1、单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-4-181Using languageto -infinitive as attributive and adverbial of result UNIT 3 On the move单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-4-1821.Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions. 1 What is the function of “to play” in sentence（a）? Is it used to give description or show resu
2、lt? “To play”serves as attributive in sentence（a）. It is used to give description. 2 What is the function of “to attract” in sentence（b）? Is it used to give description or show result? “To attract”serves as adverbial of result in sentence（b）. It is used to show result. a That football is such a simp
3、le game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. b It is fun enough to attract millions of people. 单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-4-183c That football is such a simple game that people play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. d It is so fun that it attracts millions of people. Compare them with the fol
4、lowing sentences and answer the questions. 3 What is the difference between the two groups of sentences? The first group of sentences uses to-infinitive as attributive and adverbial of result，while the second group uses attributive and adverbial clauses. 4 Why does the author choose to use sentences
5、（a）and（b）in the reading passage? Because using to-infinitive makes sentences more concise. Summary不定式作定语不定式作定语放在其所修饰的名词或代词后放在其所修饰的名词或代词后，表示，表示将来的动作将来的动作。与所修饰的。与所修饰的名词或代词在逻辑上名词或代词在逻辑上可能是主谓关系、动宾关系可能是主谓关系、动宾关系。 eg 1.Is this the best way to help him? 2.Hes always the first one to get up. 3.Please give m
6、e something to drink.主谓关系主谓关系1、2句中句中(被修饰的名词或代被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的词实际上是不定式的逻辑主逻辑主语语。)动宾关系动宾关系第第3句句(被修饰的名词或代词是被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的动词不定式的逻辑宾语逻辑宾语。)1. 不定式作定语，且与被修饰的词语有逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式作定语，且与被修饰的词语有逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式动词应该是及物动词；如果不定式动词为不及物动不定式动词应该是及物动词；如果不定式动词为不及物动词，则该动词必须与介词连用，组成及物的动词短语。词，则该动词必须与介词连用，组成及物的动词短语。eg Because
7、 the room was very crowded, I needed a tall bench to stand on. He wanted to find a new house to live in.2. 当名词或代词前有形容词最高级、序数词或当名词或代词前有形容词最高级、序数词或 only修饰时，修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。常用不定式作后置定语。 eg The youngest person to enter the program was just fourteen. The window seat is usually the first one to be taken. Li
8、nda was the only one to stay for the whole performance.单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-4-1883.跟不定跟不定式作定语式作定语的名词的名词(抽象名抽象名词）词）ability, chance，idea,hope,wish,fact,excuse,promise,attempt,way,plan, decision,ambition, anxiety, desire, failure, offer, permission, , refusal, 等等n He assured us of his ability to solve the
9、problem. 他向我们保证他有能力解他向我们保证他有能力解决这个问题。决这个问题。n She expressed a wish to be alone. 她表示想要单独待一会儿。她表示想要单独待一会儿。单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-4-189主动与主动与被动被动当不定式修当不定式修饰的名词或饰的名词或代词代词为不定为不定式动作的承式动作的承受者时受者时, 不定不定式主动形式式主动形式与被动形式与被动形式的含义有所的含义有所不同。不同。n There is nothing to do. 没有事情可以做。没有事情可以做。n There is nothing to be done. 什么也做
10、不了。什么也做不了。n I have some clothes to wash. (自己洗自己洗)我有一些衣服要洗。我有一些衣服要洗。n I have some clothes to be washed. (他人洗他人洗)我有一些需要洗的衣服。我有一些需要洗的衣服。单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-4-1810 用法用法例句例句意意义义不定式作结果状语不定式作结果状语,可以表示可以表示,不定式要放在句不定式要放在句子后面。子后面。(常与常与learn, find, see, hear, make等等动词连用。动词连用。)n I returned home that day to find th
11、at everything was being in good order. 那天我回到家后发现一切都那么那天我回到家后发现一切都那么井井有条。井井有条。n After the meeting, they parted company, never to see each other. 散会后散会后,他们分道扬镳他们分道扬镳, 从此再也从此再也没有见过面。没有见过面。单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-4-1811常常用用结结构构enough to.too.to.so.as to.such.as to.only to.()She was brave enough to go there alon
12、e. 她有足够的勇气独自到那里去。她有足够的勇气独自到那里去。They were too excited to say a word.他们太激动了他们太激动了,以至于一句话也说不出来了。以至于一句话也说不出来了。Yesterday morning I got up so late as to be late for school. 昨天早晨我起得那么晚昨天早晨我起得那么晚,以至于上学都迟到了。以至于上学都迟到了。We are not such fools as to believe that.我们不是那样的傻子我们不是那样的傻子,竟会相信那件事。竟会相信那件事。They lifted a st
13、one only to drop it on their own feet.他们搬起石头他们搬起石头, 却砸了自己的脚。却砸了自己的脚。单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-4-18122.Join the sentences using the to -infinitive form. 1 The rules of the game are so simple. They make the game easy to play.The rules of the game are simple enough to make the game easy to play. 2 The ball is s
14、mall enough. It fits into most sports bags. The ball is small enough to fit into most sports bags.3 Give me a list of the teams. They can enter the competition. Give me a list of the teams to enter the competition. 4 The footballer has a dream. He wants to play for a top team. The footballer has a d
15、ream to play for a top team. 5 We arrived at the stadium. We found that the game had been cancelled. We arrived at the stadium only to find that the game had been cancelled.单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-4-1813DX Sports Watch Are you looking for a sports watch that can help you keep track of your fitness and char
16、t your training progress? Whether youre a professional athlete or keen sportsperson，DX Sports Watch is the ideal choice for you. It has a digital display that records your steps，speed and distance，as well as monitoring your heart rate and calories burnt. It also has a voice control setting that enab
17、les you to stay hands-free，while its waterproof band is fully adjustable so that it is comfortable to wear. DX Sports Watch is only available online，so go to our website and place your order today! to help you keep track ofto record your steps，speed and distanceto enable you to stay hands-freeto be
18、comfortable to wear3.Rewrite the underlined parts using the to-infinitive form. 单击此处编辑母版标题样式2022-4-1814（1）Do you have anything （say）for yourself? （2）She usually has a lot of meetings （attend）in the evening. （3）They are always the first （bear） hardships，the last_（enjoy）comforts. （4）This will be a goo
19、d opportunity （exchange）experience. （5）That will be the only thing （do） now. （6）They （没有机会去上学）（没有机会去上学）in those years. （7）Lets first find a room （放置这些东西）（放置这些东西）. （8）I want to （找些小说读）（找些小说读）during the vacation. to say to attend to bearto exchange to do had no chance to go to school to put the things
20、 in look for some novels to readto enjoy Look at the following Look at the following pictures. pictures. Which of exercises Which of exercises have you tried?have you tried?yoga squat aerobics crunches lift dumbbell jumping JackLook at the pictures and answer the questions.Look at the pictures and a
21、nswer the questions.pull-upskippingpush-upjoggingsit-upplank1. What do you know about these exercises?2. Which of these exercises have you tried?eg These exercises are easy to do, and we can do them anywhere. They are beneficial to your health, if you can keep. I have tried jogging. It makes me rela
22、xed. Read and match the descriptions to the exercises in Read and match the descriptions to the exercises in Activity 4. Underline the words and expressions Activity 4. Underline the words and expressions describing their benefits.describing their benefits.abcdef1. You have to keep your body very st
23、ill. This develops your core muscles and strengthens your lower back.f2. This develops your chest and shoulder muscles. Remember to keep your back completely straight.3. Using only a rope, you can develop your footwork and balance. Its good for your heart and youll burn a lot of calories without goi
24、ng anywhere!abcdefcb4. Find a bar that will support your weight. This builds strength in your upper body, especially in your arms and back.5. This develops the muscles in your stomach region and improves the way you stand.6. This gives you improved heart and lung function. It also helps build strong
25、 leg bones.abcdefaedyou can develop your footwork and balance.balance n. a state in which all your weight is evenly spread so that you do not fall 平衡平衡 keep ones balance 保持保持平衡，保持镇静平衡，保持镇静lose ones balance 失去失去平衡，慌乱平衡，慌乱keep a balance between . and . 保持保持与与间的均衡间的均衡on balance 总的说来总的说来，两相比较，收支相抵，两相比较，收支相抵off/out of balance 失去平衡失去平衡eg I lost my balance and fell on my face. I think students should balance well between work and study. (翻译翻译) 我失去平衡，脸着地摔倒了。我失去平衡，脸着地摔倒了。 我认为学生应该平衡好工作和学习两方面。我认为学生应该平衡好工作和学习两方面。
