1、Working the LandUnit 5Scientific progress depends on the labor and the value of their inventions of scientists. 科学的进步，取决于科学家的劳动和他们的发明科学的进步，取决于科学家的劳动和他们的发明的价值。的价值。单元主题语境人与自我Establishing a human colony on the Moon has been the stuff of dreams since the dawn of the space age.But how can humans survive
2、for months or years in the ultra-hostile(极极端恶劣的端恶劣的) environment of space？What，for instance，will they eat?Agricultural researchers at a Dutch university say they are taking the first steps towards providing an answer.话题导入话题导入They are growing vegetables in soils similar to those found on the Moon1，lo
3、oking for ways of helping space pioneers grow their own crops.“When people go to the Moon they also have to eat，and its easiest for them to grow their own food，” said Wieger Wamelink，surrounded by several dozen plants in a special greenhouse at Wageningen，an agricultural university in central Nether
4、lands.“We wanted to use real lunar soil to see if plants would actually grow in it，” Wamelink told reporters.Of course，getting real lunar potting soil is an impossible task.But an Internet search revealed an unlikely supplier: NASA，which makes ground similar to that on the Moon from sand found in an
5、 Arizona desert.“To work in this soil was very special.Nobody，not even NASA，could tell us what would happen2，even just by simply adding water，” he said.The imitation ground at first was a little “reluctant”(勉强的勉强的) to absorb water，but soon turned out to be good potting soil.“The plants were growing
6、very fast and very good.They even started to flower，something that we never anticipated(预料，预见预料，预见)，” Wamelink said.1.The university is known for its language and culture courses intended for international students.(2018北京，书面表达北京，书面表达)2.Firstly，this is precisely what the British visitors are expecti
7、ng.(2019江苏，书面表达江苏，书面表达)靓句运用于写作内容索引内容索引Period OneReading and ThinkingComprehending语篇理解 精读精练 萃取文本精华读前清障 识记单词 快速顺畅阅读匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思匹配左边的单词与右边的汉语意思第一组第一组1.devoteA.使增长；使兴旺使增长；使兴旺2.shortage B.把把献献(给给)；专心于；专心于3.crisis C.使相信；使确信；说服使相信；使确信；说服4.boost D.危机；危急关头危机；危急关头5.convince E.不足；缺少；短缺不足；缺少；短缺读 前 清 障识记单词 快速
8、顺畅阅读第二组第二组6.attain A.传统的；习惯的传统的；习惯的7.conventional B.消费；消耗；消耗量消费；消耗；消耗量8.assumption C.(通常经过努力通常经过努力)获得；得到获得；得到9.expand D.假定；设定；假定；设定；(责任的责任的)承担承担10.consumption E.扩大；增加；发展扩大；增加；发展第三组第三组11.generate A.展望；想象展望；想象12.celebrity B.现实；事实；实际情况现实；事实；实际情况13.envision C.产生；引起产生；引起14.reality D.扩大；扩建部分；电话分机扩大；扩建部分；电
9、话分机15.extension E.名人；名流；名望；名誉名人；名流；名望；名誉返 回Step 1Fast-reading1.Whats the main idea of the passage?A.Ways to increase the rice output.B.Yuan Longpings dreams.C.Yuan Longpings super hybrid rice.D.Yuan Longpingan agricultural pioneer.语 篇 理 解精读精练 萃取文本精华2.Match each paragraph with its main idea.Para.1A.Y
10、uan conducted research and developed hybrid rice.Para.2B.Yuan is old but still full of dreams that he is turning into reality.Para.3C.Yuan considers himself a farmer.Para.4D.Yuan decided to study agriculture.Para.5E.Yuans innovation has helped to feed more people.Para.6F.Yuan cares little for celebr
11、ity or money.Step 2Careful-readingChoose the best answer.1.From the first paragraph，we know that Yuan Longping .A.is a farmerB.looks like a farmerC.has a weak bodyD.is Chinas most famous scientist2.Why did Yuan Longping choose to study agriculture?A.Because his parents wanted him to do so.B.Because
12、he wanted to win awards in this field.C.Because farmers sometimes suffered from serious shortage of food at that time.D.Because he wanted to make more money by selling seeds.3.How long did it take Yuan Longping to develop his super hybrid rice?A.12 years. B.14 years.C.21 years. D.30 years.4.Which of
13、 the following can we know from the passage?A.Yuan Longping is living a life of leisure.B.Most experts on agriculture agreed on the possibility of developing a kind of hybrid rice.C.“Seawater rice” is a kind of rice that has a low output.D.Yuan Longping is not interested in becoming famous or wealth
14、y.Step 3Post-readingAfter reading the passage，please fill in the following blanks.Yuan Longping，who 1. (know) as the “father of hybrid rice”，considers himself a farmer.When he was young,2. concerned him most was farmers 3. (short) of food to eat，so he chose to study agriculture at college.After grad
15、uating in 1953，he worked as a researcher and devoted himself to 4. (create) a kind of hybrid rice，which could attain a 5. (high) yield.In 1974，he succeeded in making it 6. reality.Today,60% of domestic consumption in China is comprised of crops 7. (generate) from his hybrid strains，is knownwhatshort
16、agecreatinghighergeneratedafor which he has received numerous awards both in China and abroad.But the humorous old “farmer”，caring little 8. celebrity or money，is still living a simple life.Despite his 9. (advance) years，he is trying 10._ _(fulfill) his dreams of riding the world of hunger.foradvanc
17、edtofulfillStep 4Sentence-learning1.However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.句式分析句式分析本句中名词性从句分别作主语和表语。本句中名词性从句分别作主语和表语。what concerned him most为句子的为句子的 ，表语从句为，表语从句为 引导的那一部分。引导的那一部分。to eat是动词不定式是动词不定式表目的。表目的。 自主翻译
18、自主翻译_主语主语that 然而，他最担忧的是农民们的收成不好，有时甚至口粮严然而，他最担忧的是农民们的收成不好，有时甚至口粮严重短缺。重短缺。2.After graduating in 1953，he worked as a researcher.句式分析句式分析本句中本句中After graduating in 1953可以改写为可以改写为After he _ in 1953；从句的谓语动词；从句的谓语动词graduate与主语之间为与主语之间为 关系。关系。自主翻译自主翻译_graduated1953年大学毕业以后，他成了一名科研人员。年大学毕业以后，他成了一名科研人员。主动主动3.To
19、day，it is estimated that about 60 per cent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed Chinas farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.句式分析句式分析本句为本句为it 作作 的复合句。真正的主语是的复合句。真正的主语是 引导的从句，引导的从句，而真正的主语太长，为
20、了避免句子头重脚轻，所以用而真正的主语太长，为了避免句子头重脚轻，所以用 it。 自主翻译自主翻译_形式主语形式主语that形式主语形式主语 据估计，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约据估计，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂来自袁隆平的杂交水稻，他的杂交水稻让中国农民每年能够生产大约两亿吨大米。交水稻，他的杂交水稻让中国农民每年能够生产大约两亿吨大米。4.Given that Yuans hybrids have made him quite wealthy，one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.句式分析句式分析本句
21、中本句中Given that.为连词，相当于为连词，相当于considering，意为，意为“_”。自主翻译自主翻译_返 回考虑考虑到；鉴于到；鉴于 考虑到杂交水稻让袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退考虑到杂交水稻让袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。休享受闲适的生活。内容索引内容索引Period TwoReading and Thinking & Learning About LanguageLanguage Points互动探究 探究重点 互动撞击思维基础自测 自主学习 落实基础知识达标检测 当堂检测 基础达标演练重点单词1. n.(pl.crises)危机；危急关
22、头危机；危急关头2. vt.(通常经过努力通常经过努力)获得；得到获得；得到3. n.特征；特点；品质特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的典型的；独特的4. adj.传统的；习惯的传统的；习惯的5. vt.克服；解决；战胜克服；解决；战胜6. vt.&vi.扩大；增加扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展扩展；发展(业务业务)基 础 自 测自主学习 落实基础知识crisisattaincharacteristicconventionalovercomeexpand7. vt.估计；估价；估算估计；估价；估算 n.估计；估算估计；估算8. vt.包括；包含；由包括；包含；由组成组成9. n.名人；名流
23、；名望；名誉名人；名流；名望；名誉10. vt.展望；想象展望；想象11. n.不足；缺少；短缺不足；缺少；短缺 adj.短的短的12. vt.把把献献(给给)；把；把专用于；专心于专用于；专心于 adj.忠诚的；挚爱的；专心的忠诚的；挚爱的；专心的 n.献身；奉献；忠诚献身；奉献；忠诚estimatecomprisecelebrityenvisionshortageshortdevotedevoteddevotion13. n.假定；设定；假定；设定；(责任的责任的)承担；承担；(权利的权利的)获得获得 v.假定；认为；承担假定；认为；承担14. n.消耗；消耗量；消费消耗；消耗量；消费 v
24、.消耗；消费消耗；消费15. n.现实；实际情况；事实现实；实际情况；事实 adj.真的；真实的；现实的真的；真实的；现实的16. vt.使相信；使确信；说服使相信；使确信；说服 adj.令人信服的令人信服的assumptionassumeconsumptionconsumerealityrealconvinceconvincing17. vt.产生；引起产生；引起 n.产生；一代人产生；一代人18. n.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机扩建部分；扩大；电话分机 v.延伸；扩大；推广延伸；扩大；推广generategenerationextensionextend掌握规律巧记单词掌握规律巧记单词sho
25、rt adj.短的短的ageshortage n.短缺；缺少；不足短缺；缺少；不足例：例：shrinkage收缩；缩小收缩；缩小wreckage残骸；毁灭残骸；毁灭bandage绷带绷带assume v.假设；假定去掉假设；假定去掉eptionassumption n.假定；设定；假定；设定；(责任责任的的)承担承担例：例：consumption消耗；消费；消耗量消耗；消费；消耗量1. 把把用于；献身；致力；专心用于；献身；致力；专心2. 包括；包含；由包括；包含；由组成组成(或构成或构成)3. 在内心深处；本质上；实际上在内心深处；本质上；实际上4. 被用于被用于5. 依靠依靠6. 因为；由
26、于因为；由于7. 远非；绝不是远非；绝不是8. 在意；喜欢在意；喜欢9. 成功地做某事成功地做某事10. 凭空想出凭空想出(不同寻常的计划、主意不同寻常的计划、主意)devote.tobe comprised ofdeep downbe used fordepend onbecause offar fromcare forsucceed in doing sth. dream up核心短语1.名词性从句作主语和表语名词性从句作主语和表语However，_ was _and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.然而，他最担忧的
27、是农民们的收成不好，有时甚至口粮严重短缺。然而，他最担忧的是农民们的收成不好，有时甚至口粮严重短缺。2.现在分词作时间状语现在分词作时间状语 in 1953，he worked as a researcher.1953年大学毕业以后，他成了一名科研人员。年大学毕业以后，他成了一名科研人员。经典句式what concerned him most that farmers often had poor harvestsAfter graduating3.it作形式主语作形式主语Today, about 60 per cent of domestic rice consumption in Chin
28、a is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed Chinas farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.据估计，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约据估计，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻，他来自袁隆平的杂交水稻，他的杂交水稻让中国农民每年能够生产大约两亿吨大米。的杂交水稻让中国农民每年能够生产大约两亿吨大米。返 回it is estimated thatIndeed，his
29、 slim but strong body is just like those of millions of Chinese farmers to whom he has devoted his life.事实上，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起事实上，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。1devote vt.把把献献(给给)；把；把专用于；专心于专用于；专心于(常与介词常与介词to连用连用)互 动 探 究探究重点 互动撞击思维重点词汇devote.to把把奉献给；把奉献给；把专注于专注于devote oneself to致
30、力于；献身于致力于；献身于devoted adj.深爱的；忠诚的深爱的；忠诚的be devoted to专心于；致力于专心于；致力于devotion n.关爱；奉献关爱；奉献(1)If you have a job，do devote yourself to it and finally you will succeed.如果你有份工作，务必投身于它，最终你将会成功。如果你有份工作，务必投身于它，最终你将会成功。(2)I dont think we should devote any more time to (persuade) such a stubborn man to change h
31、is mind.我认为我们不应该再花时间来说服这么顽固的一个人改变主意。我认为我们不应该再花时间来说服这么顽固的一个人改变主意。(3)He is so to his English teaching that I admire him for his _(devote).他如此深爱他的英语教学，以至于我对他的奉献感到敬佩。他如此深爱他的英语教学，以至于我对他的奉献感到敬佩。persuadingdevoteddevotionYuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.袁隆平相信答
32、案可以在杂交水稻的培养中找到。袁隆平相信答案可以在杂交水稻的培养中找到。2convince vt.使信服；使确信；说服使信服；使确信；说服convince sb. of sth. 使某人确信使某人确信/明白某事明白某事convince sb. that.使某人相信使某人相信convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事说服某人做某事convincing adj.令人信服的令人信服的convinced adj.确信的；坚信的确信的；坚信的be convinced (that)/of.(某人某人)坚信坚信(1)What she said convinced me that I wa
33、s mistaken.她说的话让我相信我错了。她说的话让我相信我错了。(2)Weve been trying to convince him (give) up the plan.我们一直在试图说服他放弃那个计划。我们一直在试图说服他放弃那个计划。(3)His speech was so (convince) that everyone present believed what he said.他的演讲很令人信服，以至于在场的所有人都相信他所说的话。他的演讲很令人信服，以至于在场的所有人都相信他所说的话。(4)Im not completely (convince) he knew the
34、importance of practice.我不完全相信他知道实践的重要性。我不完全相信他知道实践的重要性。to giveconvincingconvincedOne characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.杂交作物的特点之一就是比传统作物高产。杂交作物的特点之一就是比传统作物高产。3attain vt.(通常经过努力通常经过努力)获得；得到获得；得到attain ones aim达到某人的目的达到某人的目的attain the opposite
35、shore到达对岸到达对岸attainable adj.可到达的；可得到的可到达的；可得到的(1)I am determined to attain my purpose at any cost.我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。(2)These trains are capable of (attain) very high speeds.这些火车能达到非常高的速度。这些火车能达到非常高的速度。(3)If the solutions are so (attain)，why havent we reached them yet？如果这些解决办法都那么可行，为什么我们还是没
36、能实现呢？如果这些解决办法都那么可行，为什么我们还是没能实现呢？attainingattainableThe common assumption then was that it could not be done.当时大家都认当时大家都认为这件事情不可能做到。为这件事情不可能做到。4assumption n.假定，假设；假定，假设；(责任的责任的)承担；承担；(权利的权利的)获得获得on the assumption that.假定假定make an assumption作出臆断作出臆断assume v.假定；设想；承担；假装假定；设想；承担；假装assume sb. /sth. (to b
37、e)adj./n.假定假定/认为某人认为某人/某事某事(为为)It is assumed that.人们认为人们认为assuming (that).假设假设(1)You must admit that your argument is based on a completely false assumption.你必须承认你的论点建立在一个完全错误的假设上。你必须承认你的论点建立在一个完全错误的假设上。(2)People tend to based on your appearance.人们往往会对你以貌取人。人们往往会对你以貌取人。(3)They assumed her (be) the b
38、est singer of their time.他们认为她是他们那个时代最好的歌唱家。他们认为她是他们那个时代最好的歌唱家。(4) that was a difficult problem impossible to overcome.人们当时认为那是一个无法克服的难题。人们当时认为那是一个无法克服的难题。make assumptions about youto beIt was assumed that一句多译一句多译(5)据我所知，很多人认为他是正确的。据我所知，很多人认为他是正确的。As far as Im concerned，a great many people he was ri
39、ght. (assume)As far as Im concerned，a great many people he was right.(assumption)assumed thatmade an assumption thatThis hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.这种杂交水稻这种杂交水稻极大地提高了农民们的粮食产量。极大地提高了农民们的粮食产量。5expand vt.& vi.使变大；伸展使变大；伸展expand.into.把把扩展扩展/发展成发展成expand into.发展成发展成/扩大成扩大成expan
40、d on/upon sth. 细说细说(阐述阐述)某事某事expansion n.扩大；扩张；扩展扩大；扩张；扩展(1)The narrow path in the village expanded into a wide road.村里的狭窄小路拓宽成了一条大道。村里的狭窄小路拓宽成了一条大道。(2)A few years later，the writer his short novel a long one.几年以后，那位作家把他的短篇小说扩展成了长篇小说。几年以后，那位作家把他的短篇小说扩展成了长篇小说。(3)He did not expand greatly his statement
41、.他未就他的声明多加解释。他未就他的声明多加解释。(4)The book is an (expand) of a series of lectures given last year.这本书是去年举行的系列讲座的扩充。这本书是去年举行的系列讲座的扩充。expandedintoon/uponexpansionToday，it is estimated that about 60 per cent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains，and h
42、is strains have allowed Chinas farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.据估计，现在中国国内消据估计，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约费的大米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻，他的杂交水稻让中国农民每年能够来自袁隆平的杂交水稻，他的杂交水稻让中国农民每年能够生产大约两亿吨大米。生产大约两亿吨大米。6estimate vt.估计，估量，估价估计，估量，估价 n.估计；估算估计；估算be estimated that.据估计据估计estimate sb. /sth. to be.估计估计为为b
43、y estimate按照估计按照估计below estimate低于估计低于估计(1)Experts estimate that the consumption of gas will increase by 10% next year.专家估计明年汽油的消耗将增加专家估计明年汽油的消耗将增加10%。(2)The cost of building that railway (estimate) at over 10 billion dollars.那条铁路的建设费用估计要超过那条铁路的建设费用估计要超过100亿美元。亿美元。(3) total investment in the country
44、 will continue to increase this year.据估计国内投资总额今年将继续增加。据估计国内投资总额今年将继续增加。(4)The cost of decorating the stadium is estimated (be) 3 million pounds.体育馆的装修花费估计要达到体育馆的装修花费估计要达到300万英镑。万英镑。is estimatedIt is estimated thatto beHis latest vision for “ “seawater rice” has also become a reality，and potentially
45、opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production.最近他的最近他的“海水稻海水稻”的愿望已经变成现实，这就的愿望已经变成现实，这就有可能把中国接近有可能把中国接近100万平方公里的盐碱地用于种植水稻。万平方公里的盐碱地用于种植水稻。7reality n.现实；事实；实际情况现实；事实；实际情况in reality实际上；事实上实际上；事实上reality of the day当前的现实当前的现实become reality成为现实成为现实(1)His plans w
46、ere transformed into reality overnight.他的计划突然变成现实。他的计划突然变成现实。(2)The child thought he was being helpful，but reality he was a nuisance.那孩子认为他在帮忙，但实际上他是个令人讨厌的家伙。那孩子认为他在帮忙，但实际上他是个令人讨厌的家伙。inHowever，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage
47、of food to eat.然而，然而，他最担忧的是农民们的收成不好，有时甚至口粮严重短缺。他最担忧的是农民们的收成不好，有时甚至口粮严重短缺。what concerned him most为句子的主语，为句子的主语，that引导表语从句。引导表语从句。句中句中what引导主语从句，引导主语从句，what可以引导名词性从句，且可以在从句中可以引导名词性从句，且可以在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语等成分。作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语等成分。that引导表语从句时，在句中不作任何成分，无实义，只起连接作用。引导表语从句时，在句中不作任何成分，无实义，只起连接作用。经典句式(1
48、)What I want to know is how he solved the shortage of funds in his company.我想知道的是他是如何解决了公司的资金短缺问题的。我想知道的是他是如何解决了公司的资金短缺问题的。(2)What surprised me most was that such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.让我非常吃惊的是一个七岁的孩子能把小提琴拉得这么好。让我非常吃惊的是一个七岁的孩子能把小提琴拉得这么好。(3) is also happening to me.正在他身上
49、发生的事情也正发生在我身上。正在他身上发生的事情也正发生在我身上。(4)What made the mother angry was .让这位妈妈生气的是她的儿子拒绝服用任何药物。让这位妈妈生气的是她的儿子拒绝服用任何药物。What is happening to himthat her son refused to take any medicine(5)This is .这就是我所感兴趣的。这就是我所感兴趣的。(6)I dont think is relevant to the topic we are discussing.我认为他所说的与我们正在讨论的话题无关。我认为他所说的与我们正在
50、讨论的话题无关。返 回what Im interested inwhat he has said.单句语法填空单句语法填空1.I found his speech (convince) and admired him for his eloquence(能言善辩能言善辩).2.My calculations were based on the (assume) that house prices would remain steady.3. (devote) to his scientific work，he has no time to care for his family affairs
