1、动词-ing形式作主语和宾语动词-ing作主语动词-ing形式的结构可以在句中作主语，多指抽象的、概念性的动作，可以是经常性的行为。Swimming does good to our health.游泳对我们的身体有好处。1. 动词-ing形式作主语的用法(1)直接用在句首作主语Learning about a language is easier than using it.学习有关语言的知识比使用它容易。(2)用it作形式主语，把动词-ing形式后置，常用在下面句式中。It is no /little use doing sth.做某事没有/几乎没有用处It is worth doing
2、sth.做某事是值得的It is a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间It is fun doing sth.做某事很有趣It is no good quarrelling with him.和他争吵没有好处。It is no use telling her not to worry.告诉她不要着急也没有用。Its a waste of time arguing about it.争论这事是浪费时间。(3)用于“there be”结构中There is no saying when it will stop raining.无法断定这场雨什么时候会停。(4)动词
3、-ing形式的复合结构作主语当动词-ing形式有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构。His coming to the party made me very excited.他来参加派对使我很兴奋。练习：1. _ with his entire family is the most important part of Spring Festival for him. (be)（所给词的适当形式填空）2. _ (get) stuck in the traffic jams makes me annoyed. (所给词的适当形式填空)3. _ (unde
4、rstand) your own needs and styles of communication, as we all know, is as important, if not more, as learning to convey your emotions.（所给单词适当形式填空）4. _ (focus) your attention on the text rather than the grammar will help you understand the passage better.（所给单词适当形式填空）5. _ (go) to bed early and rising
5、early is a good habit.（用单词的适当形式填空）6. There is a rule: _ (carve) names on the desk is forbidden in the classroom.（所给单词适当形式填空）7. _ (study) hard isnt always fun, but Ill be well-prepared for university or whatever comes in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空)8. _ (expose) to the sun for a long time does harm to ou
6、r skin. (所给词的适当形式填空)9. _ (listen) to English radio programmes helps him get used to how fast native speakers talk. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】1. Being 2. Getting 3. Understanding 4. Focusing 5. Going 6. carving 7. Studying 8. Being exposed 9. Listening 【解析】1. 考查动名词。句意：对他来说，和全家人在一起是春节最重要的部分。根据句子结构，_ with his en
7、tire family是本句的主语，此处需要用动名词作主语，故填Being。2. 考查动名词。句意：堵车使我很恼火。此处用动名词（doing）作主语，首字母大写。故填Getting。3. 考查动名词。句意：我们都知道，了解你自己的需求和沟通方式，与学习表达你的情感同等重要，甚至更重要。作系动词is的主语应用动名词。故填Understanding。4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：你把注意力放在课文上而不是语法上，会帮助你更好地理解课文。分析句子可知，will help为句子谓语，空格处以及谓语前面内容为主语，所以此处应用focus的动名词形式。因位于句首，首字母大写。故填Focusing。5. 考查
8、动名词。句意：早睡早起是个好习惯。分析句子成分可知，句子的谓语是is，设空处与“and rising”作并列主语，所以设空处也应填入ing形式。故填Going。6. 考查动名词。句意：有一条规定：禁止在教室里的桌子上刻字。分析句子可知，冒号后面的句子缺少主语，表示“在桌子上刻字”这一动作，用动词carve的动名词carving做主语。故填carving。7. 考查动名词。句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但是我会为将来的大学或任何事情做好准备。分析句子成分可知，设空为主语，又因为此处泛指“努力学习”，故应用动名词形式来做主语。故填Studying。8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：长时间暴露在太阳下对我
9、们的皮肤有害。be exposed to曝光于，暴露。分析句子可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填Being exposed。9. 考查动名词。句意：听英文广播节目帮他习惯了外国人的快语速。分析句子成分可知，谓语动词是helps，所以该空应该填listen的非谓语动词形式。根据句意可知“听英语广播”是一个长期的、习惯性的动作，所以应该用listen的动名词形式来作主语，故填Listening。动词-ing作宾语动名词做宾语的情形：1. 作及物动词宾语Would you mind opening the window?The girl practices playing violin e
10、very evening.2. it作形式宾语，代替动名词I found it interesting being back at school again.3. 作动词词组的宾语You should avoid quarrelling with your sister.4. 介词的宾语The police arrested him for speeding.5. 既可接doing又可接to do的动词，但意义不同I forget to take the medicine.我忘记吃那个药。I forget taking the medicine.我忘记把那个药吃了。6. 常接动名词的动词或动词
11、短语：此类动词有：admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest.Were considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.练习：1. Most Danes are used to _ (see) between 50%-70% of their salary going to the government.（所给词的适当形式填空）2. This does not mean that people have stopped _(appreciate) traditional Chinese
12、 culture. (所给词的适当形式填空)3. At the weekends, I play computer games if Im not busy _ (study).（所给单词适当形式填空）4. To save the environment, we should not be addicted to _ (use) cars.（所给词的适当形式填空）5. They spent so much time _ (improve) their reading ability.（所给单词适当形式填空）6. Steel is produced by_ (combine) iron with
13、 carbon.（所给词的适当形式填空）7. Neighbors devoted their spare time to_ (help) others rebuild homes.（所给词的适当形式填空）8. Karry burst out _ (cry) when her boyfriend said goodbye.（所给单词适当形式填空）9. As an exchange student, it took me a long time to adjust to _ (live) alone in Australia.（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】1. seeing 2. appreci
14、ating 3. studying 4. using 5. improving6. combining 7. helping 8. crying 9. living【解析】1. 考查动名词。句意：大多数丹麦人习惯了看见他们50%到70%的工资被政府拿走。“be used to”意为“习惯于”，to是介词，后面接名词或动名词作宾语。故填seeing。2. 考查动名词。句意：这并不意味着人们不再欣赏中国传统文化。动词stop后可以接动词不定式或动名词作宾语，stop to do sth.表示停下原来做的事情，去做另一件事情，而stop doing sth.表示停止做某事，结合句意可知，此处表示停止
15、做某事，所以空处需用动名词作宾语。故填appreciating。3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在周末，如果我不忙于学习，我就玩电脑游戏。be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”是固定用法，用动名词作宾语，故填studying。4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了拯救环境，我们不应该沉迷于使用汽车。短语be addicted to doing sth.表示“沉迷于做某事”，后跟动名词作宾语。故填using。5. 考查动名词。句意：他们花了很多时间来提高阅读能力。根据句意和句中spent可知，句子讲述的是过去的事，为一般过去时，improve意为“提高，改进”，动词词性，句中涉及“spend
16、time (in) doing sth.”，意为“花费时间做某事”，improve的动词ing形式为improving。故填improving。6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：钢是由铁和碳组合起来炼成的。空格在介词by后，应该用动名词作介词的宾语，故填combining。7. 考查非谓语。句意：邻居们利用业余时间帮助别人重建家园。短语devote.to.，意为“把用于/献于”，其中to为介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，根据句意和搭配，所以填helping。故填helping。8. 考查动名词。句意：当她男朋友说再见时，凯莉突然哭了起来。burst out后接动名词作宾语，意为“突然做某事”，根据句意，故
17、填crying。9. 考查动名词。句意：作为一名交换生，我花了很长时间才适应独自在澳大利亚生活。分析句子可知，设空处前面的to为介词，后应接动名词作宾语，故填living。巩固训练单词默背1. Its easier to _ (骑自行车) with the wind behind you. (根据汉语意思填空)2. She took out a map and indicated the quickest _ (路线) to us. (根据汉语意思填空)3. I found him in the _ (走廊) nervously pacing up and down. (根据汉语意思填空)4.
18、 Located off-centre in the irregularly shaped lake was a _ (喷泉). (根据汉语意思填空)5. It seemed _ (难以置信的) that people would still want to play football during a war. (根据汉语意思填空)6. It is a law that _ (禁止) tobacco advertising in newspapers and magazines. (根据汉语意思填空)7. This gives you the opportunity to pray for
19、and _ (祝福) the other. (根据汉语意思填空)8. The school rules state that no children shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless adults _ (陪伴) by them. (根据汉语意思填空)9. I hit my leg on the _ (边缘) of the table as I walked past. (根据汉语意思填空)10. Although the local people are a minority, they have firm co
20、ntrol of the _ (领土). (根据汉语意思填空)阅读理解A Kenyan teacher who gave away. most of his monthly salary (工资) to poor people has won a $1 -million Global Teacher Prize.In 2016, Peter Tabichi came to Keriko Mixed Day Secondary School, a public school, in a faraway Kenya s Rift Valley. The school had just a sing
21、le computer and had problems connecting to the Internet. It had no library or laboratory, as well. To make matters worse, the students came from poor families where basics like food and clothing were hard to come by. While these difficulties would have caused most people to leave quickly, Tabichi st
22、ayed.Realizing that starving kids make for poor students, the teacher began using as much as 80 percent of his monthly salary to buy food and learning objects for them. He set up a science club to get kids interested in the topic. “Our laboratory does not have everything, but I encourage them to thi
23、nk wider and use what we can get locally.”Tabichi and other four teachers regularly visit low-achieving, at-risk, students at their homes to provide one-on-one help and to understand the difficulties these children face daily. Tabichi also encourages parents to allow girls to continue their high-sch
24、ool education.Tabichis efforts have made a difference. School registration(注册)has more than doubled to almost 400 now since he came. In 2017, 16 of the 59 graduating students went to college, while in 2018, the number rose to 26. In 2017, five students qualified(有资格)for the Intel ISEF (International
25、 Science and Engineering Fair). This year, two other students will compete in the 2019 Intel ISEF to be held in Phoenix, Arizona.The teacher, however, owes his success to his students, saying, “I am only here because of what my students have achieved. This prize gives them a chance. It tells the wor
26、ld that they can do anything.” As would be expected, Tabichi plans to spend the prize money on his school community and to feed the poor.11. What is the text mainly about?A. A school located in a Kenyas Rift valley became famous.B. A Kenyan teacher helping poor students won Global Teacher Prize.C. A
27、 Kenyan teacher helped girls to continue their high-school education.D. Five Kenyan students qualified for the Intel ISEF for their performance.12. What can we know about Keriko Mixed Day Secondary School?A. It had dozens of teachers.B. It was in the center of a city.C. It owned a modem lab.D. It wa
28、s in poor condition.13. Which word can be used to describe Peter Tabichi?A. Honest.B. Wealthy.C. Kind.D. Humorous.14. Which is the closest number of students when Peter Tabichi began teaching there?A. 90.B. 190.C. 290D. 390.完形填空I have learned a lot from being a taxi driver. Ive been in the 15 for ma
29、ny years, and I know there is a lot about it that is not so 16 . Taxi drivers have to be tough to 17 the New York traffic eight hours a day. Because taxi drivers are tough, people get the wrong 18 that they are bad. However, you can read in the 19 almost every week that taxi drivers 20 the things pe
30、ople left in their cabs.Once I found a ring in my cab. I remembered helping a lady with a lot of baggage that day, so I went back where I had 21 her off. It took me almost two days to find her so as to 22 the ring. I didnt get as much as “ 23 ”. Still, I felt good because I had done what was right.P
31、eople ask me about the 24 . As far as I know, 25 everyone will give you something. You know most Americans are pretty 26 . I always try to be nice to everyone, whether they tip or not. I try to 27 others the way I want to be treated. I have been trying this for a long time, and the longer I try, the
32、 28 it gets. Up till now, I still hold the view that 29 is one of the greatest qualities of people.15. A. projectB. departmentC. businessD. organization16. A. goodB. helpfulC. badD. advisable17. A. cutB. fightC. avoidD. enjoy18. A. factB. truthC. theoryD. impression19. A. bookB. magazineC. newspaper
33、D. advertisement20. A. take outB. bring inC. set asideD. turn in21. A. seenB. droppedC. knockedD. set22. A. buyB. returnC. repairD. find23. A. Thank youB. Im sorryC. It doesnt matterD. With pleasure24. A. roadsB. passengersC. placesD. tips25. A. actuallyB. certainlyC. graduallyD. especially26. A. su
34、ccessfulB. generousC. seriousD. independent27. A. payB. followC. treatD. entertain28. A. easierB. harderC. smallerD. clearer29. A. curiosityB. confidenceC. modestyD. honesty语法填空China plans to complete the construction of a space station and have 30 put into operation around 2022, said Zhou Jianping.
35、 the chief designer of Chinas manned space program, at a forum (论坛) 31 (hold) in south Chinas Guangdong Province. The space station 32 (design) to weigh 100 tonnes and accommodate three astronauts, 33 could be enlarged if needed, according to Zhou.“The main goal of the construction of the space stat
36、ion is to enable China to become a country 34 (independent) mastering the technology for long-term manned flight in near-Earth space, and having the capability to carry out long-term manned scientific 35 (experiment) in near-Earth space and comprehensive development and utilization (利用) of space res
37、ources,” 36 (say) Zhou at the 4th China Summit Forum on Human Factors Engineering, which was held at Sun Yat-sen University from Saturday to Sunday.The space station will be built as Chinas main platform for space science research, 37 the intention of mastering the technologies in constructing and 3
38、8 (operate) large space facilities, the technologies that guarantee life and health of astronauts who often fly in orbit, and the construction of a 39 (nation) space lab, according to Zhou.答案单词默背【答案】1. cycle 2. route 3. corridor 4. fountain 5. incredible6. prohibits 7. bless 8. accompany 9. edge 10.
39、 territory【解析】1. 考查动词。句意：顺风骑自行车会更容易。此处是不定式，to后加动词原形，动词“骑自行车”是cycle。故填cycle。2. 考查名词。句意：她拿出一张地图，指给我们最快的路线。由形容词最高级the quickest修饰用名词，“路线”是route，且indicate后接名词作宾语。故填route。3. 考查名词。句意：我发现他在走廊里紧张地踱来踱去。由the修饰用名词，“走廊”是corridor，故填corridor。4. 考查名词。在这个形状不规则的湖中有一个喷泉。根据不定冠词a和中文提示“喷泉”可知，这里用名词的单数形式。故填fountain。5. 考查形容
40、词。句意：在战争期间人们还想踢足球，这似乎令人难以置信。此处是形容词作表语，“难以置信的”是incredible，故填incredible。6. 考查动词时态。句意：这是一项禁止在报纸和杂志上刊登烟草广告的法律。根据汉语意思“禁止”可知应填动词prohibit，作谓语，且根据上文is可知为一般现在时，此处为句为定语从句，a law为先行词，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填prohibits。7. 考查动词。句意：这给了你为他人祈祷和祝福的机会。根据汉语意思“祝福”可知应填动词bless，结合上文the opportunity to pray for and可知此处为不定式作定语，故应填动词原形
41、。故填bless。8. 考查动词。句意：学校规定，除非有大人陪同，否则白天不允许任何孩子离开学校。分析句子结构可知空格所在的句子是一个条件状语从句，主句为一般现在时，且表示的学校规定，故从句也要用一般现在时，accompany by是一个固定短语，意为：伴随、陪伴，根据汉语提示可知答案为accompany。9. 考查名词。句意：我走过桌子旁时把腿磕在桌子边上了。这里要用edge表示名词“边缘”。故填edge。10. 考查名词。句意：虽然当地人是少数，但他们牢牢地控制着这块领土。根据汉语意思“领土”以及上文定冠词the，可知应填名词territory，作宾语。故填territory。阅读理解【答
42、案】11. B12. D13. C14. B【解析】本文为记叙文。肯尼亚教师Peter Tabichi资助贫困学生完成学业，并致力于非洲科学教育，他因此荣获2019年“全球教师奖”和100万美元的奖金。11. 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“A Kenyan teacher who gave away most of his monthly salary(工资) to poor people has won a $1-million Global Teacher Prize.”及全文的内容可知，本文主要讲述肯尼亚教师Peter Tabichi资助贫困学生完成学业，并致力于非洲科学教育，从而荣获201
43、9年“全球教师奖”的故事。故选B。12. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“The school had just a single computer and had problems connecting to the Internet. It had no library or laboratory”可知，学校只有一台电脑，与因特网的连接也有问题。它也没有图书馆或实验室。因此这所学校条件很差。故选D。13. 推理判断题。根据第三段的“the teacher began using as much as 80 percent of his monthly salary to buy food and
44、 learning objects for them”可知，他把工资的80%拿出来资助贫困学生，据此可以判断Peter Tabichi为人善良，乐善好施。故选C。14. 细节理解题。根据第五段的“School registration(注册) has more than doubled to almost 400 now since he came.”可知，目前学校注册人数翻了一番，达到了将近400人，可见当Peter Tabichi初次来到这所学校时，学生人数约为200人。故选B。完形填空【答案】15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. D 21. B 22. B
45、23. A 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己作为出租车司机的行业体验和观点看法。15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在这一行已经很多年了，我知道有很多东西不是很好。A. project项目；B. department部门；C. business行业；D. organization组织。根据“I have learned a lot from being a taxi driver”(我从做出租车司机中学到了很多)可知，此处是指在这一行已经很多年。故选C。16. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在这一行已经很多年了，我知道有
46、很多东西不是很好。A. good好的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. bad坏的；D. advisable明智的，可取的。根据“Because taxi drivers are tough”(因为出租车司机都很强硬)可知，此处是指这一行里有很多东西不是很好。故选A。17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在纽约，每天8小时的交通状况下，出租车司机必须要顽强地与之抗争。A. cut割破；B. fight打仗；C. avoid避免；D. enjoy喜欢。根据“the New York traffic eight hours a day”可追，此处是指与纽约每天8小时的交通状况抗争。故选B。18. 考查
47、名词词义辨析。句意：因为出租车司机很强硬，人们就会产生他们很坏的错误印象。A. fact事实；B. truth真理；C. theory理论；D. impression印象。根据“that they are bad”可知，此处是指他们很坏的错误印象。故选D。19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，你几乎每周都可以在报纸上看到出租车司机把人们留在出租车上的东西交上来。A. book书；B. magazine杂志；C. newspaper报纸；D. advertisement广告。根据“the things people left in their cabs”和“you can read in the”可知，此处是指在报纸上看到。故选C。20. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，你几乎每周都可以在报纸上看到出租车司机
