Unit1 Lesson3讲义（教师版+学生版）-（2022）新北师大版高中英语必修第一册.rar

1Unit1 Lesson3 1. typical adj. 典型的；一贯的；平常type n. 类型 的typically adv. 典型地2. graduate v. 毕业graduate n. 毕业生graduation n. 毕业；毕业仪式3. inspire vt 鼓励；激励inspiration n. 激励；灵感inspiring adj. 令人鼓舞的inspired adj. 感到鼓舞的4. apply vt. 申请；涂抹；应用applied adj. 应有的 applicant n.申请者 application n. 申请；应用5. eager adj. 热切的；渴望的eagerly adv. 热切地；渴望地 eagerness n. 热切；期待6. depend vi. 依赖dependence n. 依赖；依靠 dependent adj. 依赖的 dependently adv.依赖地7. independently adv. 独立地；自主地 independent adj. 不依赖的；自主的independence n. 自主；不依赖 8. power n. 电；电力；权力 powerfully adj. 有影响力的；强有力的9. unstable adj.不稳定的stable adj. 稳定的stability n. 稳定，可靠10. dusty adj.布满灰尘的 dust n. 灰尘；灰 11. muddy adj. 泥泞的；多泥的mud n. 泥土 12. tough adj. 苦难的；难办的toughly adv. 苦难地；难办地 toughness n.艰苦 13. responsible adj. 负责任的；有责任心的 irresponsible adj. 不负责任的responsibly adv. 负责地 responsibility n.负责；责任 14. attractive adj.有吸引力的；好看的，美观的 attract vt. 吸引attraction n . 吸引；引力 15. laughter n.笑声，笑laugh vi.大笑 16. confident adj. 自信的confidently adv. 自信地 confidence n. 自信，信心，信赖17. organize vt.组织；安排organizer n. 组织者 organization n.组织；协会organized adj. 有条理的；系统的18. contribute vt. 贡献；捐献contribution n. 贡献；捐款contributor n.贡献者219. intend vt. 计划；打算；想要 intention n.目的；意图 重点单词与短语精析重点单词与短语精析课标词课标词 高频词高频词1. supply【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)n. C供给量；供给量；U 供给；供给；pl.补给品，补给补给品，补给water supply/ water supplies 供水be in short supply供应短缺a supply of/ supplies of.的供应The brain requires a constant supply of oxygen.大脑需要持续供氧。Food is in short supply all over the country.全国普遍食品供应不足。Our water supply has been cut off because they are repairing one of the main pipes. 我们的供水被切断了，因为他们在修一条主管道。The food and medical supplies have arrived at the flood- stricken area.食物和医疗用品已经抵达洪灾地区。(2)vt. 供应，供给供应，供给supply sb. /sth. with sth. 向提供某物supply sth. to sb. /sth.向提供某物He offered to supply him with another ticket free of charge.他主动为他免费提供另外一张票。A company supplying heating oil to homes caught fire on Sunday. 一家向住户提供取暖燃油的公司在星期日失火了。【拓展】表示“为某人提供某物”的其他短语：provide sb. with sth. /provide sth. for sb.offer sb. sth. /offer sth. to sb【练习】1.语法填空3(2020江苏盐城期末) After the disaster, people in that area urgently needed supplies (supply) of food and water.At the beginning of each term, students are supplied with a list of books that they are expected to read.(2017天津单项填空改编) We offer an excellent education to our students. In return, we expect students to work hard.This theme park, which is based on cartoon stories. uses the most advanced technology to provide visitors with a brand new experience of thrills(兴奋) and fun.2.完成句子(浙江高考单项填空改编)随着世界人口的持续增长，粮食的供应越来越成为大家关注的焦点。As the worlds population continues to grow, the supply of food becomes more and more of a concern.2. graduate【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)毕业；获得学位毕业；获得学位(尤指学士尤指学士)graduate from 毕业于学校graduate in.毕业于专业He graduated from an American college last year and graduated in history.去年他毕业于一所美国大学的历史专业。(2)n. C毕业生；大学毕业生毕业生；大学毕业生We would prefer to fill the post with a recent graduate. 我们更愿意用一个应届毕业生来填补这个职位。【注意】graduate 是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的词语连用。他已经从北京大学毕业 3 年了。【误】 He has graduated from Peking University for three years.【正】 He has been a graduate of Peking University for three years.【拓展】相关词语积累：4语境串记Lily was a graduate who graduated from Beijing Normal University. She graduated in English. After graduation, she became a teacher in her hometown. 莉莉是一名毕业于北京师范大学英语专业的毕业生。毕业之后她在她的家乡成了一名老师。【练习】语法填空My sister graduated in physics from Wuhan University in 2017. I still remember the day when we went to her graduation (graduate).(2020广东金山中学期末)Graduates (graduate) have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive market.After graduation/ graduating (graduate) from Oxford University, Tim went to work at a science research centre in Sweden.3. inspire【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)vt. 鼓舞，激励。后接鼓舞，激励。后接“人人”作宾语。作宾语。inspire sb. (to sth.)鼓励某人(某事)inspire sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事We need someone who can inspire the team.我们需要一位能鼓舞团队士气的人。Her trust in me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined possible.她对我的信任激励着我去做我本以为不可能的事。(2)vt. 启发思考，赋予灵感启发思考，赋予灵感The beautiful scenery inspired the composer. 美丽的景色给了作曲家灵感。(3)vt. 使产生使产生(感觉或情感感觉或情感)inspire sb. with sth.= inspire sth. in sb. 使某人产生感觉/情感5The father inspired his son with confidence. =The father inspired confidence in his son. 那位父亲使儿子产生了信心。【拓展】相关词语积累：inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的inspiration n.灵感；C, usually sing. 启发灵感的人(或事物)语境串记I was inspired by his inspiring words, which brought me creative inspiration. 我被他鼓舞人心的话所激励，这些话带给了我创作灵感。【练习】1.语法填空My thanks should go to those inspiring me to go (go) ahead and giving me support as well.When she was asked where her inspiration of the novel came from, she said her fathers inspiring words inspired her to write it. ( inspire)2.结合 inspire 的用法完成句子(北京西城区期末)许多组织在尽力鼓励人们随时随地行善举。Many organizations try to inspire people to do kind acts, wherever and whenever they can.4. apply【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)vi. 申请申请apply (to.) for.(向)申请apply to do sth.申请做某事Before you travel to a foreign country, you should apply for a passport. 在去外国旅游之前，你应该申请护照。He applied to two universities and was accepted by both of them.他向两所大学提出申请，都被录取了。Ive applied to become a volunteer at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games. 我已经申请在北京 2022 年冬奥会上做一名志愿者。(2)vt. 应用，使用；努力学习，勤奋工作应用，使用；努力学习，勤奋工作6apply sth. to.把某物应用于be applied to应用于 (to 是介词)apply oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于/专心于(做)某事Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. 后来我决定把我先前的经验应用到学习如何读和写上。(天津高考)The new technology has been applied to farming, which helps increase agricultural production.这项新技术已被应用于农业，有助于提高农业生产。Over the next months, he applied himself to improving the technique.在接下来的几个月里，他专心致志地改进这项技术。(3)vi. 适用适用apply to.适用于The offer only applies to flights from London and Manchester. 这个报价只适用于从伦敦和曼彻斯特起飞的航班。【拓展】相关词语积累：application n.U,C申请，申请书；应用applicant n.C申请人语境串记The applicants must hand in their applications first if they want to apply for the job.申请人如果想申请这份工作，就必须先上交他们的申请书。【练习】语法填空(2020广东揭阳期末) The person who wants to apply for the position is expected to have a good command of English.We should apply the theory(理论) to practice; otherwise, it is no use.(福建高考单项填空改编) To my delight(高兴), I was chosen from hundreds of applicants (apply) to attend the opening ceremony.(福建厦门双十中学期中) Besides British citizens, the new traffic law will apply to foreign drivers.Due to the application (apply) of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at the early stage.75. eager adj. 热切的，渴求的，渴望的热切的，渴求的，渴望的【用法归纳用法归纳】 be eager for.渴求得到be eager (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望(某人)做某事be eager that.热切希望(从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should 可以省略)Kate was in a hurry to grow up, and eager for knowledge and experience.凯特急于长大，渴望获取知识和经验。Many students are eager to find a good way to have their English writing improved in a short period.许多学生渴望找到一个能在短期内提高英语写作水平的好方法。Tom was eager for you to come to the party. 汤姆渴望你能来参加晚会。These children are eager that their parents (should) come home.这些孩子热切希望他们的父母回家。【拓展】相关词语积累:eagerly adv.热切地 eagerness n.渴望，热切【练习】语法填空(北京一零一中学期末) I was eager to have (have) those photos developed (冲洗) because I wanted to send them to my mother.As the Spring Festival is coming, the children are looking forward eagerly (eager) to meeting their grandparents in the hometown.(湖南高考单项填空改编) I wasnt able to hide my eagerness (eager) when I asked, “What do you wish me to do now?”6. sort【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)n. C种类，类别all sorts of各种各样的a sort of.(表示不十分准确)近似于, 有点像是8sort of (= kind of)有点，有几分There are all sorts of activities for kids at the campsite.在营地有为孩子们组织的各种各样的活动。I had a sort of feeling that he wouldnt come.我隐约觉得他不会来。She sort of behaves that she doesnt really care. 她有点表现出一副并不真正在乎的样子。(2)vt. 整理，把整理，把分类分类sort. into. 把分为类sort out整理；挑出，拣出Rubbish can easily be separated and sorted into plastics, glass and paper. 垃圾很容易分开并归人塑料、玻璃和纸三类。Can you sort out the toys that can be thrown away?你把可以扔掉的玩具挑出来好吗？【练习】用 sort 的相关短语完成句子He looked sort of (有几分) bored with the film.In my job, I have to deal with all sorts of (各种各样的) people so that I have improved my ability to get along with others.You should sort out (整理) your clothes for tomorrow before going to bed. 高频短语7. live up to【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)达到，符合，不辜负达到，符合，不辜负(期望等期望等)live up to ones expectations 不辜负某人的期望The concert was brilliantit lived up to all our expectations.音乐会很棒一点儿都没有让我们失望。(2)履行履行(诺言等诺言等)We expect you to live up to your promise.我们希望你能信守诺言。【拓展】live 构成的其他短语：live by doing sth. 靠做某事赚钱为生live on 继续存在/活着；依靠生活9live through 经历(灾难或其他困境)而幸存 live with 忍受，容忍(不快的事)live for 为而活着live/ lead a(n).life 过着的生活【练习】1.语法填空I cant change the situation so Im going to have to learn to live with it.Sometimes it was hard to live up to her standards; getting a B on my report card would make me feel (feel) bad because I knew she wanted me to get straight As.2.用 live 的相关短语完成句子达到父母的期望是他学习的动力。His motivation for learning was to live up to his parents expectations .高频短语8.deal with【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)处理，解决，应付处理，解决，应付I cant control what happens to me, but I can choose how I deal with it. 我无法掌控发生在自己身上的事，但我能选择如何应对它。(2)涉及，论及，关于涉及，论及，关于This book deals with the history of Tang Dynasty in China. 这本书涉及中国唐朝的历史。(3)与与做生意做生意When I worked in Florida I dealt with British people all the time.在佛罗里达工作时，我一直与英国人有生意往来。【辨析比较】deal with/do with易混短语易混短语区别区别例子例子deal withdeal with 作“处理，解决”讲时，常与how 连用。The new teacher is so inexperienced that she doesnt know what to do with/how to deal with these naughty boys.这位新老师非10do withdo with 作“处理，解决”讲时，常与what 连用。常缺乏经验，以至于她不知道如何应付这些淘气的男孩。【练习】1.判断下列句子中 deal with 的含义 This report deals with teaching students how to read. 涉及,关于 (2020广东汕头金山中学期末)In my opinion, it is not the failure itself but the way we deal with it that matters.处理,应付My father has been dealing with this company for twenty years. 与做生意2.语法填空They have made a decision on how to deal with the waste and pollution.Since stress can make us sick, we have to learn what to do with it.9. responsible adj.负有责任的；负责的负有责任的；负责的【用法归纳用法归纳】be responsible for. 对负责All pilots are responsible for their passengers safety. 所有飞行员都应对乘客的安全负责。【拓展】相关词语积累：(1) responsibly adv.认真负责地(2) responsibility n.U,C责任；义务escape/avoid responsibility 逃避/回避责任bear/take /shoulder/ accept responsibility for.承担责任do sth. on ones own responsibility自行负责地做某事a sense of responsibility 责任感It is ones responsibility to do sth. 某人有责任做某事。11(3) irresponsible adj.不负责任的(ir - 为否定前缀)语境串记My responsibility is to be responsible for the sale of all the products. In other words, I should take responsibility for the sale of all the products.我的责任是负责所有产品的销售，也就是说，我应该对所有产品的销售负责。【练习】1.语法填空(2017天津阅读理解改编) Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles(车辆) is not clear among car makers, consumers(消费者) and lawyers.(2020河北衡水中学期末) Its not only a great responsibility (responsible) but a great honor for a city to be chosen to host the Olympic Games.(2020山东淄博第七中学月考)AI will surely be a feature of the future life, but it must be used responsibly (responsible) and in a proper way.2.完成句子To be successful, the first thing you need to do is bear/take/shoulder/accept responsibility for 或 be responsible for(承担责任) your actions.10. attractive adj. 吸引人的，令人愉快的；有吸引力的；诱人的。【用法归纳用法归纳】attractive 在句中可作定语、表语和补语。 be attractive to. 对有吸引力He is really an attractive person. 他确实是一个有魅力的人。(作定语)Bright colours are attractive to children. 鲜艳的颜色对儿童有吸引力。(作表语)Do you have any ideas to make rail travel more attractive?你有什么主意能使铁路旅行更有吸引力?(作宾语补足语)【拓展】相关词语积累：(1) attract vt.吸引attract sb. s attention/ interest 引起某人的注意/兴趣attract.to. 把吸引到12(2) attraction n.C,U有吸引力的特征(或品质、人)；C有吸引力的事，向往的地方have an/no / a little/ much attraction for sb. 对某人具有/不具有/有一点/很有吸引力a tourist attraction 旅游胜地语境串记In Beijing, there are many tourist attractions, like the Great Wall and the Summer Palace. But what attracts me most is the Great Wall, which is also attractive to the foreigners. More and more foreigners are attracted by its beauty and come to China. 北京有许多旅游胜地，例如长城和颐和园。但是最吸引我的是长城，它对外国人也很有吸引力。越来越多的外国人被它的美吸引而来到中国。【练习】语法填空As one of the most attractive places in China, Mount Wuyi attracts millions of tourists each year, and one of its most famous tourist attractions is the Jiuqu Stream.(attract)To my surprise, he jumped at (迫不及待地接受) the offer, though it did not seem very attractive to me.高频短语11. as well as 【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)用作并列连词，连接并列结构，如名词、形容词、动词介词短语等，意为“和，也；不但而且，既又”。此时 as well as 通常不位于句首。They visited some factories, hospitals as well as the school.他们不但参观了这所学校，还参观了几个工厂和医院。(连接名词)She can play tennis as well as play the guitar. 她会弹吉他，也会打网球。(连接动词)The boy is clever as well as lovely. 这个男孩既可爱又聪明。(连接形容词)It is unpleasant in summer as well as in winter. 冬天不好过，夏天也不好过。(连接介词短语)(2)用作介词短语，意为“除之外”，相当于 besides, in addition to。其后面通常接名词或 v-ing 形式，尤其是位于句首时。As well as knowing some Russian, she also speaks Chinese well. 除了懂一些俄语外, 她汉语说得也不错。He also has to study a second foreign language as well as English. 除了英语之外, 他还必须学习一门第二外语。(3)表示同级比较，意为“和一样好”，此时 well 是副词。He played the piano as well as his teacher (did). 他钢琴弹得和他的老师一样好。13【注意】as well as 连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词与 as well as 前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致。The basketball coach as well as his team members was interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance. 因为有出色的表现，篮球赛一结束，篮球教练以及他的队员就接受采访了。【练习】语法填空We painted the walls as well as repaired (repair)the roof.(2019天津单项填空改编)Amy, as well as her brothers, was given (give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.Listening to soft music, as well as taking (take)exercise, helps a lot in relieving peoples sad emotions.11. contact【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)vt. (通过信件或电话等通过信件或电话等)联络，联系联络，联系We forgot to exchange numbersnow we cant contact each other.我们忘记交换电话号码了。现在我们联系不到对方。Tim, where are you? Ive been trying to contact you all day. 蒂姆，你去哪儿了?我一整天都在设法与你联系。(2)n. U联系；接触联系；接触make contact with sb. / get into contact with sb. 与某人取得联系keep in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系lose/be out of contact with sb. 与某人失去联系be in contact with sb.与某人有联系I have managed to make contact with an old friend. 我设法与一位老朋友取得了联系。The Internet helps me keep in contact with my friends.互联网帮助我与朋友们保持联系。Have you been in contact with your sister recently? 你近来跟你姐姐有联系吗?【练习】结合 contact 的用法完成句子Please do not hesitate(犹豫) to contact me (与我联系) if you have any problem. 14They have kept in contact with (保持联系) each other for five years.(2020北京师大附中期末) I have been in contact with (与有联系) my former teachers and classmates since I graduated from the school.高频短语12. set up 【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)建立，开办，创建建立，开办，创建I hope Ill set up my own business some day.我希望有一天我能开办自己的公司。(2)安装好安装好(设备或机器等设备或机器等)I need one or two people to help me set up the equipment.我需要一两个人帮我安装这台设备。(3)安排，策划安排，策划We need to set up a meeting to discuss the suggestions.我们需要安排一次会议来讨论这些建议。【练习】判断下列句子中 set up 的含义(2018北京完形填空改编) Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to raise money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received $8, 000. 安排,策划 (2019北京阅读理解改编)Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. 开办，创建 I set up the computer so that I could work at home. 安装好(设备或机器等) 13. contribution【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)n. C, usually sing. 贡献，促成作用贡献，促成作用make a contribution/ contributions to.对做出贡献I admire Edison a lot because he made a great contribution to the world. 我很敬佩爱迪生，因为他为世界作出了巨大贡献。(2)n. C捐款，捐资捐款，捐资15make a contribution to.向捐款The businessman makes a contribution