1、2019年山西特岗教师招聘考试英语真题及答案教育理论综合知一、选择题(本题共 5 小题,每小题 2 分,共 10 分。每小题有四个选项,只有一项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项前的字母填入下面表格对应的空格内）1.教师要坚守高尚情操,知荣明耻,严于律己,以身作则,这体现了教师职业道德中的A.为人师表B.关爱学生C.教书育人D.爱岗敬业【答案】A【解析】中小学教师职业道德规范（2008 年修订）中规定，教师职业道德包括：爱国守法；爱岗敬业；关爱学生；教书育人；为人师表；终身学习。其中为人师表要求教师坚守高尚情操，知荣明耻，严于律己，以身作则。衣着得体，语言规范，举止文明。关心集体，团结协作，尊重同
2、事、家长。作风正派，廉洁奉公。自觉抵制有偿家教，不利职务之便谋取私利。2.教育是国之大计、党之大计。新时代贯彻党的教育方针,要坚持马克思主义指导地位,贯彻新时代中国特色社会主义思想,坚持社会主义办学方向,根本任务是A.发展素质教育B.落实立德树人C.促进学生身心发展D.传承、更新文化【答案】B【解析】3 月 18 日，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平在北京主持召开学校思想政治理论课教师座谈会并发表重要讲话。他强调，新时代贯彻党的教育方针，要坚持马克思主义指导地位，贯彻新时代中国特色社会主义思想，坚持社会主义办学方向，落实立德树人的根本任务，坚持教育为人民服务、为中国共产党治国理政服
3、务、为巩固和发展中国特色社会主义制度服务、为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设服务，扎根中国大地办教育，同生产劳动和社会实践相结合，加快推进教育现代化、建设教育强国、办好人民满意的教育，努力培养担当民族复兴大任的时代新人，培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。3.乌申斯基指出:“一般说来,儿童是依靠形式、颜色、声音和感觉来进行思维的。”这要求我们在教学中要重视运用A.循序渐进原则B.因材施教原则C.巩固性原则D.直观性原则【答案】D【解析】直观性原则是指在教学中引导学生直接感知事物、模型或通过教师用形象语言描绘教学对象，使学生获得丰富的感性认识。夸美纽斯指出凡是需要知道的事物，都要通过事物
4、本身来学习，应该尽可能把事物本身或代替它的图像呈现给学生，这就是直观性原则的典型体现。4.根据中华人民共和国教育法,下列不属于我国基本教育制度的是A.义务教育制度B.职业教育制度C.终身教育制度D.学业证书制度【答案】C【解析】中华人民共和国教育法第十九条，国家实行九年制义务教育制度。第二十条，国家实行职业教育制度和继续教育制度。第二十一条，国家实行国家教育考试制度。第二十二条，国家实行学业证书制度。第二十三条，国家实行学位制度。第二十五条，国家实行教育督导制度和学校及其他教育机构教育评估制度。5.中国学生发展核心素养,以科学性、时代性、民族性为基本原则,以培养“全面发展的人”为核心,主要分为
5、文化基础、社会参与和A.学会学习B.责任担当C.自主发展D.科学精神【答案】C【解析】中国学生发展核心素养中指出，核心素养以培养“全面发展的人”为核心，分为文化基础、自主发展、社会参与 3 个方面，综合表现为人文底蕴、科学精神、学会学习、健康生活、责任担当、实践创新六大素养，具体细化为国家认同等 18 个基本要点。专业基础知识6.-Go for a picnic this weekend ,OK?-_,I love getiing clone in natureA.I couldnt agree moreB.I dont think soC.I believe notD.Im afraid n
6、ot【答案】A【解析】A 我不能再同意了，B 我不认为是这样，C 我不相信，D 恐怕不是，题目中问到这周去野餐怎么样？，故选 A。7.-Dont you think the meal we had in the fastfood restaurant was too -No.It was well worth _was charged.expensive?A.howB.whichC.whatD.that【答案】C【解析】charge 是一个及物动词，所以是形容词后的宾语从句，从句里缺主语，所以用 what。8. The Chinese Dream is _ dream to improve p
7、eoples well-being and _ dream of harmony,peace and development.A.a:;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a【答案】A【解析】两个空都是表泛指，中国梦是一个提高人民生活水平的梦，是一个和谐，平安和发展的梦。故本题选 A9.I have done much of the work, Could you please finish _ in two days ? A.anotherB.the otherC.the moreD.the rest【答案】D【解析】我已经做了大部分的工作，你能不能在两天内把剩下的做完？这里剩下的
8、就是 D，A 是指任意的另一个，B 是指一个的另一个，C 指的是更多，因此选 D。10. On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she_pale A.gotB.ChangedC.wentD.appeared【答案】C【解析】他一听到煤矿的事故信息，他的脸就变白了。get pale 表示“.苍白了”，强调已经苍白了。go pale 表示“变.苍白了”，强调变化的过程，故本题选 C。11. While cleaning the snow on the road,_. A.a cellphone was found on the
9、groundB.I found a wallet laid on the ground C.a cellphone appeared on the ground D.I found a wallet lying on the ground【答案】D【解析】句子的主语必须是人，所以很容易判断是 B 和 D 对，这样的话，在看后边的结构，find 后接宾语，后面的 lying 做分词，修饰 cellphone。表主动。12. I won t call you_something unexpected happens A.whetherB.unlessC.becauseD.while【答案】B【解析
10、】考查状语从句，A 是否，B 除非，C 因为.D 然而，除非意外事情发生，我不会给你打电话,故本题选 B。13.Getamove on!The runners have _ their positions on the startinglineA.takenupB.pickedupC.dressedupD.madeup【答案】A【解析】take up 占领，占据，占有（位置、阵地）；pick up 捡起；接载；学会；dress up 装扮；打扮；make up 组成；化妆；补足；编造句子表达的意思是赛跑选手已经在起跑线上占据了他们的位置；故答案选 A14.Do youremember MrGo
11、ddart ,_ taught us English compositionA.whoseB.whichC.whoD.that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句，从句缺主语，用 who。故选择 C。15.- English has a large vocahulary,hasnt?-Yes.more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read andcommunicate.A.KnowB.KonwingtC.To knowD.Known【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句，祈使句加 and 或者是 or，表示就会或者否则，这句话选择
12、A。三、完形填空（共 20 题，每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白出的最佳选项，并将所选答案的字母填入下列表格对应的空格内。A little boy invited his mother to attend his schools first teacher-parentmeeting. To the little boys16, she said she would go. This17 be thefirst time that his classmates and teacher18his mother and
13、he felt19of her appearance. Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a severescar that20 nearly the entire right side of her face. The boy never wantedto21why or how she got the scar.At the meeting, the people were22by the kindness and natural beauty ofhis mother23the scar, but the little boy w
14、as still embarrassedand24himself from everyone. He did, however, get within25of aconversation between his mother and his teacher.The teacher asked26 , “How did you get the scar on your face？”The mother replied,“27my son was a baby, he was in a room that caughtfire. Everyone was28afraid to go in beca
15、use the fire was29, so Iwent in. As I was running toward his bed, I saw a long piece of wood coming downand I placed myself over him trying to protect him. I was knocked30butfortunately, a fireman came in and saved both of us.” She31the burned sideof her face. “This scar will be32, but to this day,
16、I havenever33what I did.”At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears inhis eyes. He held her in his arms and felt a great34of the sacrifice thathis mother had made for him. He held her hand35for the rest of the day.16.A.enjoymentB.disappointmentC.surpriseD.excitement【
17、答案】B【解析】考查名词的词义辨析和语境理解，从下文可以看出，小男孩不希望他妈妈去开会所以他妈妈说要去时，他感到失望故选 B。17.A.shouldB.couldC.wouldD.must【答案】C【解析】考查时态，根据上下文得知没有这是第一次，过去将来时故选 C。18.A.metB.greetedC.noticedD.accepted【答案】A【解析】考查动词，根据上下文可知，他们是第一次见到他的母亲，这句话选择 A。19.A.sickB.tiredC.afraidD.ashamed【答案】D【解析】考查上下文，男孩的老师没见过他的妈妈，他的妈妈有个疤痕，所以这让他很惭愧，故本题选 D。20
18、.A.passedB.includedC.coveredD.shaded【答案】C【解析】考查动词，一个疤痕覆盖了他的脸部大部分的地方，这句话选择 C。21.A.talk aboutB.wander aboutC.tell aboutD. shout about【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语，意思是他不想提及或者谈论他的妈妈为什么会这样，故本题选 A。22.A.impressedB.surprisedC.excitedD.comforted【答案】A【解析】考查动词，人们被他妈妈的这种善良和自然美留着了深刻的印象，故本题选择 A。23.A.in sight ofB.in spite ofC.b
19、y way ofD.by means of【答案】B【解析】考查连词，尽管他的妈妈有车，但是大家都被妈妈的自然美和善良留下了深刻的印象，这句话选择 B。24.A.hidB.protectedC.separatedD.escaped【答案】A【解析】考查上下文，男孩很尴尬，想把自己藏起来，因此次选择 A。25.A.learningB.remindingC.hearingD.understanding【答案】C【解析】考查意思，在他想把自己藏起来的时候，听到了一段对话，下文正是对对话的描写，这句话选择 C。26.A.carefullyB.casuallyC.nervouslyD.anxiously
20、【答案】A【解析】考查副词，老师这时谨慎地他的妈妈这个疤痕是怎么回事，故这道题选择 A。27.A.AsB.WhenC.BeauseD.Since【答案】B【解析】考查上下文的意思，当他的儿子还是孩子的时候，房间里着火了，这句话选择 B。28.A.soB.quiteC.muchD.too【答案】D【解析】考查连词，火太大，以至于人们都不敢进去，这句话选择 D。29.A.in controlB.under controlC.out of controlD.over control【答案】C【解析】考查连词，上文中说着火了，没人敢进去，因为火势难以控制，这句话选择 C。30.A.helplessB.
21、senselessC.hopelessD.useless【答案】B【解析】考查形容词，着火之后，母亲跑进去，这时一定是无意义的，无知觉的敲门，故这道题选择 B。31.A.pointedB.showedC.wipedD.touched【答案】D【解析】考查上下文，一个消防员进来救了我们，这时他摸着自己的脸，这句话选择 D。32.A.uglyB.lastingC.seriousD.frightening【答案】B【解析】考查名词的词义辨析和语境理解这个伤疤将会是持久的(lasting)。故选 B33.A.forgotB.recognizedC.consideredD.regretted【答案】D【
22、解析】考查名词的词义辨析和语境理解我永远不会后悔 regretted 我所做的。故选 D34.A honor B.happiness C.sense D.pride【答案】C【解析】考查名词的词义辨析和语境理解这里表达了男孩的一种意识或感受，所以用sense故选 C35.A.quietlyB.slightlyC.suddenlyD.tightly【答案】D【解析】他把她的手紧紧地 tightly 握了一天。故选 DAThe gray-haired lady cant wait to leave the building to search for her dad. Unless watched
23、, she will walk in the streets in an effort to find her father, who died 30 years ago.Not all cases of Alzheimer s disease look like this,but Alzheimers is a serious disease that is said to be the fourth or fifth leading cause of death for people over age 75.In the early stages,people may exhibit sh
24、ort term memory loss.Some may experience changes in personality ,easy to be angry.As the disease progressive,patient might lose the ability to move and may be unable to speak or move at all.This progressive disease generally lasts 8 to 10 years before death occurs.While no one is certain about the r
25、easons of these changes in the brains nervefibers, their effect is certain. Alzheimers destroys not only the patients, but also spouses, friends and families.What should you do if you notice progressive memory loss in yourself or a loved one? Have the person examined by a doctor who is a specialist
26、in the treatment of Alzheimers disease.Though many reasons other than Alzheimers disease may cause memory loss, its early diagnosis and treatment may delay some of the most serious effects.What feeling will you likely experience should a loved one suffer from Alzheimers disease? A person will often
27、go through the various stages of sadness, shock, anger, and so on. If the spouse develops the disease, you may experience hurt and disappointment when he or she doesnt remember you are married.Life for the Alzheimers patients and their loved ones will never be the same as the disease progresses, bri
28、nging a deep sorrow, loss and even anger towards God. No matter what feelings are present, facing them honestly will serve one better than burying them.36. What can be inferred about the gray-haired lady? A. She has been living with her father.B. She was sad about the death of her father.C. She cant
29、 search for her father without being watched. D. She suffers from Alzheimers disease.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，灰色头发女士的父亲在 30 年前已经去世，如果没有人看管，她就会一直寻找她的父亲，且根据下文可知，文章是在讲述与阿尔茨海默症（老年痴呆症）有关的内容，这位女士的事情是一个例子，她患有阿尔茨海默症，故答案选C。37. When people suffer from Alzheimers disease, _.A. they will certainly die in 8 to 1
30、0 yearsB. they will forget everybody but their spousesC. their families and friends will suffer from the same diseaseD. their families and friends will experience mental sufferings【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话可知，这种疾病在死亡发生之前通常会持续 8-10 年，而不是一定会，故 A 项错误。根据第四段第二句话以及倒数第二段内容可知，患者也会忘记自己的配偶，故 B 错误。文章并没有提到 C 选项的
31、内容。根据文章倒数第二段可知，患者的家属会遭受各种感受，故选 D， 遭受精神折磨。38.What can we know from the passage?A.Nerve fibers in the brain will cause Alzheimers disease.B.Early treatment may stop Alzheimers disease occurring.C.When one suffers from Alzheimers disease,he will be buried.D.It is still unknown what causes the changes i
32、n the brains nerve fibers. 【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容可知，A 选项错误，B 和 C 选项文章中并没有提到，根据文章第四段第一句话可知，没有人确定造成大脑中神经纤维变化的原因是什么，故选D。BReduce, reuse and recycle”, this familiar environmentalist slogan tells us how to reduce the amount of rubbish that ends up in landfills and waterways.The concept is being used to
33、deal with one possibly dangerous form of waste electronic junk , such as old computers, cell-phones, and televisions. But this process for managing e-waste may be used in an unscrupulous way more often than not used, a recent report suggests.“A lot of these materials are being sent to developing nat
34、ions under the excuse of reuse to bridge the digital divide,” said Richard Gutierrez, a policy researcher.One of the problems is that no one proves whether these old machines work before they hit the seaways. Because of this, the report says, e-waste is a growing problem in Lagos, Nigeria, and elsew
35、here in the developing world. Much of the waste ends up being thrown away along rivers and roads. Often its picked apart by poor people, who may face dangerous exposure to poisonous chemicals in the equipment.Businessmen also pay workers a little money to get back materials such as gold and copper.
36、This low-tech recovery process could expose workers and the local environment to many dangerous materials used to build electronics. According to Gutierrez, this shadow economy exists because the excuse of recycling and reusing electronics gives businessmen “a green passport” to ship waste around th
37、e globe.“ Developing nations must take upon some of the responsibility themselves, ” Gutierrez said. But, he added, “A greater portion of this responsibility should fall on the exporting state.”China, for example, has become a dumping place for large amounts of e-waste. The nation is beginning to ta
38、ke action to stop the flow of dangerous materials across its borders. The Chinese government, after many years of denial, is finally beginning to take the lead.39.What does the passage mainly tell us ?A. E-waste is a growing problem in developed countries. B. Developing countries are making full use
39、 of e-waste.C. Developing countries are facing serious environmental problems.D. E-waste is sent to developing countries under the excuse of reuse. 【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知，这些电子垃圾很多都以重新利用的名义运往发展中国家。故选 D。40.Which of the following statements is TURE.according to what Gutierrez said ? A .Poor countries
40、 should be blamed for this problem.B. Developing countries should be responsible for this problem.C. Exporting countries should be mainly responsible for this problem.D. Neither rich nor poor countries should be blamed for this problem.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。 根据第四段最后一句 But, he added, “A greater portion of t
41、his responsibility should fall on the exporting state.（但他又补充道“大部分责任应该由出口国担当”），故选 C。41.What can be inferred from the last paragraph ?A .China is falling behind other countries in dealing with e-waste.B .China has greatly changed her idea about the problem of e-waste.C.China has hidden a large amount
42、of e-waste in many secret places.D.China has prevented poisonous materials entering China for long time. 【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。最后一段的意思是“中国已经成为大量电子垃圾的排放地。这个国家已经开始采取行动来阻止危险物质进入边境。中国政府在否认了很多年后，终于带头开始行动了。故选 B。CThe year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth.Most of it.will mis
43、s our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth. On 17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earths atmosphere with a massive explosion.About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the sea bed. Big waves are created and spread outwards from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities
