1、UNIT 5 FIRST AIDSection A Reading and ThinkingTeaching aimsIn this period, I expect you to be: a sharp reader a careful thinker an active team player a happy learner Teaching aims What words can you think of when you talk about accidents and first aid? AccidentFirst aid illnessbleedchokeBurn?sprain
2、ankle bitewound poisonelectric shock BrainstormingThe information is organized according toThe topic of the text is about:first aid for burns causes, types, characteristics and first aid treatment for burnsGeneralGeneralParticular Pattern 一般特殊模式Causes of burnsCharacteristics of burns First aidtreatm
3、entDetail 2 Detail 3 Detail 4Detail 1Types of burns Part 1 : The functions of _ Part 2 : _ of the burns Part 3 : _ of burns Part 4: _ of burns Part 5 : _for burns skinCausesTypesCharacteristicsFirst aid treatmentRetell the text Textual Pattern Analysis The skin is an essential part of your body and
4、is its largest organ. Your skin acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the suns rays. It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch. As you can imagine, getting burnt ca
5、n lead to very serious injuries. The first and important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.Detail 1Detail 2Conclusion/CommentGeneral statement1.Whats the topic of Para.1?2.What are the functions of the skin?Part.1transitional sentence?General statementDetail Causes of burns You can
6、get burnt by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids, or other chemicals.What may cause you to get burned?hot liquidssteamfirethe sunelectricitychemicalsradiationPart.2General statementDetail 2Detail 1Types of burnsBurns are divided into three types, dep
7、ending on the depth of skin damage. First-degree burns These affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. These burns are not serious. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents. Second-degree burns These go below the top layer of the skin. They are serious
8、 and take a few weeks to get better. Examples include burns caused by hot liquids. Third-degree burns These affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires. These burns cause very severe internal in
9、juries and the victim must go to hospital at once.Detail 3How many types of burns are there? And what are they?ACPart.3TypeEffectExampleFirst- degreeburnsGo below the top layer of the skin.Burns caused by electric shocks, burning clothes, or petrol fires.Affect only the top few millimetres of the sk
10、in.Second-degreeburnsThird-degreeburnsmild sunburn, burns caused by other minor household incidentsburns caused by hot liquidsAffect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue under it.First-degree burns dry, red and swollen mildly painful turn white when pressedSecond-degree burns red and sw
11、ollen blisters watery surface extremely painfulThird-degree burns black and white swollen; the tissue underneath can often be seen little or no pain if nerves are damaged; may be painful around the edges of the burn.General statementDetail 2Detail 1Characteristics of burnsDetail 3Part.41 Place burns
12、 under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling.2 Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth. 3 Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.4 Cove
13、r the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.5 If bums are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe.6 If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urg
14、ent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.General statementFirst-aid treatmentDetail 1Detail 2Detail 3Detail 4Detail 5Detail 6Part.5Retell the parts according to the mind map by groups. 1. The functions of the skinif your skin gets burned2. Causes of burns3. Types of burns4. Characteristics o
15、f burns5. First aid treatmentFirst Aid for Burns1 act as against 2 keep warm or cool3 prevent from4 give sense of touchhot liquids, steam, fire, First degree burns Second degree burnsThird degree burnsremove, cool, place, squeeze, dry, cover, keep, get General StatementDetails321Textual Pattern Anal
16、ysisGeneral-Particular patternGeneral-Particular patternConclusion/CommentPragmatic AnalysisPragmatic AnalysisWhats the writing purpose?To inform readers of first aid for burns.Readers who need first aid knowledgeWho is the passage written for?Learn to master the first-aid techniquesWhats the author
17、s attitude?Topic-related LexisTopic-RelatedTopic-Related LEXISLEXISThe fountions of skinCauses of burnsTypes of burns an essential partlargest organact as a barrierhelp controlpreventfromsense of touch1get burnta variety of thingshot liquidsradiationacids2three types of burnsdepend onthe top layerse
18、rioustake a few weeks to get bettergo to hospital at once3Characteristics of burns mildly swollenmildly painfulblistersextremely painfultissue can often be seen4First-aid treatment for burns under cool running waterdry the burnt area gentlyremove any clothescover the burnt area with a loose clean cl
19、othtake her/him to the hospital5Critical thinkingFood for Thought How are people most likely to get burnt? What steps can be taken to help prevent these burns? _ clothingRemove _ burnsCool _ clothsPlace_ burnsDry_ with a bandageCover_ to the hospital GetCreative thinking What other advice do you kno
20、w of about first aid for burns? Is it good advice or bad advice? Why?TopicFirst aid for burnsGeneral-Particular PatternTextual PatternPragmatic AnalysisTopic-Related LexisMy harvest语法填空语法填空 （根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文）The skin，which acts as a barrier against disease，toxins and the suns 1（ray），is an essential p
21、art of your body and is its largest organ. So if your skin gets 2（burn），it can be very serious. The cause of burns can be a 3 （vary） of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity，acids and so on.Depending on the 4（deep） of skin damage, they are called first, second or third-degree b
22、urns. First-degree burns affect only the top few millimetres of skin and it turns white 5_pressed. Second-degree burns go below the top layer of the skin，6 （include） burns caused by hot liquids. Third-degree burns affect every layer of the skin，and sometimes the tissue 7 it，which causes little or no
23、 pain if nerves 8 （damage）.We should do some first aid if burns happen. If the burns are slight，place burns under cool running water，which can stop the burning process and reduce the pain and swelling. If the burns are severe，remove any clothes using scissors unless it is stuck 9the burn. If the vic
24、tim is suffering badly，there is an urgent need 10（take） him/her to the hospital at once.raysburntvarietydepthwhen/ifincludingunder/underneathtoare damaged to takeConsolidation1.Your skin acts as a barrier against disease, toxins, and the suns rays.你的皮肤作为一个屏障来抵御疾病，毒素和太阳的光线。2.As you can imagine, getti
25、ng burnt can lead to very serious injuries.正如你想象的那样，烧伤可以导致很严重的受伤。3.Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage.烧伤被分为三类，取决于皮肤受伤的深度。4.These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must go to the hospital at once.这些烧伤可以导致很严重的内部伤害所以受害者必须立即去医院。Translation5.R
26、emove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 若果有必要的话，用剪刀除去粘在伤口上的任何衣服。6.If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.若果受害者正在遭受二度和三度烧伤，急需立即把患者送往医院。Translation1.烧伤的急救
27、_2.必不可少的部分_3.作为抵御的屏障_ 4.需数周痊愈5.防止做 _6. 被分成7.触觉 _8.烧伤的治疗 _9.各种各样的东西_10.轻度晒伤 _Phrases1. first aid for burns2. an essential part3. act as a barrier4. take a few weeks to get better5. prevent from doing6. be divided into7. a sense of touch8. the treatment of burns9. a variety of things10.mild sunburn11.
28、需数星期才能痊愈 _12.烧伤的特性_ 13.微肿/痛_ 14.清凉的自来水_ 15.阻止烧伤的进程_16. 粘贴 17.引起感染 _18.把患者送到医院 _19. 对的急救治疗_ 20.把覆到_Phrases11. take a few weeks to get better12. characteristics of burns13.mildly swollen/ painful14.cool running water15.stop the burning process16.stick to17.cause infection18.take him/her to the hospita
29、l19.first-aid treatment20.applyto 阅读理解阅读理解 （根据课文内容选择正确答案）1. How to judge first，second，or third-degree burns according to the text? A. See whether the burns are dry，red or mildly swollen. B. Depend on whether the burns are red or swollen. C. Depend on which layers of the skin are burned. D. Depend on
30、 whether the tissue under the burns can be seen.2. Which of the following is NOT the reason for cooling burns? A. Stopping the burning process. B. Reducing the pain. C. Reducing the swelling. D. Preventing breaking any blisters.附：课文预习自测附：课文预习自测3. If someone gets burned and his hands get black and white，it belongs to . A. the first degree B. the second degree C. the third degree D. none of the above4. Whats the main idea of the text? A. The burns and the first aid treatment. B. How to carry out the first aid for burns. C. The function of the skin. D. The characteristics of burns.THE END
