Unit2 Lesson2讲义（教师版+学生版）-（2022）新北师大版高中英语必修第一册.rar

1Unit2 Lesson2 1announcement n通告；公告announce vt宣告，通告2defence n. 保卫，保护defend v. 防守；防护；辩护3bite vt . &vi. 咬 bit 过去式 bitten 过去分词4prohibit vt . 禁止 prohibition n. 禁令；禁止 5application n申请书applicant n申请人apply v申请6quit vt . &vi. 停止（做某事）quitted /quit 过去式 quitted /quit 过去分词 quitting 现在分词7 occupy vt .占用，占去（时间） occupation n工作，职业；消遣，业余活动；侵占，占领 occupied adj.使用中，有人使用或居住(不用于名词前)；忙于(不用于名词前)；被占领的，被侵占的8disappointment n失望，扫兴，沮丧disappoint vt使失望 disappointed adj失望的disappointing adj令人失望的 9amazingly adv. 惊人地，了不起地 amaze v. 使惊奇 amazing adj令人大为惊奇的 amazed adj吃惊的重点单词与短语精析重点单词与短语精析课标词课标词 高频词高频词 1. audience【用法归纳用法归纳】audience 是集合名词，意为“观众，听众”。其用法为：(1)形容观(听)众人数多或少时，通常用用 big, large, vast, small 等形容词修饰等形容词修饰，不能用 many, few 修饰。a large/small audience“观众多/少”。There was a large audience of young people at the pop concert. 流行音乐会上有大量年轻的听众。(2) audience 作主语时，谓语动词有两种情况：若强调个体，谓语动词用复数复数形式；若作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数单数形式。The audience are cheering for their favorite athletes.观众们正在为他们最喜欢的运动员加油。2A large audience was waiting outside the concert hall. 一大批观众正在音乐厅外等候。【拓展】集合名词集合名词作主语时谓语动词的数通常有以下两种情况：(1)集合名词 class, family, audience, staff(工作人员), team, crowd, public, government, group 等作主语时，若强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式；若强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式。The family next door is from Canada. 隔壁的那家人来自加拿大。(强调整体概念)The family next door like fishing very much.隔壁的那家人非常喜欢钓鱼。(强调所有的家庭成员)(2) people, police, cattle 等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。The police are searching the house.警察正在搜查这所房子。Cattle feed on grass. 牛以草为食。【练习】1.语法填空 All the audience were (be) moved by his performance last night.The Spring Festival is a special holiday when the whole family are (be) supposed to get together.Our school football team is (be) to win tomorrows match.2.完成句子我一看见他，就知道他就是警察要找的那个人。The instant I saw him, I knew he was the man (who/that) the police were looking .在一大批观众面前上台表演是一种很棒的体验。It is a great experience to perform on stage in front of a large/big/vast audience . 2. remind【用法归纳用法归纳】remind vt.提醒，使想起remind sb. of/ about sth. 提醒某人某事(不能表达为 remind sb. sth.)remind sb. of.某人想起remind sb. (not) to do sth. 提醒某人(不要)做某事3remind sb.+ that 从句从句提醒某人This song reminded me of my childhood.这首歌使我想起了我的童年。Remind me to phone Alan before I go out.提醒我在我出去之前给艾伦打电话。Please remind him that there is an important meeting tomorrow morning.请提醒他明早有个重要的会议。【拓展】相关词语积累：reminder n.C提醒人的事物；提示信，通知单The photographs are a reminder of the life in the1920s. 这些照片能使人回忆起 20 世纪 20 年代的生活。【练习】语法填空The picture of the village reminded me of memories of our family trip.In our childhood, we were often reminded by Grandma to pay (pay) attention to our table manners.Her words were a reminder (remind) that provided me with constant encouragement to smile a life.3. prohibit(尤指以法令)禁止；阻止，使不可能【用法归纳用法归纳】 prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止/阻止某人做某事；使某人不可能做某事In this city, motor vehicles are prohibited from driving in the downtown. 在这个城市，机动车辆禁止在市中心行驶。The high cost of equipment prohibits many people from taking up this sport. 装备方面高昂的花销令许多人对参与这项运动望而却步。【拓展】相关词语积累：prohibition n.U(尤指通过法律的)禁止，阻止；C禁令，禁律a prohibition against/on. 一项对的禁令/禁律(2)“禁止/阻止某人做某事”表达法集锦：prevent sb. (from) doing sth. forbid sb. from doing sth.keep sb. from doing sth.stop sb. (from) doing sth.注意：prevent/stop sb. from doing sth. 只在主语动态中可以省略 from，在被动语态中则不可省略。4【练习】1.语法填空Anyone under the age of 18 shall be prohibited from using this machine.Since the new prohibition (prohibit) on drunk driving was introduced, the number of car accidents in the area has fallen sharply.2.单句写作他视力不佳，不能当飞行员。( prohibit)His poor eyesight prohibits him from being a pilot .高频短语4. in case【用法归纳用法归纳】in case 意为“如果，假使；以防万一”，可单独使用，也可引导从句。in case of 如果，假使常见用法：常见用法：(1)用作连词，表示条件，意为“如果，假使”；(2)用作连词，表示目的，意为“以防万一”；(3)用作副词性短语，在句中作状语，可单独使用，意为“以防万一”。In case I forget, please remind me of my promise. 假如我忘记了，请提醒我一下我的诺言。( in case 引导条件状语从句)I took my driving license with me on holiday, in case I wanted to hire a car.度假时我随身带了驾驶执照，以防我想要租车。(北京高考) ( in case 引导目的状语从句)I guess weve already talked about this, but Ill ask you again just in case.我想我们已经谈过这个(问题)了，不过以防万一，我要再问你一次。( in case 为副词性短语)【练习】语法填空Leave for work a few minutes ahead of schedule. This will keep you calm in case of delays(延误), and you can spend a few extra minutes getting (get) ready for the day.5(2019江苏单项填空改编)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical. 5. quit【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)vt. & vi. 停止；戒掉停止；戒掉quit (doing) sth.停止(做)某事Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people quit smoking.医生正做研究以弄清人们戒烟时身体会发生什么(变化)。(2)vt. & vi. 离开离开(工作职位、学校等工作职位、学校等)quit school退学quit as.辞去的职务quit ones job某人辞职If you really want my advice I dont think you should quit school.要是你真想听我的意见，我认为你不应该退学。He has decided to quit as captain of the team. 他已决定辞掉小队队长的职务。【练习】语法填空Only a few of us know the reason why he quit as sales manager of this department(部门).They never quit looking (look )for a way to get where they are supposed to go.6. ought to【用法归纳用法归纳】ought to 意为“应该，应当”，为情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，一般情况下可用 should 代替，但它的语气比 should 强。它常用于以下结构：ought to do sth.应该做某事(还没有做，表现在和将来)ought to have done sth.过去本该做某事(实际上没有做)You ought to/ should work hard to achieve your aim. 你应该努力工作以达成你的目标。You ought to have arrived earlier and the film has been on for ten minutes.你本该早点儿到的，电影已开演 10 分钟了。6【注意】(1) ought to 的否定形式是在 ought 后加 not，即 oughtnt to。I begin to feel now we oughtnt to have her go away like that. 我现在开始觉得，我们不该就那样让她离开了。(2) ought to 用于一般疑问句时，将 ought 提至主语之前即可。Ought I to tell her the truth? This might hurt her feelings.我应该把真实情况告诉她吗?这可能会伤到她的感情。【练习】1.语法填空Ought he to get (get) down to his work at once?Yes, he ought to.(2020甘肃兰州一中月考) You ought to have given (give) her more help, even though you were really busy.2. 结合 ought 的用法完成句子她本该参加你的生日聚会，但她得在医院照顾她妈妈。She ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in the hospital. (attend)先生，你不应该坐在这个等候室里。这是妇女和儿童专用的。Sir, you ought not to sit in this waiting room. It is for women and children only. 7. disappointed【用法归纳用法归纳】disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的。可作定语和表语，常用来形容人或人的声音、表情等。be disappointed at/ by sth.对某物失望be disappointed in/with sb.对某人失望be disappointed (not) to do sth.对(未)做某事感到失望 We noticed a disappointed look on his face because he didnt pass the driving test. 我们注意到了他脸上失望的表情，因为他没有通过驾照考试。I was disappointed at the film. I had expected it to be much better.7我对这部电影很失望。我原本期待它会好看很多。His bad behaviour made his parents disappointed in him. 他的不良表现使他的父母对他感到失望。She was disappointed not to be chosen.她没有被选中，感到很沮丧。【拓展】相关词语积累：(1)disappoint vt. & vi. (使)失望(2)disappointment v n. U失望；C 使人失望的人（或事物）to ones (great) disappointment = (much) to ones disappointment 令某人（非常）失望的是(3)disappointing adj. 令人失望的，令人沮丧的(常用来形容物)【练习】语法填空 To his disappointment, he didnt get the job offer for the lack of work experience.Though the result is kind of disappointing and I feel disappointed , I still believe you can do it much better. (disappoint)Mary was very disappointed to see (see) the washing machine she had repaired went wrong again. 8. occupy【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)vt. 占用占用(时间、空间、面积等时间、空间、面积等) (= take up)Football occupies most of my leisure time. 足球占去了我大部分的闲暇时间。The big table occupies too much room. 这张大桌子占了太多空间。(2)vt. 使忙于使忙于(做某事做某事)，忙着，忙着(做某事做某事)occupy sb./sth./ oneself (in) doing sth./ with sth. 忙于做某事She occupied herself in writing a novel last year. 去年她忙于写一部小说。He always occupies himself with routine office tasks. 他总是忙于办公室的日常工作。【拓展】相关词语积累：(1) occupation n.C工作，职业；消遣，业余活动；U侵占，占领8(2) occupied adj.使用中，有人使用或居住(不用于名词前)；忙于(不用于名词前)；被占领的，被侵占的be occupied (in) doing sth.忙于做某事be occupied with/ in sth.忙于某事Hes fully occupied in looking after three young children. 照顾三个年幼的孩子使他忙得不可开交。【练习】1.语法填空It was a prestigious(有声望的) occupation (occupy) as only the best chefs could enter the palace kitchens.Maybe our school president will not be free to attend the meeting, for he is completely occupied with/in the 80th anniversary ceremony.2.完成句子我昨天下午给格林夫人打电话时，她正忙于给她儿子选一件衬衫。When I called Mrs Green yesterday afternoon, she was occupied (in) choosing 或 occupied herself (in) choosing a shirtfor her son.近来，我如此忙于我的工作以至于没有时间参与社交活动。Recently, I have been occupied with my work 或 I have occupied myself with my work so much that I havent had time for social activities.基础练知识巩固建议时间：基础练知识巩固建议时间：15 分钟分钟一、单词拼写一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词用本部分所学单词)1.(2020安徼合肥八中段考) After about an hour, an announcement (公告) was made that box lunches were available for five dollars.2. Jim cut through the defence (防守) to score the winning goal.3. The scenery is amazingly (惊人地) beautiful as one travels by boat along the Three Gorges Dam.4. Boxing (拳击) is a test of skill and technique, rather than strength.5. The ball bounced (弹起) twice before he could reach it.6. When Ted was six he learned how to fasten(系) and unfasten his seat belt (带).9二、语法填空。二、语法填空。在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1. The audience was so large that every seat was taken in the great hall.2.“Everything happens for the best”，my mother said each time I faced disappointment (disappoint).3. This winter vacation, all my family are (be) going to visit the Great Wall.4. He reminded us to speed (speed) up as the time was running out.5.(2020上海市金山中学期末) The novel is popular with those who were born in the 1980s, because it reminds them of the young days. 6. He sounded a little disappointed (disappoint) when he said he didnt pass the final examination.7. I think that the prohibition (prohibit) of using plastic bags is beneficial to the environment.8. It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.9. We had to ask them to quit talking (talk) in order that all the present could hear clearly.三、完成句子三、完成句子1假如我忘记了，请提醒一下我的诺言。(case)In case I forget , please remind me of my promise.2谁最有可能从网上新闻的使用中获益? (benefit)Who is most likely to benefit from the use of online news ?3她是一个游泳能手,很多人认为她一定能成功。(sure)She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure to succeed .4重要的是要记住每个人的反应不同。(it 作形式主语句型)It is important to remember that each person reacts differently.5我们提醒他们学校已经对学生的行为制定了新的规定。(remind)We reminded them that the school had already made new rules about students behaviors.10综合练能力巩固建议时间：综合练能力巩固建议时间：15 分钟分钟一、七选五阅读。一、七选五阅读。When I was young，my friends and I often played baseball in an alley(小巷) behind our home. A woman named Mrs Shinas owned a tiny house nearby，and she used to watch us play from her window._1_. We all thought that she was mean.She had a big trained dog and whenever one of our baseballs rolled in its direction，Mrs Shinas would send the dog to catch it._2_. Soon we ran out of balls.In those days，I used to water our lawn each day. One day as I stood watering our small lawn，I noticed that Mrs Shinas lawn looked a little dry. It took only a few more minutes to water it，so I did it._3_.When autumn came that year，I also helped gather up the leaves on Mrs Shinas yard. As I was doing this one day，she invited me to sit in her living room. She gave me a cookie and a glass of milk. As I sat there eating the cookie，she showed me her collection of paintings._4_. That surprised me a lot. It was the first conversation I had ever had with her. 5 . She went into her kitchen and returned with a box. In it were all the balls that her dog had taken. She handed me the box，said “thank you” and smiled. I realized she had a kind heart. I also learned that when we serve others，we are showing them that we love them.A. We wanted to buy a new ballB. But the dog wouldnt return the ball to usC. Her next action even changed my opinion of herD. Then she thanked me for taking care of her lawnE. Soon I found myself watering her lawn each dayF. She rarely came out of her house and never smiledG. What delighted me most was that she was a great painter答案：FBEDC二、阅读理解二、阅读理解11A campaign (活动) is being launched to encourage children to surrender 30 minutes of screen time a day to head for the great outdoors.The Wild Networka collaboration (合作) of nearly 2,000 organisationsis attempting to attract youngsters away from the television and computer screen and to fields, woods and parks. Members of the network include the National Trust, the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB), Play England and the National Health Service (NHS) sustainable development unit. Organisers say it is the UKs biggest ever campaign to reconnect children with nature and outdoor play, and claim it could help improve fitness, mental alertness (机敏) and general well-being.A documentary film, Project Wild Thing, which forecast the launch at more than 50 cinemas across the UK also looked at the increasingly fragile link between children and nature.Andy Simpson, chairman of the Wild Network, said, “The tragic truth is that kids have lost touch with nature and the outdoors in just one generation. Time spent outdoors is down, roaming (漫步) ranges have fallen largely, activity levels are declining and the ability to identify common species has been lost.”Suggestions of how to get more time in nature include collecting conkers (七叶树果), camping or snail racing, and observing autumn colours on trees.The network also aims to make suggestions to politicians on how government can do more to get children muddy and bright-eyed.This is not the first time the message of “less screen, more play” has been brought up. Children in the 1980s were requested to do the same by the BBC TV series Why Dont You, which somewhat confusingly called on its viewers to “switch off your TV set and go to do something less boring instead”.1. What does the underlined word “surrender” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Give up.B. Get around.C. Take up.D. Run away.2. For what purpose is the Wild Network organised?A. To make children read more books.B. To help children tell the natural world.C. To encourage children to take part in outdoor activities.D. To get children out of too much homework from school.3. “Less screen, more play” was first put forward by _.A. Wild NetworkB. the BBCC. the National TrustD. Play England124. What can we infer from the passage?A. The government will play an important role.B. Children have already been close to nature.C. Politicians have controlled the campaign.D. TV viewers will turn away from television.答案：ACBA131Unit2 Lesson2 1announcement n通告；公告announce vt宣告，通告2defence n. 保卫，保护defend v. 防守；防护；辩护3bite vt . &vi. 咬 bit 过去式 bitten 过去分词4prohibit vt . 禁止 prohibition n. 禁令；禁止 5application n申请书applicant n申请人apply v申请6quit vt . &vi. 停止（做某事）quitted /quit 过去式 quitted /quit 过去分词 quitting 现在分词7 occupy vt .占用，占去（时间） occupation n工作，职业；消遣，业余活动；侵占，占领 occupied adj.使用中，有人使用或居住(不用于名词前)；忙于(不用于名词前)；被占领的，被侵占的8disappointment n失望，扫兴，沮丧disappoint vt使失望 disappointed adj失望的disappointing adj令人失望的 9amazingly adv. 惊人地，了不起地 amaze v. 使惊奇 amazing adj令人大为惊奇的 amazed adj吃惊的重点单词与短语精析重点单词与短语精析课标词课标词 高频词高频词 1. audience【用法归纳用法归纳】audience 是集合名词，意为“观众，听众”。其用法为：(1)形容观(听)众人数多或少时，通常用用 big, large, vast, small 等形容词修饰等形容词修饰，不能用 many, few 修饰。a large/small audience“观众多/少”。There was a large audience of young people at the pop concert. 流行音乐会上有大量年轻的听众。(2) audience 作主语时，谓语动词有两种情况：若强调个体，谓语动词用复数复数形式；若作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数单数形式。The audience are cheering for their favorite athletes.观众们正在为他们最喜欢的运动员加油。2A large audience was waiting outside the concert hall. 一大批观众正在音乐厅外等候。【拓展】集合名词集合名词作主语时