1、Sport and Sport and Its DevelopmentsIts DevelopmentsUnit 3 Unit 3 Warm-up Listening and Speaking Viewing and SpeakingCONTENTS Project1Warm-upWork in pairs to create a news story. Then report the news to the class. You may use both your knowledge of the topic and your imagination to enrich your news
2、story. Some questions have been given for your reference.Warm-up25 People Killed in Egyptian Soccer Match Riot A riot broke out Sunday night outside of a major soccer game in Egypt, with a stampede and fighting between police and fans killing at least 25 people, authorities said. The riot began ahea
3、d of a match between Egyptian Premier League clubs Zamalek and ENPPI at Air Defense Stadium east of Cairo. Two security officials, speaking on condition of anonymity, said at least 25 people were killed. Egypts public prosecutor issued a statement ordering an investigation. After convening an emerge
4、ncy meeting to discuss the violence, the Cabinet announced that it was postponing upcoming soccer matches until further notice, Egypts state television said.Reference answersWarm-up25 People Killed in Egyptian Soccer Match Riot What caused the violence wasnt immediately clear. Security officials sai
5、d Zamalek fans tried to force their way into the match without tickets, sparking clashes. Fans have only recently been allowed back at matches and the Interior Ministry planned to let only 10,000 fans into the stadium, which has a capacity of about 30,000, the officials said. Zamalek fans posted on
6、their groups official Facebook page that the violence began because authorities only opened one narrow, barbed-wire door to let them in. They said that sparked pushing and shoving.Reference answersWarm-upWushu to Bid Again for Olympic Spot Wushu will bid again for inclusion in the Olympics and is ba
7、nking on increased participation in Africa and the Americas to aid its chances after previously missing out to wrestling. “We have to undertake another bidding process,” International Wushu Federation (IWUF) executive vice president Anthony Goh was quoted as saying on Friday. Goh said the Chinese ma
8、rtial art, which features regularly in Asian multi-sports events like the Asian Games and the Southeast Asian Games, needed to expand its reach. “We need to develop regions where wushu is less developed. We have to feature more often in multi-international games, like the African Games and the Pan A
9、merican Games,” he said.Reference answersWarm-upWushu to Bid Again for Olympic Spot Wushu was among eight sports competing for inclusion in the 2020 Olympics but missed out on the International Olympic Committees shortlist of three. Wushu could still feature at the 2020 Games in Tokyo, however, afte
10、r the IOC overhauled a number of rules in a December vote to allow sports an easier avenue into future Olympics. Tokyo Games organizers can officially request the inclusion of one or more sports with the IOC deciding which makes the cut.Reference answersWarm-up2 Listening and SpeakingTopic OneTechno
11、logy at the Winter Olympics1 Listen to the conversation and complete the answers to the questions with what you hear.Listening and SpeakingTechnology at the Winter OlympicsListening and understanding1 Why is the Sochi Winter Olympics considered the most expensive ever?They are reported to have cost
12、around _.2 Why were people surprised when they knew that the Winter Games were awarded to Sochi?Because Sochi is known for its _.3 In what ways has technology been used at the Sochi Olympics?Technology has been used in the materials in _, which can give competitors an advantage in speed. It has also
13、 been used in the _ athletes use, like skis, and in making artificial or fake _because of Sochis climate. 32 billionsubtropical climatethe design of sportswearequipmentsnow2 Listen to the conversation again and complete the table.Listening and SpeakingTechnology at the Winter OlympicsListening and u
14、nderstandingSports Use of technologyBobsleighracingBehind the scenes, 1) _ helps to design the best bobsleighs and the best 2_for the athletes to use.SpeedSkatingA newly-designed speed-skating suit helped many skaters 3) _.Skiing Skis are made with materials that increase 4) _. There are different d
15、esigns for different types of skiing: e.g. Some skis are narrow and light to use for 5) _, while others are short with curved edges, to allow skiers to 6) _ in a slalom race. 7) _ are being used to turn water into artificial snow. Problem: It uses up 8) _.computer modelingtechniquesbeat their person
16、al beststability and speedcross-country skiingtackle sharp turnsSnow gunslocal water resources3 Technology is playing an increasingly important role in sports. But this raises a question as to how technology affects sporting success. Which is the more important factor for winning in todays sports, t
17、he athlete or technology? Is the use of technology in sports a kind of cheating or progress? Discuss in groups whether the use of technology should be encouraged in sports.Listening and SpeakingThinking and speakingTechnology at the Winter OlympicsListening and SpeakingThinking and speakingTechnolog
18、y at the Winter OlympicsReference answers I think athletic performance should be seen as the sum of the athletes own abilities plus the technology available to him. An athlete may gain an advantage from the use of technology, but gaining a competitive advantage is what sport is all about. If a team
19、can make better wind-resistant bobsleighs, they should be allowed to. After all, every sport is essentially a team effort. You have the athletes, the coaches, the doctors and then you have the designers and engineers. So I think the use of technology in sports should be seen as a kind of progress.Li
20、stening and SpeakingThinking and speakingTechnology at the Winter OlympicsReference answers I think the use of technology in sports must be encouraged, but not in a way which overshadows the core skills of an athlete. When a newly-designed speed-skating suit helped many skaters beat their personal b
21、est, this was no doubt an amazing design. But if records were broken too easily with this suit, then the sporting success might be more about the technology than about the athletic skill. In this way, the use of technology in sports is a kind of cheating. So there should be rules in place to ensure
22、that athletes are not gaining too much of an advantage from technology. We need to allow sports to develop and grow through the use of technology while maintaining fair play.Topic TwoEpidemic of cheating in sports1 Now listen to a talk and tick the main points mentioned.Listening and SpeakingEpidemi
23、c of cheating in sportsListening and understanding1 Different forms of cheating in sports2 The role of ethics in sports3 Incidents of cheating in sports4 How to prevent cheating in sports5 Why athletes cheat2 Listen to the talk again and complete the summary.Listening and SpeakingEpidemic of cheatin
24、g in sportsListening and understanding Athletes often make every effort to win in competition. They may cheat by taking drugs that are meant to 1) _ or by purposely playing poorly or 2) _. The Deflategate is a recent incident of cheating, in which the New England Patriots was suspected of using foot
25、balls that did not 3) _. There were similar incidents around the world. A South African runner named Sergio Motsoeneng was found to have cheated in the Comrades Marathon in 1999, by 4) _ several times during the race with his nearly identical brother.improve their performancelosing a gamemeet NFL ru
26、leschanging places2 Listen to the talk again and complete the summary.Listening and SpeakingEpidemic of cheating in sportsListening and understanding He was forced to give back the money and was banned from 5) _ for 10 years. He returned to the race in 2010 but was found to have used 6) _. Another e
27、xample is Diego Maradonas “Hand of God”. He scored a goal with 7) _ in their World Cup quarterfinal game against England. There are several reasons why an athlete may cheat, including 8) _. Athletes are also more likely to cheat in a sports organization where there isnt a clear line between cheating
28、 and merely being 9) _.entering the eventa banned substancehis handa fear of losingvery competitive3 Work in pairs on the following activities.Listening and SpeakingThinking and speakingEpidemic of cheating in sportsVarious reasons account for why an athlete may cheat, such as a fear of losing and t
29、he culture of a sports organization. Give some other reasons of cheating in sports.step 1Reasons why athletes may cheat include a faulty value system, peer pressure, ego, ones past experience, and greed for money.3 Work in pairs on the following activities.Listening and SpeakingThinking and speaking
30、Epidemic of cheating in sportsRole-play an interview between a radio presenter and Maurice Schweitzer, an expert on the psychology of cheating. The presenter will ask Maurice why athletescheat in sports.step 2Listening and SpeakingThinking and speakingEpidemic of cheating in sportsPresenter: So far
31、youve mentioned a fear of losing and the culture of a sports organization, are there other reasons why athletes cheat in sports?Maurice: Yes, of course. I think one of the most important reasons for some athletes to cheat is their greed for money. Athletes who are motivated by financial rewards are
32、more likely to cheat.Presenter: Do you mean that if athletes make or consider money their top priority, they would want to do whatever it takes to make as much money as possible?Maurice: Yes, they would focus on winning at all costs rather than on sportsmanship. This can lead them to make bad decisi
33、ons. For example, they may take drugs to improve their performance even if they know that doping is cheating.Listening and SpeakingThinking and speakingEpidemic of cheating in sportsPresenter: So in a sense, money undermines sports values and corrupts sports.Maurice: Yes, it does in a way. When huge
34、 financial prizes are involved, athletes would stop participating in sports out of pure love, and begin participating only for the love of money.Presenter: In January 2015, Jerry Rice admitted to cheating and said everyone did it. And, in fact, one of the most powerful motivations for cheating is th
35、e belief that everyones doing it. Do you take that as an excuse?Maurice: I understand that if everyone around you is using steroids, the only way to be competitive is to use steroids too. But in the end, cheating is still cheating. We should not ignore the basic rule of right and wrong.Topic ThreeSp
36、orts that havent made it into the Olympics1 Listen to Part 1 of the talk and complete the answers.Listening and SpeakingSports that havent made it into the OlympicsListening and understanding1 Why cant all the sports be included in the Olympics?To keep the Games at a _.2 What do you learn about IOCs
37、 criteria for evaluating potential Olympic events?The criteria range from _ and tradition of the sport to its _.3 What do the three sports mentioned in the talk have in common?They all have a _, but none has become an Olympic event.manageable sizethe historydrug testing procedureswide international
38、following2 Listen to Part 2 of the talk and complete the table.Listening and SpeakingSports that havent made it into the OlympicsListening and understandingHistoryPopularityEfforts for inclusion in OlympicsBowling The earliest form of bowlingdates back to 1) _. It was a popular sport during the reig
39、n of Henry VIII.In modern times, 10-pin bowling is enjoyed by anestimated 2)_ people worldwide.In 1988 at the Seoul Summer Games, bowlingwas included as a 3) _.However, only 20 nations competed and thecompetition received 4) _because of its demonstration status.ancient Egypt100 milliondemonstration
40、sportlittle media coverageListening and SpeakingSports that havent made it into the OlympicsListening and understanding ChessChess was officially recognized as asport back in 5) _. An attempt was made to include chess in the 1924 Olympics but it failed because of difficulties in distinguishing betwe
41、en amateur and 6) _. The World Chess Federation introduced 7) _ in its competitions in line with IOC rules.HistoryPopularityEfforts for inclusion in Olympicsthe 1920sprofessional playersdrug testingListening and SpeakingSports that havent made it into the OlympicsListening and understandingSquash Sq
42、uash was invented at aprestigious English boarding school around 8) _. It was officially recognized as asport in 9) _ and gained soaring popularity since then. Today, 17 million people in some 10) _ countries play squash. It is rated by the Forbes magazine as the worlds 11) _in 2007. The World Squas
43、h Federation has been campaigning for squash to be included on the Olympic program since 12) _. Squash failed in its bid for a spot in the 2005 Olympics because it did not receive the 13) _ of votes needed to be included. It also missed out on the 2016 and 2020 Olympics. History Popularity Efforts f
44、or inclusion in Olympics18301864185healthiest sport1992two-thirds majority3 Suppose the IOC has decided to add one sport to the Olympics. Choose a sport that you support and imagine that you are the head of the governing body of the sport. You have two minutes to give a presentation to the IOC membe
45、rs before they vote on the sport to be added. You may include some of the following information in your presentation. Work in pairs on the following activities.Listening and SpeakingThinking and speakingSports that havent made it into the Olympics history participation level popularity anti-doping p
46、olicy ticket sales TV audience gender equality media coverageListening and SpeakingReference answersSports that havent made it into the OlympicsHonorable members of the IOC, ladies and gentlemen,Good afternoon. On behalf of the World Squash Federation, I am here today to present reasons why squash s
47、hould be included in the Olympics and our effort toward its inclusion. Squash is the second most popular sport in the world. It is played by 17 million people in more than 185 countries and has participants from every continent. We believe its popularity would continue to soar if it could win a plac
48、e at the Olympics. Besides its global appeal, squash has been a regular sport at the Commonwealth Games, the Pan American Games, and the Asian Games since the 1990s. So the participation level of the sport has been impressively high.Listening and SpeakingReference answersSports that havent made it i
49、nto the Olympics Since our first bid for inclusion into the Olympics, we have been listening, learning and improving. For example, we have made efforts to improve squashs appeal to spectators. We have used all-glass courts, video review systems and a white ball to help make it more spectator-friendl
50、y. This is squashs fourth attempt to gain Olympic status. We believe its time for squash to have its chance to shine on the worlds greatest sporting stage. We can see that Olympic inclusion would bring more people, from different nations, to the sport of squash, which has been voted the worlds healt
