1、Unit 6Survival(满分:120分;时间:100分钟)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AElephant ConservationCountry:ThailandThis is a working vacation at a wildlife centre. Anyone can become a volunteer if he/she agrees to help the elephant keepers with tasks.Daily tasksCollect
2、the elephants at 6:30 a.m. Take them to look for food in the forest. Clean the enclosure. Swim with the elephants in the lake in the afternoon. If volunteers want to relax after work, they can watch satellite television.How this vacation helpsIf these elephants hadnt been rescued, they would still b
3、e living on the streets of Bangkok. A rural environment is much better for them than an urban environment where there is lots of pollution.Gorilla SafariCountries:Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda Departures:Aug.Dec., 23 departures per monthExtras:gorilla permit 220If youre lucky, youll see lions, elephants and
4、 rhinos on safari. The highlight of the trip is the opportunity to see gorillas in the mountain forests. However, you must be in good healthif a gorilla caught a cold, it would be extremely harmful to its whole family.How this vacation helpsThere are only about 600 mountain gorillas left in the worl
5、d as human activity has reduced the area where they can live. When you buy a permit, this will pay for the protection of the national park.Polar Bear WatchingCountry:CanadaDepartures:sixty trips between Oct. 1Nov. 19Every October and November, groups of polar bears gather in Hudson Bay. As they are
6、normally lonely creatures, this is unusual. The bears wait for the ocean to freeze so they can hunt seals, so this is the perfect opportunity to see them.How this vacation helpsIf the Arctic ice cap melts due to global warming, polar bears will be in danger. We give a share of our profits to the Pol
7、ar Bears Alive Charity.Your commentThese awesome bears get all the liquid they need from their food.1.What will an elephant volunteer do?A.Take food for elephants at 6:30 a.m.B.Sweep the houses of elephants.C.Wash elephants in the lake in the afternoon.D.Watch satellite television on elephants.2.Wha
8、t do we know about Gorilla Safari?A.You can find gorillas in Kenya and Canada.B.You might get a cold in the mountain forests.C.Visitors need to pay $220 to see 600 gorillas.D.There are about 10 trips to visit gorillas.3.What can we know from the last paragraph?A.Polar bears dont need to drink water.
9、B.Polar bears store the liquid in their food.C.Polar bears drink all kinds of liquid.D.Polar bears eat mainly liquid food.BHaving attended a first-aid-at-work course, Brian Cracknell soon found himself responding to two emergencies in a week.Brian was at work in his bus company office in Weston-supe
10、r-Mare on May 18 when a colleague called to say there had been an accident at a bus stop nearby. He ran to the scene with his first-aid kit and found an old lady sitting at the bus stop. When boarding (上车) the bus, the old lady painfully hurt her left leg, which was bleeding.He introduced himself, a
11、nd asked some basic first-aid questions to get a general picture of her health. Then he put his jacket on the floor, using the ladys coat as a pillow, and gently laid her down so he could raise her legs and apply some bandages. Brian said, “At first I was a bit worried about remembering to do all th
12、e right things. I made sure she was as comfortable as possible.” When he had nearly finished, he told the lady that she was his first one. The lady said he was doing a great job.Just a week later, Brian got a second call-out to help another lady at a bus stop.Having used his new skills twice within
13、a short time, Brian has decided to sign up as a Red Cross first-aid volunteer. He said, “I just thought: whats the point of having this knowledge if Im not going to use it? It felt really good to help those people. I was so proud of myself afterwards, so Im going to join the Red Cross.”4.Before help
14、ing the old lady, Brian .A.had given first aid to many peopleB.was thought to be a skilled first-aid volunteerC.knew nothing about how to handle an emergencyD.had learnt first-aid skills but hadnt put them into practice5.What was wrong with the old lady when Brian arrived?A.Her legs were bleeding af
15、ter being injured.B.Her left leg was injured and was bleeding.C.She fell onto the ground and hurt her head.D.She was knocked down by a bus and lost her legs.6.What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?A.The reason why Brian was asked to help.B.Brian handled two emergencies in a week.C.How Brian gave firs
16、t aid to the old lady.D.How the old lady reacted to Brians performance.7.After using his first-aid skills twice, Brian.A.was discouraged and decided to give upB.realized he still had a lot of things to learnC.decided to give up his job for the Red CrossD.decided to help more people with his first-ai
17、d skillsCScientists investigated why the Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then by human-to-human contact. The research team looked at the Zaire Ebola virus in an animal system to understand how it gained strength. This virus is responsible for the current outbreak
18、in West Africa. They found that initially (最初) the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission (传播) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe.The team analyzed the viruses at different stages and were able to identify several changes in its
19、 genetic material that were associated with increased disease.Professor Julian Hiscox, who led the study from Liverpool Universitys Institute of Infection and Global Health, explained, “The work tells us that the evolutionary goal of the Ebola virus is to become more fatal.”“We were able to show thr
20、ough genetic analysis which parts of the virus are involved in this process. The information we have gathered will allow us to monitor such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies.”Professor Roger Hewson, leading the study from Public Health England, Porton Down, said,“
21、The Ebola virus is such a destructive infection to the people affected by the disease and the economy of West Africa.”“Our understanding of the Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can get our specialists skills together to close this knowledge gap
22、.”Professor Miles Carroll, a co-author of the work, said, “This study has allowed the team to be at the forefront of developing methodologies to analyze patient samples recently taken by the European Mobile Laboratory from West Africa to understand disease evolution during the current outbreak.”8.Wh
23、at does the first paragraph mainly tell us?A.How severe the Ebola virus is.B.How the Ebola virus spreads.C.How the Ebola virus gradually becomes deadly.D.What contributions scientists have made on the Ebola virus.9.Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?A.In the first stage, t
24、he virus hurts its victims much.B.As the virus spreads, itll change and become more and more deadly.C.The research on the Ebola virus is more advanced than that on other viruses.D.The scientists have a negative attitude to the research on the Ebola virus.10.The underlined word “fatal” has the closes
25、t meaning to .A.optimisticB.deadlyC.commonD.fantastic11.Where can we probably read this passage?A.In a science report.B.In a storybook.C.In an advertisement.D.In a textbook.DScientists have been studying Antarctica for over a century, but details as basic as what it looks like beneath all that ice h
26、ave largely remained a mystery. Now,Earther reports that a team of scientists from Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, and the UK has published the most detailed data yet on the continents subglacial topography(冰川下的地形)near the South Pole.As they report in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, cent
27、ral Antarctica is home to three large canyons(峡谷), one of which is deeper than the Grand Canyon and nearly as wide at some points. The researchers made the discovery by flying a plane with radar over the South Pole, a spot that isnt covered by satellites. They expected to find mountains beneath the
28、ice sheet, but the wide canyons they found between the mountains came as a surprise.Of the three canyons, two hadnt been documented previously. The largest, the Foundation Trough(基础槽), measures 218 miles long, up to 22 miles wide, and 6,260 feet deep, putting it up there with the planets most impres
29、sive canyons.The discoveries are significant on their own, but the real purpose behind the research is to better understand how the West and East Antarctic ice sheets will react to rising temperatures. Human-caused climate change has made some of the continents ice not firm, and the West Antarctic i
30、ce sheet especially has been slowly melting to the sea. If patterns continue, the coastal glaciers supporting the large ice sheets could fall down, causing sea levels to rise a minimum of 10 feet. If this happens, the canyons could be a major factor in the speed and direction of ice flow from centra
31、l Antarctica to the coast.The event isnt likely to happen in the near future, but further study of Antarcticas topography will allow scientists to better predict when it might.12.Which of the following have scientists known little?A.The shape of Antarctica ice.B.The condition of Antarctica ice.C.The
32、 Grand Canyon.D.The beneath of Antarctica ice.13.Which of the following was found by a plane with radar?A.The Grand Canyon.B.The mountains.C.Three large canyons.D.Ice sheets.14.How do the scientists feel about finding the wide canyons?A.Unexpected.B.Interesting.C.Ridiculous.D.Common.15.Whats the aim
33、 of the study?A.To document the three canyons.B.To find out how large the three canyons are.C.To know how ice sheets react to rising temperatures.D.To show the importance of the three canyons.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Who would win in a fight, a lion or a tig
34、er? Well, if size has anything to do with the matter, the tiger would win. Thats because tigers are the largest of all cat species. Tigers are not only large, they are also fast. They can dash as fast as 40 miles per hour for short distances and leap as far as 30 feet. 16At the start of the 20th cen
35、tury, there were over 100,000 tigers living in the wild. By the turn of the century, the number of tigers outside of catch had decreased to just over 3,000. Interestingly, the most serious threats that tigers face come from a much smaller species, one with an average weight of around 140 lbs. That s
36、pecies is Homo sapiens, better known as humans. 17Tigers are hunted for many reasons. 18Though trading tiger skins is now illegal in most parts of the world, one tiger fur is worth around $10,000 on the black market. Though the fur would be an incentive(刺激) for most hunters, other parts of the tiger
37、 can also fetch a pretty penny. Some people in China and other Asian cultures believe that various tiger parts have cure functions. Traditional Chinese medicine calls for the use of tiger bones, among other parts, to cure some disease.Tigers have also been hunted as a game. 19Such killings took plac
38、e in a large scale during the 19th and early 20th centuries, when an English hunter might demand to kill over a hundred tigers in their hunting careers. Though this practice is much less popular today than it was in the past, it has not stopped entirely.Humans have done great damage to the worlds ti
39、ger population through hunting, but perhaps more damage has been caused through the destruction of habitat. Tigers once ranged widely across Asia, all the way from Turkey to the eastern coast of Russia. 20 The tiger population is now isolated in small pockets in southern and southeastern Asia. This
40、is because humans have heavily changed the environment. Humans built towns and cities. Road and transport systems were created to connect these towns and cities. To feed the people living in these areas, forests and fields have been cleared to create farmland. A major difficulty of preserving tigers
41、 is the large amount of territory(领土,领域)that each tiger requires. Each wild tiger demands between 200 and 300 square miles. Because tigers need so much territory, it is really difficult to acquire enough land to support a large population of tigers.A.Humans have done great harm to tigers.B.A lion is
42、 not as large as a tiger but runs faster than it.C.People have long valued the famous striped(有条纹的)skins.D.But over the past 100 years, tigers have lost 93% of their historic range.E.Humans threaten tigers in primarily two ways:hunting and destroying their habitat.F.In other words, people hunt tiger
43、s only for the thrill and achievement of killing them.G.You may not think that such large, fast, and fierce tigers need help to survive, but they do.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The last complete ice shelf in the Canadian Arctic
44、has collapsed (倒塌). The Milne Ice Shelf is 21 Ellesmere Island, Canada. The shelf lost 22 40 percent of its area in just two days at the end of July, 2020.Above normal air temperatures, offshore winds and open water in front of the shelf are all parts of the 23 for its break-up.The shelf area shrank
45、 (缩小) by about 80 square kilometers. By comparison, the island of Manhattan in New York 24 about 60 square kilometers.Temperatures in the polar area have been 25 intense (强烈的). Summer in the Canadian Arctic in 2020 has been 5 degrees Celsius 26 the 30-year average. That has 27 smaller ice caps, 28 c
46、an melt quickly. As a glacier disappears, more bedrock is left 29. This then speeds up the melting 30. A research camp, including instruments for measuring water flow through the ice shelf, was lost when the shelf at Ellesmere Island collapsed.“It was only a 31 of time,” said Mark Serreze, director
47、of the National Snow and Ice Data Center. His study showed the ice caps were 32 to disappear within five years. Their disappearance was 33 last year, when NASA satellite images of the area showed a complete lack of snow and ice. Serrezes 34 trip to the Arctic was many years ago. “When I was there in
48、 the 1980s, I knew every square inch of those ice caps,” Serreze said. “You have the good 35. Its like your first girlfriend. I want her back.”21.A.at the edge ofB.in front ofC.at the back ofD.at the end of22.A.rather thanB.less thanC.other thanD.more than23.A.situationsB.conditionsC.elementsD.problems24.A.combinesB.coversC.evaluatesD.obtains25.A.seriouslyB.especiallyC.naturallyD.nearly26.A.downB.belowC.upD.above27.A.reducedB.broken
