1、UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LANDSection A Reading and Thinking教材原句 p.38 Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way，they decided to y to Vancouver. 她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华题组练领悟方法核心词汇1 rather than 而不是；与其，不愿（用于连接两个并列成分） These outdoor clothes are comfortable rather than pretty. 这些户外服装舒服，但并不漂亮
2、。 Mammals multiply by giving birth to babies rather than laying eggs. 哺乳动物的繁殖是通过产崽而非产卵。 He decided to rely on himself rather than seek help from his friends.他决定靠自己而不向朋友求助。【误区警示误区警示】（1）rather than 连接两个不定式时，第二个不定式的 to 可以省略。但是 rather than 位于句首 时，跟不带 to 的不定式。（2）rather than 连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与 rather tha
3、n 前面的成分在人称和 数上保持一致。 You rather than I are going camping. 要去野营的是你，而不是我。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】宁愿做而不（愿）做would do.rather than do./would rather do.than do./prefer to do.rather than do.He would take a chance rather than sit there doing nothing.=He would rather take a chance than sit there doing nothing.=He prefers t
4、o take a chance rather than sit there doing nothing.他宁愿冒险而不愿无所事事地坐在那里。单句语法填空单句语法填空(1) What we expect from you is working hard rather than hardly （work）.(2) We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than （divide）us.(3) Rather than （stay）here，I prefer to leave.(4) I think
5、it is the manager，rather than the workers，that （be）to blame.(5) I would rather （starve）than（beg）in the street. =I prefer （starve）rather than （beg）in the street.workingdividerather than 连 接 working hard 和 hardly working 两个相反的概念。句意：当我们学会求同存异，而非对立分歧时，我们会收获颇多。rather than 连接两个并列成分 unite 和 divide。stay此处为
6、prefer to do.rather than do. 的变式。is句意：我认为是经理而非雇员应该承担责任。句中包含强调句式 it is.that.。starve begto starve beg教材原句p.38.the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise.两个女孩早早起床，登上开往路易斯湖的火车2 arise vi. 起身；出现；由引起（arose，arisen）搭配搭配：arise from 由引起；因产生The outstanding astronomer is used to arising early.那位杰
7、出的天文学家习惯早起。 We will keep you informed if any new proof arises.如有新证据出现，我们会随时通知你们。 His disease arose from a virus infection.他的病是由病毒感染引起的。 【词语辨析词语辨析】arise，rise 与与 raise 单词单词 词义词义 过去式过去式 / 分词分词 例句例句 arise 不及物动词；起身； arose；arisen A new crisis has arisen. 出现；由引起新的危机已经出现。 rise 不及物动词；上升， rose；risen Smoke ros
8、e from the chimney. 升起，增长 烟从烟囱中冉冉升起。 raise 及物动词；提高；举 raised；raised She raised her head and stared at them. 起；提出；筹集；饲养 她抬起头盯着他们看。 单句语法填空单句语法填空(1) He realised that most of his mistakes arosehis nervousness in the exam.完成句子完成句子(2) 这次火灾是由责任心的缺失造成的。The fire the loss of responsibility.选词填空（选词填空（arise/rise
9、/raise）(3)Ive never heard him even his voice.(4)The meeting will discuss the matters from the recent changes in the law.(5)The sun in the east and sets in the west.(6) More TV programmes will be produced to peoples concern over food safety.(7) Dont worry. We are well prepared to deal with all the ou
10、tcomes that may_.fromarose fromraisearising risesraisearise教材原句p.38 .they took a taxi to Lake Louise，where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty. 她们乘坐出租车前往路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水美丽异常，摄人心魄。3 breath n. 呼吸的空气take sb.s breath away 令人惊叹hold ones breath 屏住呼吸out of breath 喘不上气tak
11、e a deep breath 深呼吸 I took a deep breath and started climbing the mountain. I was out of breath when I arrived at the top of the mountain. But it was worthwhile because the scenery took my breath away. I mean，the scenery was really breathtaking. 我深呼吸，然后开始爬山。当我到达山顶的时候我已经喘不上气了。但这一切都值得，因为风景令人惊叹。我的意思是，风
12、景真是令人叹为观止。【词语积累词语积累】breathe v. 呼吸 breathtaking adj. 令人惊叹的 The air was so cold that we could hardly breathe.空气非常寒冷，我们难以呼吸。搭配搭配选词填空（选词填空（hold our breath/take our breath away/out of breath/take a deep breath）(1) He went after running for half an hour.(2) We when Mr Evans read the exam outcomes.(3) As t
13、he music began，I and tried to calm down.(4) My first sight at the sky through a telescope .单句语法填空单句语法填空(5) I like arising very early in summer. The morning air is so good （breathe）.out of breathheld our breathtook a deep breathtook my breath awayto breathe教材原句p.38 They spent the night，and then took
14、a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper. 住了一夜之后，她们乘坐长途汽车，向北穿过加拿大落基山脉，直达贾斯珀。bound adj. 准备前往（某地）；一定会bound for 准备前往 be bound to 一定会；有义务 / 有责任She was on a plane bound for Rome when she got sick. 她犯病时正在前往罗马的飞机上。 These two young musicians are bound for international success.这两位年轻的音乐家一定会
15、蜚声国际。Wars are bound to cast a shadow on people all over the world.战争必定会在世界人民的心上留下阴影。We are bound to cut back on spending. 我们必须削减开支。搭配搭配单句语法填空单句语法填空(1) Youve done so much work；youre bound（pass） the exam.(2) Wed better take a plane bound China.完成句子完成句子(3) His speech （一定会） motivate a lot of young peopl
16、e.(4)The plane （前往）the earthquake-stricken area carried food and medical supplies.to passforis bound tobound for教材原句p.38. the centre of Canada s huge oil and gas drilling industry . 加拿大巨大的石油和天然气钻探工业的中心。5 drill v. & n.（1）vi. & vt. 钻（孔）；打（眼）搭配搭配：drill for oil / water / gas 钻井探油 / 水 / 气The workman is d
17、rilling in the wall. 工人正在墙上打孔。We had to drill down 200 feet to find water.我们只好往地下钻两百英尺找水。（2）n. 钻（头）；训练；演习 搭配搭配 an electric drill 电钻 a fire drill 消防演习Jack used a drill to make a hole in the wall.杰克用钻头在墙上钻孔。You should finish your English grammar drills in the class.你应该在课堂上完成英语语法训练。There will be a fire
18、 drill this morning. 今天上午有消防演习。阅读下列句子，写出阅读下列句子，写出 drill 在句中的含义在句中的含义(1)To do drills is important in language learning. _(2) The government has announced plans to drill for water in the desert. _(3) When the fire drill starts，students will evacuate the building. _完成句子完成句子(4) The teacher told us to pu
19、t aside our books and get ready for （每周的练习）.(5) （一场消防演习） interrupted the lesson.训练钻（孔）演习the weekly drillA fire drill教材原句p.38 Edmonton is freezing cold in winter，with daily temperatures averaging -10 . 埃德蒙顿冬季十分寒冷，日平均气温为零下10 摄氏度。6 freezing adj. 极冷的；冰冻的 n. 冰点 freezing point 冰点 freezing cold 严寒；相当冷 a fr
20、eezing winter 寒冷的冬季 above/below freezing 冰点以上 / 以下The little boy refused to participate in the morning exercise because of the freezing weather. 因为天气寒冷，那个小男孩拒绝上早操。 Its very cold today；the temperature has dropped to freezing point.今天很冷，温度降到了冰点。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】（1）nearly freeze to death 差点冻死 freeze wages 冻结工
21、资 freeze with horror 吓呆了 freeze up（突然）呆住 sb.s blood freezes 某人血液凝固（2）frozen adj. 冷冻的；冻僵的 be frozen with fear 被吓呆了【学法点拨学法点拨】freezing cold 极冷burning hot 炎热pretty ill 病得厉害freezing，burning，pretty 用作副词，意为“非常，颇”。用用 freeze 的适当形式填空的适当形式填空(1) It is a well-known fact that water at 0 .(2) Its cold outside，so y
22、oud better put on more clothes.(3)The snake was on the road.(4) The water at the edge of the lakelast night.完成句子完成句子(5) It was very cold last year；the temperature_ （时不时地降到冰点）.(6) （气温才仅仅到冰点以下） when we left.freezesfreezingfrozenfrozedropped to the freezing point from time to timeIt was merely below fr
23、eezing教材原句p.39 However，they did not anticipate seeing such an open country，and were truly amazed. 但两人还是未曾料想能看到如此辽阔的国度，真是惊叹不已。但两人还是未曾料想能看到如此辽阔的国度，真是惊叹不已。7 anticipate v. 预料；预见；期望It is anticipated that. 据预测 anticipate doing sth. 预计做某事；期待做某事We anticipate that we will meet tremendous difficulties.我们预料我们会
24、遇到巨大的困难。 It is anticipated that house prices will decrease. 据预测，住房价格将降低。 I anticipate reading the book with dramatic interest. 我以极大的兴趣期待着读这本书。 【词语积累词语积累】anticipation n. 预期；预料；期盼；期望He bought extra food in anticipation of more people coming than hed invited. 他预料来的客人会比邀请的多，就多买了食物。搭配搭配单句语法填空单句语法填空(1)Wha
25、t is your （anticipate） salary?(2) I didnt anticipate （have） to do the cooking myself.(3) In （anticipate） of bad weather they take plenty of warm clothes.(4) At this stage we cant really anticipatewill happen.完成句子完成句子(5) （据预测） next year interest rates will decrease.anticipatedhavinganticipationwhatIt
26、 is anticipated that教材原句p.39.one of the four Great Lakes on Ontarios southern border. 安大略省南部边境的四大湖之一。8 border n. 边界；国界；边界（地区）v. 与接壤，与毗邻on the border 在边界上the border between the US and Mexico 美国和墨西哥之间的边界Denmarks border with Germany 丹麦和德国的国界线escape across the border 逃过边境a border town 边境城镇the countries
27、bordering the Baltic 波罗的海沿岸国家完成句子完成句子(1) The harbour lies （位于的边界）between the US and Mexico.(2) Customs officers inspected our baggage when we （穿越边境）.on the bordercrossed the border 重点句式重点句式教材原句 p.38 During their first day，as is typical of Vancouver，it rained. 第一天，温哥华一如往常细雨蒙蒙。【句式分析句式分析】在本句中，as is typ
28、ical of Vancouver 是 as 引导的定语从句，as 代指整个主句，as 在从句中作主语。1 as 引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句，代指整个主句的内容。从句可放在主句前、主句后或主句中间。As we have anticipated，it is freezing at the top of the mountain. 和我们预料的一样，山顶很冷。His opinion often conflicts with his parents，as is often the case with teenagers. 他的观点往往和父母的有冲突，这种情况在青少年
29、中很常见。 【归纳拓展归纳拓展】as 引导非限制性定语从句常用的固定表达：as we all know 众所周知as is well known 众所周知as you see 如你所见as can be seen 正如所见as we expect 正如我们预料的那样as is/was expected 正如预料的那样as I can remember 正如我所记得的as has been said before 如前所述as is often the case 情况常常是这样单句语法填空单句语法填空(1) The output has doubled, was expected.(2)As （
30、mention） above，peanuts are fit to grow in sand fields.(3) It is a truly delightful place, looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.完成句子完成句子(4) The number of smokers, （正如报道的那样）, has decreased by 17 percent in just one year.(5) There is no simple a
31、nswer， （情况常常如此） in science.(6) （如上所述），he has overcome the difficulty.(7) （小孩子往往如此），Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.asis mentionedwhichas is reportedas is often the caseAs is said aboveAs is often the case with children教材原句 p.38 The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the tr
32、ain to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies . 第二天早上，两个女孩早早起床，坐火车去路易斯湖，途经加拿大落基山脉。【句式分析句式分析】句中的 “passing through the Canadian Rockies”是现在分词短语在句中作状语。2 现在分词短语作状语现在分词短语作状语现在分词短语作状语表示句子的主语和动词之间为主动关系，通常表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果或伴随情况等。Having persuaded him to change his mind，I went on a journey with him.
33、 说服他改变主意后，我跟他一块儿去旅行了。（时间状语）Being ill，she didnt go to school as usual today. 因为生病，她今天没像往常一样去上学。（原因状语）Turning right，you will find the place you want.往右转弯，你就会找到你要找的地方了。（条件状语）Knowing all this，they made me pay for the damages.尽管知道了这一切，他们还是让我赔偿损失。（让步状语）The mother died，leaving a lot of money for her childr
34、en.那位母亲去世了，给她的孩子们留下了一大笔钱。（结果状语）The couple often take their children abroad for holiday，exposing them to different cultures. 这对夫妻常常带孩子到国外度假，让孩子接触不同的文化。（伴随状语）同义句转换同义句转换(1)When they heard the news，they immediately set off for Shanghai. ，they immediately set off for Shanghai.(2)European football is play
35、ed in 80 countries；as a result，it becomes the most popular sport in the world. European football is played in 80 countries, the most popular sport in the world.单句语法填空单句语法填空(3)Where is David? He is upstairs （get） ready to go out.(4) The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People pro
36、bably cooked their food in large pots， （use） twigs to remove it.(5) The headteacher had a class meeting，（motivate） the students to be the best of themselves. Hearing the newsmaking itgettingmotivatingusing教材原句p.39 It was not until 9：30 a. m. that they finally reached the capital of Ontario，Toronto.
37、上午九点半，她们终于抵达安大略的省会多伦多。【句式分析句式分析】It was not until 9：30 a. m. that. 是一个强调句型。被强调的部分是时间状语 until 9:30 a. m.。3 强调句型强调句型结构：It is/was+ 被强调部分 +that/who+ 其他部分 . It was the assumption that life might exist in other planets that excited the scientist. 让科学家激动是其他行星可能存在生命的假设。（强调主语） It is American movies that he li
38、kes to watch. 他喜欢看的是美国电影。（强调宾语）It was on the exhibition that a lot of antiques were displayed.展览会上展出了许多古董。（强调地点状语） It was in 1998 that he joined the League. 他是在 1998 年入团的。（强调时间状语）It was because of the photos that she recalled her childhood.因为这些照片，她回忆起了她的童年。（强调原因状语） It was not until he graduated that
39、 I knew his ambition.直到他毕业我才知道他的志向。（强调时间状语） 【学法点拨学法点拨】（1）强调句通常强调主语、宾语、状语，可以强调单个词、短语或从句。 it 本身没有词义。（2）被强调部分指人，可用 that 或 who，除此之外都用 that。（3）强调“not.until.”结构中由 until 引导的短语或从句时，其结构为 “It is/was not until.that+ 其他部分.”。（4）在强调结构中，如果把 It is/was 和 that/who 去掉，句子成分依然完整， 有时需要调整一下语序。（5）若被强调部分为主语，that 或 who 之后动词的
40、人称和数与被强调的 名词或代词一致。单句语法填空单句语法填空(1) is imagination that makes the world colourful.(2) Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work has made him what he is today.(3) It was not until I came here I realised this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.(4
41、) It is I who （be） to blame for the accident.强调下列句子中的画线部分强调下列句子中的画线部分(5)Tom lost his watch in the garden. _It thatthatamIt was in the garden that Tom lost his watch.(6) Mr Smith got angry because Jack came late for school. _完成句子完成句子(7) Bach died in 1750，butthe early 19th century （直到才） his musical gift was fully recognised.(8) （是文化而不是语言） made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. It was because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry. it was not until that It was the culture rather than the language thatTHE END
