1、UNIT 1Tu Youyou is awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine mostly because she has discovered artemisinin, a crucial drug for malaria. In fact, artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria. After graduating from university, Tu Youyou worked at the China Academy of Tradi
2、tional Chinese Medicine. She committed herself to the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria. She and her scientific research team tried to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease. They evaluated 280, 000 plants and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments.
3、Tus team tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria, but this did not work. Tu Youyou would never acknowledge defeat. She insisted on analysing the medical texts again and drew a conclusion that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical p
4、roperties. By using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she discovered the effective substance-artemisinin.Scientists discover and invent new things through academic research and experiment, hoping what they have invented can stand wear and tear. Alexander Fleming was the discoverer of peni
5、cillin and he found this drug under certain circumstances. After doing many experiments and analysing the flow chart, he drew a conclusion that it was a very effective drug to kill bacteria.Novelists inspire peoples passion mostly by writing novels, using their extraordinary creative genius. There i
6、s a novel called Home,which tells the story of a young man who flees from his home because he is dissatisfied with his marriage.Samuel is a professor and inventor, and he has made numerous inventions in his life. Many of the devices he invented can stand wear and tear. He hopes to make remarkable ac
7、hievements and have more inventions and patents. Robert is a politician who has a passion for politics and he has extraordinary talent, trying to found his own theories in order to come to power. He has a firm will and never mourns for anything. He can infer what others are thinking. Now lets talk a
8、bout Albert Einstein. His greatest contributions are the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc. He earned a doctorate in physics in 1905 and gradually became famous as the new Isaac Newton. Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewi
9、sh, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. As a consequence, he had to flee Germany. He finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Einstein was not only a genius, but also a very gentle man. He had a thick moustache and long whi
10、te hair. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbours whom he encountered. Now lets write a draft to sum up Einsteins life.UNIT2I have a preference for traditional things, but reality has persuaded me to use these words and phrases to describe my daily routine in the fut
11、ure. If I forget to switch off my electrical appliances like my air conditioners and Im in a distant place, my integrated sensors in my smart home system will do it for me instead of remote controls or automatic knobs. These sensors are very efficient and send instant commands. The home system will
12、obey theorders and give constant warnings until the appliances enter the secure mode. In addition, my smart home can warn me early on whether there is something abnormal or whether I have a critical illness, like cancer, and potentially save my life. If something goes wrong with the electrical struc
13、ture or the wiring starts leaking electricity, my smart home will detect it and provide me with the relevant information. In this sense, I will take preventive measures before my home catches fire. Nevertheless,this smart technology is not a fantasy. Many of these new innovations are already availab
14、le and being used in some homes.We should take security measures to prevent crime and combine crime prevention with crime fighting.Artificial intelligence can be used to guard against potential crimes. For example, the city of Melbourne is planning to build a library, which you can find by following
15、 the signpost. Hence the design engineer advocates installing monitors and nanobots in the library, which is also the wish of the deceased librarian. No one is opposed to this suggestion because they are a necessity, not a luxury. These devices can prevent books from being stolen. Now lets talk abou
16、t our future occupations and careers. We should learn to predict or make a prediction about the future, because we cant resist the development of society. So we must keep in touch with the latest technology, and place emphasis on these new technologies, such as cloning, nanobots and satellite weathe
17、r forecast. Each of us is required to write an essay with several paragraphs to give an accurate description of our future careers.I think the prospect of rural development is very attractive. There cant be an absence of rural talents. My preference is farming. Even if I encounter resistance,I will
18、never cease to go and work in the countryside.UNIT 3A group of journalists set out for the polar area. They came to a splendid valley near the boundary, where they would camp. The north wind was buffeting the cloth of their tent. At the edge of the valley, they found a small cottage. A visible glaci
19、er from the top of the mountain flowed through the valley. The vast territory stretched as far as the eye could see. A herd of reindeer were on the move, accompanied by some local people.These reindeer live off the grass there. The local government has adopted a series of laws: illegal hunting is ba
20、nned here. All the journalists felt blessed and rewarding when they witnessed such a splendid place.Nevertheless, there was only one unpleasant thing. A woman journalist went into the bushes alone,which was prohibited. There was a warning sign which was labeled “prohibition”.Suddenly a leopard stret
21、ched and ran out of the bushes, so she felt very frightened. In addition, she had a cold and sneezed all the time, causing a lung disease. The cream she had put in the teapot turned sour, too. She turned the teapot upside down and poured out the sour cream. But for all this, she thought it was a rew
22、arding trip.I was wandering along the corridor of the amusement park. A splendid fountain ahead appealed to me. Behind it was the superb aquarium.I pedalled a cycle along the original route to visit the aquarium. I was very much amused to see some adorable fish swimming and an enormous whale on disp
23、lay. There were up to 20,000 fish there. Then I visited a pirate ship, had a swing with some children and took a ride on the roller coaster. I felt as if I was being turned upside down. In this park, there were many entertainments that aroused my appetite. I could watch fashion shows, iron workshops
24、, and a rare steam engine. At last, I experienced a polar trip there.That was an incredible theme park that appealed to everyone. After the visit,my teacher asked me to describe the park with adjectives and then to label these adjectives and put them in the left column.UNIT 4In our interactions with
25、 other people, the way we express ourselves needs to vary with the situation. Body language is important and reliable. By contrast, it is sometimes more appropriate than spoken language. A smile is always approved of in all cultures because it demonstrates politeness and can break down barriers. A f
26、ake smile is also necessary if you want to hide feelings like anger or anxiety, or when you feel ashamed or embarrassed. Of course, we can make inferences about the truth of the smile.Body language differs around the world. Different cultures may employ different gestures to express the identical fe
27、elings. In some cultures, people favour shaking hands or bowing from the waist when they meet.By comparison,elsewhere, people may kiss their friends on the cheek.You can also witness that some people interpret the gesture for OK as zero.Once, I made a trial with the twin brothers about nonverbal ges
28、tures. The twins had the identical appearance. I could give an accurate assessment of their internal world by how they posed , slumped, straightened up and bent over. The differences between these actions could reveal their real thoughts. Each one reacted to my questions and varied slightly in tone,
29、 pose and attitude about a slight incident. Finally, I would invite experts to identify what I had assessed.As an educator, I should learn to interpret my students body language and know what makes each student tick. In other words, I ought to understand what my students think through their gestures
30、. I would also like to take this opportunity to clarify some of my own views. If a student has his head lowered to look at his watch,it implies he is bored. If their eyes can barely move, staring out of the window or at the ceiling, with their chins on their hands, it reveals these students are dist
31、racted from class. I can also perceive and distinguish the reason why some students put their arms across their chests. Girls have a tendency to weep if they have feelings like anger or anxiety, or when they feel ashamed or embarrassed. This can be judged from the tone in which they react to my ques
32、tions. I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on. Ultimately, I call on my students to occupy themselves with their study, adjust their learning state and not to be bothered by the outside world. At work, if there is a conflict between their behaviour and learning, I will intervene in tim
33、e. This is merely one component of the solution.UNIT 5Known as the “father of hybrid rice”,Yuan Longping devoted his life to Chinese agriculture. There was a time when China had a serious shortage of food. To tackle this crisis, alleviate hunger and get rid of poverty, Yuan was convinced that farmer
34、s could boost the yield of rice in the same field. One characteristic of hybrids showed that they could attain a higher yield than conventional crops. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that enabled farmers to expand its output greatly. It is
35、 estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains. Deep down, Yuan was still very much a farmer. As a man of the soil, he cared little for celebrity or money. Despite his wealth, Yuan Longping didnt live a leisure life. H
36、is assumption was that he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum,with each ear of rice as big as a broom, and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut. His vision for rice growing in salty land also became a reality. Rice and wheat are the main food of Chinese people, and have almost the same nutri
37、tional value. Farmers prefer chemical fertilisers to organic fertilisers for an extension of rice output. But crops grown with chemical fertilisers lack nutrition, essential minerals and nice flavour. In this aspect, urban residents dont like them. Some people jokingly say that fertilisers and pesti
38、cides are like bombs in tunnels.Today pesticides have been in widespread use in farming industries. They can kill harmful bacteria and insects, but damage the nutritious crops as well. This, in turn, affects the animals and humans who digest them. Now some pesticides have been prohibited in most cou
39、ntries. As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farming, because organic vegetables and grain are welcomed in urban groceries. The farmers also change crops. For instance, they grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. These crops have entirely different roots and use different depths of soil. Crops grown with organic fertilisers have enough nutrition and essential minerals. The purpose of expanding production is to alleviate hunger and get rid of poverty. In this aspect,China has set an example for the world.学科网（北京）股份有限公司
