1、2014年招收硕士学位研究生入学考试试题 （B卷）*学科、专业名称：外国语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：各研究方向考试科目名称：外国语言文学综合考试 考试科目代码：808考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题册上一律不给分。 . Multiple choices. There are 20 questions in this part. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguisti
2、cs candidates must do this part.（20%）1. _ has earned the name of “The Land of Song”.A. England B. Wales C. Scotland D. Ireland2. The largest city in New Zealand is _. A. Christchurch B.Dunedin C. Auckland D. Wellington3. In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendati
3、on of _. A. the Lord Chancellor B. the Monarch C. the King D. the Prime Minister4. Established churches in Britain are _. A. Church of England and Church in Wales B. Church of England and Church of Scotland C. The Anglican Churches D. Church in Wales and Church of Scotland5. The _ of Britain are mai
4、nly highlands, and the _ are mainly lowlands. A. north and west, east and south B. north and east, south and west C. south and west, north and west D. east and west, north and south6. The Hundred Years War is the intermittent conflicts between_ and _ that lasted from 1337 to 1453. A. England, Irelan
5、d B. England, Rome C. France, England D. England, Scotland7. Tasmania is an island, which lies _ of the Australian mainland. A. north of the northeastern corner B. south of the southeastern corner C. east of the northeastern corner D. west of the southeastern corner8. The U.S. is called a “melting p
6、ot” because_. A. its steel industry is highly developed B. it has great influence on the world C. people from different races live there together D. it is an important economic center of the world9. Quebecs legal system is based on _. A. French civil law B. French criminal law C. Canadian law D. Bri
7、tish common law10. The largest of the ethnic minorities in America is _. A. the Mexico-Americans B. the Asian-Americans C. the blacks D. the Cuban-Americans11. Hollywood, the center of American movie industry, is closest to which city? A. Chicago B. New York C. Denver D. Los Angeles12. The seats in
8、the Senate are allocated to different states_. A. according to their size B. equally C. according to their population D. according to their tax paid to federal government13. American and British English are two of the English language _. A. elements B. parts C. varieties D. forms14. Which of the fol
9、lowing is an American newspaper? A. The International Herald Tribune B. The Guardian C. The Daily Telegraph D. Newsweek15. Canada consists of _ provinces and _ territories. A. 8; 3 B. 10; 3 C. 8; 2 D. 10; 216. The English Civil War, also called the Puritan Revolution, is generally regarded as the be
10、ginning of _ modern history. A. European B. Welsh C. World D. Scottish17. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except_. A. William Pen B. George Washington C. Benjamin Franklin D. Thomas Jefferson18. The basic structure of Australia government is based on _. A. the Britis
11、h model B. the American model C. both the British and the American models D. neither the British nor the American models19. Which of the following sports was not invented in Britain? A. Football B. Tennis C. Cricket D. Archery20. The arrival of _ in AD 432 was the most important event in Irish histo
12、ry. A. Eamon de Valera B. St. Patrick C. Palladius D. E. Childers. Fill in the blanks with proper words. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part.（20%）1. _ means that human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, event
13、s and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication.2. Assimilation is a phonological term, often used synonymously with coarticulation, which is more of a _ term.3. Language is produced as a continuous stretch of speech or writing, but one can still find pauses a
14、nd blanks every now and then. Thus, word may be seen as a set of sound _ or writing letters between two pauses and blanks.4. Free _ is an element of meaning which takes the form of an independent word. They may occur alone, that is, they make up words by themselves.5. Syntactic relations can be anal
15、yzed into three kinds, namely, positional relations, relations of substitutability, and relations of _.6. Terms like “peach”, “banana”, “apple” and “orange” are _ of the term “fruit”.7. _ is the process of classifying our experiences into different categories based on commonalities and differences.8
16、. Speakers meaning differs from the kinds of meaning we studied in semantics in that its interpretation depends more on who the speaker of the sentence is, who the hearer is, when and where it is used. In a word, it depends more on the _.9. The first meaning for a word that a dictionary definition g
17、ives is usually its _ meaning.10. _ is the term used in linguistics to describe the relationship between a particular style of language and its context of use.11. _ is a dominant form of the Medieval English literature.12. John Donnes famous analogy of parting lovers to a drawing compass provides a
18、prime example of _.13. _, the first of great English tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeares most popular play on the stage. 14. _ tells how Satan rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve were driven out of Eden.15. The novel Ulysses written by James Joyce is well-known for its modernist t
19、echnique of _. 16. _ was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation in the American literary history. 17. Early in the 1920s, the most prominent of the new American playwrights, whose name is _, established an international reputation.18. Robert Frost poetry focused on the la
20、ndscape and people in _.19. _ wrote about the disintegration of the old social system in the American southern states, and the lives of modern people, both black and white.20. The American writers of the 1950s often used the psychological insights taken from the writings of Sigmund _ and his followe
21、rs. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET according to requirements. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part (10%). Section A: Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False. If it is true, write T on the ANSWER SHEET. If it is false, write F on the
22、 ANSWER SHEET.1. The difference between a pidgin and a creole is that the latter has native speakers.2. Trainer and trainee are complementary antonyms.3. Acoustic phonetics studies the physical properties of speech sounds.4. If a waiter in a restaurant says, “The spaghetti left without paying”, he i
23、s using a metaphor.5. There are more words in the language of the Eskimos than in English for describing snow, therefore the Eskimos are better able to perceive snow than English-speaking people. That is the idea of linguistic determinism.Section B: Identify the author and indicate the genre of each
24、 of the following works.6. Song of My Self7. Hard Times8. Pygmalion9. An American Tragedy10. A Modest ProposalIV. Choose SIX of the following terms and explain them briefly. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%) 1. Neoclassicism2. Gothic Novel3. Flashback4. Transcendentalism5. Metaphysical P
25、oets6. Renaissance7. Compositionality8. Logical Connective9. Phatic Communion10. Linguistic Sexism11. Entailment12. PresuppositionV. Answer the following questions. According to different majors, choose the ones you must do. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40%)Section A：for linguistics cand
26、idates only1. What are the differences between competence and performance? 2. Disambiguate the following sentences and explain how the ambiguity arises.(1) Flying planes can be dangerous.(2) The boy put the straw in his mouth.(3) I saw her duck under the table.(4) Old men are women were given priori
27、ty to get on the lifeboats.3. Explain the locutionary act, the illocutionary act and the perlocutionary act of the following statement:There is a snake in the grass.4. What are the three types of antonymy? Give two examples for each. Section B：for literature candidates only1. Percy Bysshe Shelly is
28、famous for his Ode to the West Wind. Please summarize the main idea of the poem.2. What are the major features of Romantic Movement in Britain between 1790 and 1830?3. Based on Hawthornes works The Scarlet Letter, discuss the characters of his writings.4. What is the theme of The Great Gatsby?VI. Ch
29、oose one of the followings and write your response to it. According to different majors, choose the one you must do. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%) 1. According to Paul Grices theory of conversational implicature, how many types of implicature are there and, how are they generated and
30、understood? (for linguistics candidates only) 2. Analyze the following poem as to its theme, poetic form, and rhetorical devices, and develop it into an essay of 200 words. （for literature candidates only）Crossing the BarAlfred Lord TennysonSunset and evening star And one clear call for me! And may
31、there be no moaning of the bar, When I put out to sea, But such a tide as moving seems asleep, Too full for sound and foam, When that which drew from out the boundless deep Turns again home. Twilight and evening bell, And after that the dark! And may there be no sadness of farewell, When I embark;For though from out our borne of Time and Place The flood may bear me far, I hope to see my Pilot face to face When I have crossed the bar.考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 9 页 第9 页
