations are so much more useful to the people who actually have large amounts of raw material to work from.But there is an ending to the story: 69 years later, James Watt made a nice change to the Newcomen steam engine, adding a condenser (冷凝器) to the design. That change, Lawrence said, “made th
37、e steam engine much more efficient, and thats what triggered the industrial revolution.”Whether data is oil or coal, then, theres another way the comparison holds up: a lot of work is going into trying to make sure we can do more, with less.“If you look at all the areas where deep learning is succes
38、sful, theyre all areas where theres lots of data,” points out Lawrence. Thats great if you want to classify images of cats, but less helpful if you want to use deep learning to diagnose rare illnesses. “Its generally considered unacceptable to force people to become sick in order to acquire data.”It
39、s not as impressive as teaching a computer to play a game better than any human alive, but “data efficiency” is a vital step if deep learning is to move away from simply taking in large amounts of data and giving out the best correlations (关联) possible.32The first of Newcomens steam engines wasnt bu
40、ilt in a tin mine because_.Aits operation required a lot of coalBit would lose its function in a tin mineCit was in greater demand in coal worksDthe rich mines required more advanced aids33According to the passage, in which situation is deep learning the least successful?AReconstructing facial data.
41、BPredicting a word in a sentence.CClassifying images of cats.DDiagnosing rare diseases.34What can be inferred from the passage?AWatts condenser helped the steam engine consume less coal.BData involving patients is often collected through immoral ways.CTeaching machines to learn is a vital step towar
42、ds data efficiency.DThomas Newcomens steam engine had revolutionary applications.35Neil Lawrence compared data to coal to indicate that_.Aacquiring data is as complex as mining for coalBa change is required to make more out of less dataCdata is the new fuel to start an information revolutionDa large
43、r amount of data is needed to accomplish something第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。As university doors opened in September for a new year, an estimated six million people across the world took to the streets in a historic week of climate action. The power of this yo
44、uth-led campaign reflected the urgency for action on the environment. So what now? _36_Here are some ideas about how you can be sustainable as a student.What you put on your plate matters: nearly a quarter of all greenhouse gases come from agriculture, and most of those are from meat and dairy. Meat
45、 and dairy consumption results in excessive (过度的) land use, industrial emissions, methane, water use and deforestation. _37_ A meat-free diet has been recommended as the single-biggest way an individual can reduce their effect on the planet.Forget fast fashion: keeping your clothes for as long as po
46、ssible has much more than just monetary value. In the UK, clothing has the fourth-largest environmental effect after housing, transport and food. _38_ For some freshers, this will be your first time living alone, which means doing your own washing, cooking and cleaning. _39_ Wash your clothes at a l
47、ower temperature, and choose a bamboo toothbrush or more eco-friendly sanitary (卫生的) products. When shopping, see if theres a zero-waste shop nearby, where all products are free from plastic packaging. Just turn up with your own container. If youre planning a weekend away with new friends, try to travel by train or bus._40_ But campaigning is important too. University campuses can be the perfect place for this. If you dont know where and how to start, see if there are any societies at your university like Student Climate Network. Students using fossil fuels in 76 universities have now
