1、V + A + as(to be) B 变 A be done as(to be) B把当作 /看作/视为 look onas be looked on as treat.as be treated as regardas be regarded as refer toas be referred as think ofas be thought of as seeas be seen as consider（as） be considered as acknowledgeas be acknowledge as把描述为 describeas be described as作为/被列为 be
2、included as1. relateto 把与联系起来；向叙述/讲述 be related to 与有密切关系 relate to 涉及，与相关，谈到 【 related to和connected to 常在句子中做后置定语】2. refer to 参考，查阅，提到，谈到，涉及，关于 refer toas 把称为 【注意其被动be referred to as】 referto 把与联系在一起3. a case in point 恰当的例子 come/get to the point 谈正题 to the point 简明恰当，简介中肯 on the point of doing sth.
3、 正要做某事4. prior to (doing) sth 在之前的 prior to ones arrival 在某人到达之前5. consist of . 由组成(或构成) 【不用于被动和进行时】 =be made up of/be composed of consist in.=lie in. 存在于 consist with. 相符，与一致 【consisting of/made up of/composed of 常用作后置定语】6. pepper n.甜椒;灯笼椒;胡椒粉 hot red pepper 红辣椒 pepper. with. 大量加入.7. bold a.大胆自信的;敢
4、于冒险的 n.黑体字 make/be so bold (as to do sth.) 不揣冒昧，恕我无礼，擅自，胆敢 boldly adv.大胆地； 敢于冒险地 boldness n. 大胆，冒失，勇敢; 魄力8. chef n. 厨师;主厨 (pl. chefs ) cook n. 厨师 cooker n. 厨灶;炉具 kitchen n. 厨房9. stuff vt.填满;把塞进 n. 东西;物品 stuff with 用填满/装满/塞满 stuff in/into. 把塞进 stuff sb/oneself with 让吃饱;狼吞虎咽地吃 be stuffed with.= be fil
5、led with. be full of.10. slice n. (切下的食物)薄片 vt. 把切成薄片 a slice of 一片 eg. a slice of bread 一片面包 sliceup 把切成薄片 slice.off 切下 slice through 割穿，割破11. elegant a. 精美的;讲究的;文雅的 elegantly adv. 优美地;雅致地;高雅地 dress elegantly 穿着雅致 elegance n. 高雅; 优雅12. exceptional a. 特别的;罕见的 exceptional bravery 非凡的勇气 exceptionally
6、adv. 极其，非常 exception n. 例外，异议 except prep.除了之外13. minimum n. 最小值;最少量 adj. 最低(限度)的;最小的 at a/the minimum 至少 a minimum of. 至少. maximum n. 最大值;最大量 adj. 最高的; 极大的 a minimum charge/price/standard 最低收费/价格/标准 to the maximum 最大限度地 maximum effect 最佳效果14. consume vt.吃;喝;饮;消耗 be consumed with sth. (某种情绪或念头)充满(内心
7、) consume lots of effort, time and money consumer n. 消费者 consumption n. 消耗量;消费15. temper n. 脾气;火气 a violent/short/quick temper 烈性子/急性子/火性子 have a hot temper 脾气躁 be out of temper 在发火 lose ones temper (with sb) (对某人)发脾气 keep ones temper (with sb) (对某人)忍住怒火 fly into a temper 勃然大怒 in a bad temper 心情不好16
8、. bacon n.熏猪肉;咸肉 bring home the bacon 成功; 挣到养家糊口的钱17. brand n. 品牌 (pl. brands) brand new= brand-new: 全新的，崭新的 name brand 名牌 trade brand 商标 new brand 新品牌18. dough n. 生面团 roll in dough 有钱; 富裕19. contribute to 为做出贡献, 向捐款, 促成, 造成, 有助于, 导致 “导致，引起”其他表达： cause, lead to, bring about, result in20. stable a. 稳
9、定的;稳重的 in a stable condition 情况稳定 unstable a. 不稳定的 stably adv. 稳定地; 坚固地; 坚定地; 有恒心地 stablity n. 医稳定性，安定性;21. set off for 出发，动身前往 set off 出发，动身，爆炸 set aside 把放在一边 set about doing sth.=set out to do sth. 着手做某事 set down 写下，记下，让下车 set out 动身，启程（+for+地点）22. together with 连同，和一起 A together with B (前后成分对等)t
10、ogether with 连接两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词的数应该与together with前面的词单复数保持一致，类似的还有：besides, except, with, along with, as well as, rather than（而不是）23. association n. 协会;关联 in association with 与联合/相联系 have (no) association with 与（没）有联系 associate v. 联想; 联系; 交往 associate.with. 把.和.联系在起来 associate with sb. 与某人交往,（尤其指）与某
11、人混在一起 be associated with. 和联系在一起; 与有关 1224. as to 至于，关于 “至于，关于”的其他表达 as for/to ; as regards ; in respect of ; with regard to ; with respect to25. regardless adv. 不顾;不加理会; 不顾后果地; 不管怎样 carry on with our work regardless26. regardless of. 不管;不顾 = in spite of = despite27. argue over 辩论某事，就争论 argue with s
12、b. over sth. 就某事和某人争辩 argue for 支持 argue against 反对 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做某事/不做某事 argue that从句 主张，认为，争辩道，28. limitto 把限制在内 be limited to 局限于 without limits 无限制地-within limits 适度地，有限度地 to the limit 达到极限 go beyond/over the limit 超过限度 put a limit on= set a limit on 限制29. cut down on 减少
13、cut in 插嘴，删去 cut out 裁剪，删去 cut up 切碎，剁碎 cut off 切掉，中断，隔离 cut through 抄近路穿过30. rather than 而不是（用于连接两个并列成分，否定后者） perfer to dorather than do= would dorather than do. = would rather do than do =would like to dorather than do 1431. quantity n.数量;数额 a quantity of 大量的 = quantities of a small quantity of 少量
14、的 buy sth. in quantity 大批量购买某物 注意： a good/great/large/huge quantity of +U/C +(谓语单数) good/great/large/huge quantities of +U/C + (谓语复数） 同上面用法的还有amount： a large amount of+不可数名词+单数谓语 large amounts of+不可数名词+复数谓语 即，quantity和amount构成的此类词组修饰句子主语时，句子谓语动词单复数与quantity和amount的单复数形式一致。32. moderation n 适度;合理 in m
15、oderation 适量地; 适度地 moderate adj. 有节制的; 稳健的，温和的; 适度的 moderate weather 温和的天气 moderately adv. 适度地; 普通地; 温和度; 不过度地33. ideal adj. 完美的;理想的 n. 理想; 完美的人(或事物) be ideal for. 对.很合适34. fundamental adj.根本/基础/基本的 n. 基本规律;根本法则 be fundamental to . 对.是基本的 fundamentally adv. 基础地; 根本地; 从根本上;1535. chew v. 咀嚼，嚼 chew gum
16、 嚼口香糖 chewing gum 口香糖 chew up 损害，伤害，嚼碎 chew sth. over 深思熟虑，仔细考虑，详细讨论36. consistent adj. 一致的;连续的 be consistent with 与一致/相符 be consistent in 在方面一致 consistent friends 始终如一的朋友 consistent policies/standards 一贯的政策/标准 consistently adv. 一贯地，一致地，坚持地，固守地 consist v. 组成，一致37. modest adj. 些许的;谦虚的;朴素的 be modest about.对.谦虚 modestly adv. 谦虚地; 谨慎地; 切勿浪费 modesty n. 谦虚38. trick n. 诀窍;计谋;把戏 play tricks/a trick on. =play a joke/jokes on 对. 恶作剧/开玩笑;捉弄. trick sb into (doing) sth. 骗某人做 trick sb. out of sth. 骗取某人某物 tricky adj. 狡猾的
