1、外研版外研版 必修二必修二 Unit 3 On the MoveUsing language(to-infinitive as attributive and adverbial of result)Everyone seemed Everyone seemed to be excitedto be excited with with the the opening ceremony of 2022 Beijing opening ceremony of 2022 Beijing Winter OlympicsWinter Olympics. .每个人似乎都对2022北京冬季奥运会的开幕式感到
2、很激动。People looked excited tPeople looked excited to watch Beijing Winter Olympicso watch Beijing Winter Olympics. The . The Winter Olympics was the biggest thing to care for in those days.Winter Olympics was the biggest thing to care for in those days. 观看北京冬奥会的人们看起来很兴奋。观看北京冬奥会的人们看起来很兴奋。北京冬奥会成了这些天最关注
3、的事。北京冬奥会成了这些天最关注的事。“举办2022年冬季奥运会是我们国家巨大的荣幸。” 覃春佳，奥运会志愿者, 在2021年1月5日说, “ 我很荣幸能成为北京冬季奥运会的志愿者”。“To host the 2022 Winter Olympics is a great honor for our country.” Qin Chunjia, an Olympics volunteer said in Januray 15, 2021, “I feel honored to be a volunteer of Beijing Winter Olympics.”To win the compe
4、tition, the competitors have to practice hard day and night.为了赢得比赛，运动员们不得不没日没夜地练习。Gu Ailing decided to compete in Beijing Winter Olympics several years ago and work hard to get well prepared for it. Ultimately, She got Freestyle Skiing World Championship and made history as the first-ever female to
5、win 2 gold and 1 silver medals.谷爱凌几年前决定参加北京冬奥会比赛谷爱凌几年前决定参加北京冬奥会比赛, , 并为此努力准备。最终，她在自由并为此努力准备。最终，她在自由式滑雪世界杯夺冠并以两金一银第一位女性创作了历史。式滑雪世界杯夺冠并以两金一银第一位女性创作了历史。 Su Yiming wished himself Su Yiming wished himself to get another gold medalto get another gold medal in in snowboarding for his 18th birthday. What he
6、 wanted tsnowboarding for his 18th birthday. What he wanted to say to o say to teenagersteenagers is is to try best to try best to make their dreams come trueto make their dreams come true. .苏翊鸣希望他自己为他的苏翊鸣希望他自己为他的1818岁生日再获一枚滑雪金牌。他想要对青岁生日再获一枚滑雪金牌。他想要对青少年说的是尽最大的努力实现自己的梦想。少年说的是尽最大的努力实现自己的梦想。 People wer
7、e amazed People were amazed to watch Jin Boyan compete in Mens Single to watch Jin Boyan compete in Mens Single Figure Skating CompetitionFigure Skating Competition. . 人们惊奇地人们惊奇地观看观看金金博洋的男子单人花样滑冰比赛。博洋的男子单人花样滑冰比赛。 to -infinitive as attributive and adverbial of result Look at the sentences from the re
8、ading passage and answer the questions. 1 What is the function of “to play” in sentence（a）? Is it used to give description or show result? “To play”serves as attributive in sentence（a）. It is used to give description. 2 What is the function of “to attract” in sentence（b）? Is it used to give descript
9、ion or show result? “To attract”serves as adverbial of result in sentence（b）. It is used to show result. a That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. b It is fun enough to attract millions of people. c That football is such a simple game that people play is p
10、erhaps the basis of its popularity. d It is so fun that it attracts millions of people. Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions. 3What is the difference between the two groups of sentences? The first group of sentences uses to-infinitive as attributive and adverbial of res
11、ult，while the second group uses attributive and adverbial clauses. 4 Why does the author choose to use sentences（a）and（b）in the reading passage? Because using to-infinitive makes sentences more concise. Summary1. 不定式作定语时，不定式作定语时， 要放在被修饰的词语后面要放在被修饰的词语后面。uIs this the best way to help him?2. 不定式作定语时不定式
12、作定语时, ,与被修饰的词语在与被修饰的词语在逻辑上逻辑上存存在在主谓关系主谓关系/ /动宾关系动宾关系/ /同位关系同位关系/ /状语关系状语关系等。等。不定式作定语不定式作定语用法用法例句例句逻辑逻辑关系关系主谓关系主谓关系( (被修饰的名词或被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式代词实际上是不定式的的逻辑主语逻辑主语。) )We need We need someonesomeone to help to help with the workwith the work. .我们需要有人来帮忙做这工作。我们需要有人来帮忙做这工作。动宾关系动宾关系( (被修饰的名词或被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式
13、的代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语逻辑宾语。) )Can you give me Can you give me somethingsomething to eatto eat? ?你能给我点吃的吗你能给我点吃的吗? ?用法用法例句例句逻辑逻辑关系关系同位关系同位关系( (不定式与所修饰的名词不定式与所修饰的名词指的是一回事指的是一回事。) )We have made We have made a plana plan to to learn from Lei Fenglearn from Lei Feng. .我们制订了一个向雷锋学我们制订了一个向雷锋学习的计划。习的计划。状语关系状语关系( (被
14、修饰的名词实际上被修饰的名词实际上表示动词不定式动作的表示动词不定式动作的方式、时间方式、时间等。等。) )I have no I have no timetime to go to go therethere. .我没有时间去那儿。我没有时间去那儿。介词介词使用使用不定式与其所修饰的不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的词构成逻辑上的动宾动宾关系关系, ,而该而该不定式为不不定式为不及物动词及物动词时时, ,其后其后须加须加上适当的上适当的介词介词, ,构成及构成及物动词短语。物动词短语。 He is a pleasant He is a pleasant personperson to to w
15、ork work withwith. . 他是一个与其合他是一个与其合作起来令人感到愉快的人。作起来令人感到愉快的人。Having reunited after a long Having reunited after a long departure,departure, the two certainly the two certainly have have a lota lot to talk to talk aboutabout. . 两人两人久别重逢久别重逢, ,自有许多话要说。自有许多话要说。不定式作定语且所修不定式作定语且所修饰的名词是饰的名词是timetime、placepl
16、ace或或wayway时时, ,不定式不定式后的后的介词一般要省去介词一般要省去。He had no He had no moneymoney and no and no placeplace to liveto live. . ( (省去了省去了in)in)他没有钱也没有地方住。他没有钱也没有地方住。主动与主动与被动被动当不定式修当不定式修饰的名词或饰的名词或代词代词为不定为不定式动作的承式动作的承受者时受者时, , 不定不定式主动形式式主动形式与被动形式与被动形式的含义有所的含义有所不同。不同。n There is nothing to do. There is nothing to do
17、. 没有事情可以做。没有事情可以做。n There is nothing to be done.There is nothing to be done. 什么也做不了。什么也做不了。n I have some clothes I have some clothes to washto wash. . ( (自己洗自己洗) )我有一些衣服要洗。我有一些衣服要洗。n I have some clothes I have some clothes to be to be washedwashed. . ( (他人洗他人洗) )我有一些需要洗的衣服。我有一些需要洗的衣服。跟不定式跟不定式作定语的作定语
18、的名词名词abilityability, , ambitionambition, , anxietyanxiety, , decisiondecision, , desiredesire, , failurefailure, , offeroffer, , permissionpermission, , planplan, , promisepromise, , refusalrefusal, , wishwish, , chancechance等等n He assured us of his He assured us of his abilityability to solve the t
19、o solve the problem.problem. 他向我们保证他有能力解他向我们保证他有能力解决这个问题。决这个问题。n She expressed a She expressed a wishwish to be alone.to be alone. 她表示想要单独待一会儿。她表示想要单独待一会儿。 用法用法例句例句意意义义不定式作结果状语不定式作结果状语, ,可以表示可以表示, ,不定式要放在句不定式要放在句子后面。子后面。( (常与常与learn, find, learn, find, see, hear, makesee, hear, make等动词连用。等动词连用。) )n
20、I returned home that day I returned home that day to to findfind that everything was that everything was being in good order. being in good order. 那天我回到家后发现一切都那那天我回到家后发现一切都那么井井有条。么井井有条。n After the meeting, they After the meeting, they parted companyparted company, never, never to to seesee each othe
21、r. each other. 散会后散会后, ,他们分道扬镳他们分道扬镳, , 从此再从此再也没有见过面。也没有见过面。常常用用结结构构enough to.enough to.She was brave She was brave enough toenough to go there alone. go there alone. 她有足够的勇气独自到那里去。她有足够的勇气独自到那里去。too.to.too.to.They were They were tootoo excited excited toto say a word. say a word.他们太激动了他们太激动了, ,以至于一句
22、话也说不出来了。以至于一句话也说不出来了。so.as to.so.as to.Yesterday morning I got up Yesterday morning I got up soso late late as toas to be late for school. be late for school. 昨天早晨我起得那么晚昨天早晨我起得那么晚, ,以至于上学都迟到了。以至于上学都迟到了。such.as to.such.as to.We are not We are not suchsuch fools fools as toas to believe that. believe
23、that.我们不是那样的傻子我们不是那样的傻子, ,竟会相信那件事。竟会相信那件事。only to.only to.( () )They lifted a stone They lifted a stone only toonly to drop it on drop it on their own feet.their own feet.他们搬起石头他们搬起石头, , 却砸了自己的脚。却砸了自己的脚。Join the sentences using the to-infinitive form.The rules of the game are simple enough to make t
24、he game easy to play.The ball is small enough to fit into most sports bags.Give me a list of the teams to enter into the competition. The footballer has a dream to play for a top team.We arrived at the stadium to find that the game had been canceled. DX Sports Watch DX Sports Watch Are you looking f
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27、ord your steps，speed and distanceto enable you to stay hands-freeto be comfortable to wearRewrite the underlined parts using the Rewrite the underlined parts using the toto-infinitive form. -infinitive form. 1.There are still many problems _(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. 2.
28、She is always the first _(come).3.I was too excited _(say) a word.4.She reached the airport , only _(tell) the plane had already taken off. to be solved to come to say to be told5.The boy is old enough _(take ) care of himself.6.I dont think him to be the best man _(do ) the job because he is very careless.7.He is always the first _(bear) hardships and the last_(enjoy) comforts.8.He lifted a stone only _(drop) it on his own feet. to bear to enjoy to drop to take to do
