1、unit4words and eXpressionsXConfucius 孔子Temple of Confucius 孔庙philosopher 哲学家philosophy哲学Kong Family Mansion 孔府Cemetery of Confucius 墓地 孔林descendants 后代；子孙ancestor 祖先；祖宗阿喀琉斯阿喀琉斯, 是凡人英雄是凡人英雄珀琉斯珀琉斯和海洋女神和海洋女神忒忒t提斯提斯的爱子。忒提斯为了让儿子炼成的爱子。忒提斯为了让儿子炼成“金钟罩金钟罩”, 在他刚在他刚出生时就将其倒提着浸进冥河。遗憾的是出生时就将其倒提着浸进冥河。遗憾的是, 阿喀琉阿喀琉斯
2、被母亲捏住的脚后跟却不慎露在水外斯被母亲捏住的脚后跟却不慎露在水外, 在全身留在全身留下了唯一一处下了唯一一处 “死穴死穴”。后来。后来, 阿喀琉斯被帕里斯一阿喀琉斯被帕里斯一箭射中脚踝而死去。后人常以箭射中脚踝而死去。后人常以 “阿喀琉斯之踵阿喀琉斯之踵” 譬譬喻这样一个道理：即使是再强大的英雄，也有致命喻这样一个道理：即使是再强大的英雄，也有致命的死穴或软肋。的死穴或软肋。Achilles heel 阿喀琉斯的脚跟阿喀琉斯的脚跟/之踵之踵zhng1.chief adj.最重要的；最高级的n.（公司或机构的）首领；酋长【搭配】the chief engineer/architect总工程师/
3、建筑师【造句】Tourism is now the _chief_(主要的) industry of Dawson Cityits present population is 762.2.individual adj. 单独的：个别的 n.个人 kingdom kdm : n. 王国王国;领域领域emperor 皇帝empire 帝国king: 国王国王 queen: 女王女王; 王后王后prince:王子王子; 王孙王孙; 亲王亲王princess:公主公主; 王妃王妃The United Kingdom puzzle n谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使迷惑 be puzzled abou
4、t sth 对某事迷惑不解 puzzling: adj. 令人迷惑的令人迷惑的/困惑的困惑的 puzzled: adj. (人感到人感到)困惑的困惑的;迷惑不解的迷惑不解的a word puzzle: be in a puzzle about sth. 对某事迷惑不解puzzle about/over sth. 对某事感到迷惑puzzle sth. out琢磨出.的答案字谜 nearby nba: adv. 在附近在附近 adj. 附近的附近的;邻近的邻近的(常在名词前常在名词前)near: 在在.附近附近be near to.: 距距.近近be far from.: 距距.远远Her mot
5、her lives in a nearby town. Her mother lives in a town nearby.她妈妈住在附近的小镇。Break away from sb./sth.脱离，背叛，逃脱脱离，背叛，逃脱1.Be related to 2.Be linked with/to 3.Be involved in 4.Have something to do with与与有联系有联系join to.把把和和联系起来联系起来=connectwith/topBreak up打碎；分裂；散会；解散打碎；分裂；散会；解散pBreak down出故障；垮掉；失败出故障；垮掉；失败pBre
6、ak out突然发生；爆发突然发生；爆发pBreak into强行闯入强行闯入Belong to属于属于(不能用于进行时态和被动语态不能用于进行时态和被动语态) belongings（n.）A as well as B谓语动词的单复数取决于A (就远原则）相同用法的还有together with；along with；rather than等Not only A but also B 强调B 谓语动词单复数取决于B 财产；所有物财产；所有物 currency 货币；通币货币；通币military defence 军事力量军事力量military training 军训军训他们上个月军训了。他们
7、上个月军训了。paper currency 纸币 They had their military training last month. military mltri : adj. 军事的军事的;军用的军用的 defence dfens : n. 防御防御;保卫保卫in defence 保卫；防守in defence of .为了保卫.in sb.defence/ in defence of sb .为某人辩护 defend v. defend sb./sth. form/against 保卫.defend sb. from /against 针对.为某人辩解defensive adj 防御
8、的defenceless adj. 不能自卫的surroundings npl 周围的环境 surround vt.围绕；包围be surrounded by/with 被包围surround .with. 用包围surround vt.围绕；包围surrounding adj.周边的8. evidence n.证据；证明；根据(1 )There is some/no evidence that 有/没有证据证明.in evidence显然；显而易见Theres some evidence that outdoor activities are good for us.显而易见的是户外运动对我
9、们有好处。Modem science has given clear evidence that smoking can lead to many diseases.现代科学技术清楚地证明吸烟会导致许多疾病。(2) evident adj.明显的；明白的Its evident that.很明显evidently adv.It is evident that the man is highly thought of in the company.很明显这个男的在公司不受重视。 achievement n.成就；成绩；达到achieve vachieve ones success 取得成功achi
10、eve ones goal达到目标a sense of achievement 成就感 1)It is a suitable for a new airport. 2)The factory at the foot of a hill. location lken : n. 地方地方;地点地点;位置位置 locate : v. 使位于使位于;确定准确地点确定准确地点be located in/at/to: 位于位于;坐落在坐落在 location is located适当形式填空 conquer kk(r) : v. 占领占领;征服征服;控制控制 battle btl : n. 战役战役;搏斗
11、搏斗 v. 搏斗搏斗;奋斗奋斗The man battled against cancer for four years. I believe that we can conquer cancer in the near future. keep your eyes open (for)留心；留意catch ones eye have an eye for in ones eyes look sb. in eye(s) she has a good eye for beauty.她对美很有鉴赏力。我正在做作业，这时一只鸟引起了我的注意。I was doing my homework when
12、a bird caught my eye.引起某人的注意对.有鉴赏能力依某人看，在某人眼里直视某人 charge t:d: v. 收费收费; 指控指控; 主管主管;充电充电 n. 主管主管; 收费收费;指控指控free of charge: 免费charge sth 收费.charge (sb) for.（向）收.的费用take charge of: 负责; 主管be in charge of: 负责; 主管be in the charge of: 由负责/主管v. n.收费，要价get charged: 受指控charge sb with: 指控v.n控告，指控n. 掌管，负责 announ
13、cement : n. 通告;宣告 announcer n.广播员；播音员 announce nans: v. 宣布宣布;通知通知;声称声称announce sth. to sb向某人宣告某事It is announced that 据宣布.make an announcement 宣布 amount n金额；数量a large amount of +不可数 大量，许多large amounts of +不可数 大量，许多in large/ small amounts 大量地/少量地修饰名词作主语，其谓语动词地数取决于amount的数。A large amount of money spent
14、 on the bridge.Large amounts of money spent on the bridge.was were approach n方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；vi.靠近 “.的方法”表达法：approach to way to do sth / of doing sth means of doing sth method of doing sthview: n. 景色景色;风景风景scenery: n. 风景风景;景色景色sight: n. 风景风景;景象景象landscape lndskep:n. (陆上陆上/乡村的乡村的)风景风景enjoy the .: 欣
15、赏风景欣赏风景watch/see the .: 看风景看风景generous 慷慨的；大方的be generous with sth. 在某方面大方be generous in doing sth.乐于做某事Its generous of sb. to do sth.generosity慷慨；大方(n.)generously 慷慨地；大方地(adv.)She is generous in helping others./Its generous of her to help others.（1）她乐于助人。 （2）他不吝啬金钱。He is generous with his money.but
16、terhoneyfeastsnack1 ) Whats your this problem?2)Mary is thinking applying for the position.3)You should put the medicines in position.4)When I entered the office, I found all the books out of position.position pzn: v. 安装安装;安置安置;使处于使处于 n. 位置位置; 职位职位; 姿态姿态;地方；观点，立场地方；观点，立场in place/position 在合适的地方在合适的地
17、方out of place/position 在不合适的地方在不合适的地方position on 词辨析义词辨析义be eager to do sth.渴望做某事be eager for渴望 eager adj.热切的；渴望的热切的；渴望的 eagerness n. 热切；渴望(1)Mike is eager _ (stay) away from the busy city life for a while.(2)As far as I know, he is eager_ successto stayfor poet pt: n. 诗人诗人 roll rl: v. (使使)翻滚翻滚;(使使)
18、滚动滚动; n. 卷卷(轴轴); 翻滚翻滚;a roll of paper/cloth: 一卷纸/一匹布The woman rolled up /down the window. dot dt: n. 点点;小小(圆圆)点点 v. 加点加点;遍布遍布Small villages dot the countryside. poem pm: n. 诗;诗歌(可数名词)poetry ptri: n.诗集; 诗歌; 诗作（不可数） cattle ktl : n. 牛牛(牛的总称牛的总称)(集合名词集合名词)注：cattle: 集合名词,前面不能加 a,词尾也不可加s。常和many,these,thos
19、e,the等连用。 用作主语时,句子的谓语动词多用复数。the Chicago Bulls: 芝加哥公牛队 a head of cattle: 一头牛 eighty head of cattle: 80头牛 cow: n. 母牛; 奶牛 ox: 公牛(已阉割) (复数: oxen) bull: 公牛(未阉割) ocean n : n. 大海大海;海洋海洋the Indian/Pacific Ocean印度洋/太平洋the Arctic/Atlantic Ocean 北冰洋/大西洋 greet rit: v. 问候问候;迎接迎接 a greeting card: 贺卡She greeted al
20、l the guests warmly as they arrived at her courtyard. greeting : n. 招呼;迎接; 祝词 What words does the writer use to describe sensory details? sensory sensri : adj. 感觉的感觉的;感官的感官的sense: n. 感官the sense of sight/ smell/hearing/ touch/ taste: 视觉/嗅觉/听觉/触觉/味觉 sensory organs: 感觉器官striking strak: adj. 引人注目的引人注目的
21、;显著的显著的 strike strak : v.&n.罢工; 侵袭; 重创; 打; 碰撞; 打动; 敲钟; (钟)打点/报时 (strike - struck - struck/stricken) 2)There is a striking difference betweenTom and Peter. 引人注目的形象1)A striking image.汤姆和皮特之间区别很大。 crowd n.人群；一群人；民众 vt.挤满；使.拥挤a crowd of/crowds of :一大群; 很多crowd in (on sb): (想法/问题等) 涌上心头;涌入 crowd into sth
22、: 大批涌入.crowded : adj. 拥挤的; 挤满的 be crowded with.: 挤满1)Dave could not find a seat in the room. It was very crowded. 2)I want to get there early to avoid the crowds. 3)A crowd of people are waiting in front of the school gate. 4)Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on her.5)Millions of people have crowded into the center of the capital.6)In the spring the park is always crowded with people every day.tThank you!
