1、Unit 2形容词比较级和最高级的形形容词比较级和最高级的形式式副词比较级和最高级的形式副词比较级和最高级的形式 形容词与副词比较级和最高级形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法的基本用法 Exercises 形容词比较级和最高级的构成形容词比较级和最高级的构成1. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成形容词比较级和最高级的构成2. 不规则形容词比较级和最高级形式不规则形容词比较级和最高级形式 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的基本用法形容词和副词比较级和最高级的基本用法1. 比较级比较级 2. 最高级最高级形容词形容词比较级和最高级的构成比较级和最高级的构成构成法原 级比较级最高级 一般单音节词末尾加-er
2、和 -eststrongstrongerstrongest 单音节词如果以-e结尾，只加-r 和-st strangestrangerstrangest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅 音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-estsadbighotsadderbiggerhottersaddestbiggesthottest 少数以-y，-er，(或-ure)，-ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er和-est(以-y结尾的词，如y前是辅音字母，把y变成i，再加-er和-est， 以-e结尾的词只须加-r和-st)angryclevernarrownobleangrierclever
3、ernarrowernoblerangriestcleverestnarrowestnoblest 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单 词more和mostdifficultmore difficultmost difficult不规则不规则形容词形容词比较级和最高级形式比较级和最高级形式原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样。 1. 一般副词 hard harder
4、hardest fast faster fastest late later latest early earlier earliest 2. 特殊副词 well better best much more most badly worse worst little less least 3. 开放类副词 开放类副词即以后缀-ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er或-est，而应在副词原形前加more或most。如： quickly more quickly most quickly quietly more quietly most quietly 副词比较级和最高级的形式副词比较级和最高级
5、的形式1. 比较级 1）比较级通常由“形容词（副词）比较级+ than” 构成，表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。如： Mary is happier than Jane. 玛丽比珍妮幸福。 （形容词和系动词用） He lives more happily than I. 他过得比我幸福。 （副词修饰行为词） 2）注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如： The purpose of the research had a more important mea
6、ning for them than it did for us. Sound travels faster through water than through air. 3）比较级前还可用much, even, still, a little等词语来修饰，表示“得多”，“甚至”，“更”，“一些”等意思。如： Japan is a little larger than Germany. 日本比德国大一点儿。 Air in the country is much cleaner than that in the city. 乡下的空气比城里干净的多。4）“the + 比较级，the+比较级”结
7、构，意思为“越越”。表示一方的程度随着另一方程度的改变而改变。如： The more books one reads, the more knowledgeable he becomes. 一个人读的书越多，知识就越多。 The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is). 温度越高，压力越大。5）隐含比较级 有时比较级并不一定出现than，这时通过上下文可暗示出。如： Are you feeling better now? 你现在感觉好些了吗？ 有些形容词在表示比较的时候，用“to”而不用“than”。如： prior
8、 to 较早的，较重要的 superior to优越，高于 inferior to 下等的，次的 senior to 年长的，地位高的 junior to年幼的，地位低的 preferable to 更好的 The task is prior to all others. 这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。 In math he felt superior to John. 他觉得自己数学比约翰强。 He is two years senior to me. 他比我大两岁。 Health without riches is preferable to riches without health.
9、 贫穷但健康要比富有却多病更可取。 2. 最高级 1）最高级用于三者或三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词形容词最高级名词表示范围的短语或从句”（如of all, of the three, in the world, that has ever taken place等）。如： Of all the writers in England, William Shakespeare is the most widely known. 英国所有作家中，威廉莎士比亚是最为大家熟知的。2）形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the，副词最高级前一般不加定冠词the。如： Light travels fas
10、test of all forms of matter. 在所有物质中，光运动得最快。3）当用介词短语表明形容词或副词最高级的比较范围，作介词宾语的名词或代词与句中的主语属同一类人或物，并把主语包括在内时，用介词of；如不属于同一类人或物，而只说明在某一时间、空间范围内的比较时，用介词in。如： He is the tallest of the four boys. （ He 与boys属同类） He is the tallest in our class. （ He与 class不属同类） 4）可以用原级、比较级、最高级三种形式来表示最高级的意思。如： She is the best stu
11、dent in her class. She is better than any other student in her class. No other student in her class is better than she (her)(在口语中多用宾格). No other student in her class is as good as she. 1. Directions: In this exercise, there are fifteen sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,
12、C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. BDD1）E-mailing is much _ than long-distance calling. A. cheapB. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest 2）This question is _ more difficult than that one. A. rather B. quite C. very D. a little 3）Yang won the women 500 meters in the sports meet.
13、She did _ of all. A. good B. well C. better D. best 4) _ you start, _ youll be back. A. Early; soon B. The early; the soon C. The early; the sooner D. Early; sooner CCDA5）Would you please say it _ ? I still cant follow you. A. louder B. slower C. more slowly D. more loudlier6）Mum, this T-shirt is mu
14、ch too small for me. Would you buy me a _ one? A. nice B. large C. nicer D. larger 7）Now China has joined the WTO. So I think English is _ useful than before. A. more B. most C. much D. many 8）I dont think Unit 3 is more difficult. I think its _ . A. more easily B. more easier C. much easily D. much
15、 easier 9）The young man drives _ than he did three months ago. A. much carefully B. much more careful C. much more carefully D. much careful DCBDB10）Mike is the oldest boy and is taller than _ boys in the class. A. the other B. any C. each D. all 11）His sister is _ than he. A. younger five years B.
16、five years younger C. five year younger D. five younger years 12）The USA is one of _ countries in the world. A. rich B. richest C. more rich D. the richest 13）He thinks he is superior _ his classmates because his father is an important person. A. than B. to C. of D. with A14）Last year, Matt earned _
17、 his brother, who has a better position. A. twice as many as B. twice as much as C. twice more than D. twice as more as 15）The climate of Japan is milder than _ . A. Canada B. in Canada C. that in Canada D. that of Canada BD2. Directions: In each of the following sentences, there are four underlined
18、 parts with one part improperly used. Identify that part and put it right in a proper form. 1）On the whole, ambitious students are much likely to succeed in A B their studies than are those with little ambition. C D 2） A great many teachers firmly believe that English is one of the A B most poor tau
19、ght subjects in high schools at present. C D3）John chance of being elected chairman of the committee is far A B C greater than Mike. DB are more likely C most poorly taught DMikes 4）My knowledge of English literature is more inferior to hers. A B C D 5）The harder she tried, the more badly she danced
20、 before such a A B C large audience. D 6）The population of China is larger than any other country in the world. A B C D 7）That product that we sell at a slightly higher price is the more A B preferable to the one of a lower price. C D B inferior B the worse D that of any country B 删掉 “the more” 8）He
21、 took down the largest of the two dictionaries and began to A B search for the word he had misspelled. C D largerB 3. Directions: Put the following sentences into English. 1）我犯的错误比你多多了。 2）你的猜测与正确的答案相差最远。 3）我姐姐比你的大哥大3岁。 I made a lot more mistakes than you (did). Your guess is the furthest from the co
22、rrect answer.My elder sister is three years older than/senior to your eldest brother.4）这个消息使教师们比学生还感到意外。5）汽油比前几年贵了一倍。 6）我感冒更厉害了。这次感冒是我最厉害的一次。 Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago. My cold is getting worse. Its the worst cold Ive ever had. The news was more surprising to the teachers than to the students.
