1、GrammarI. Learning about language1. Sara _ ( acknowledge / acknowledgement ) her mistake and made an apology immediately.2. The report _ (contradict / contradiction ) what we saw in our physics lesson yesterday.acknowledgedcontradicts3. The _ (recommend / recommendation) I would make is that you app
2、ly for a passport and then arrange to get your visa to England as soon as possible.4. I am too _ (occupy / occupation) with my own essay for this seminar to help you with yours.recommendationoccupied5. This new videophone will meet almost all our _ (require / requirement).6. The chemist _ (analyse /
3、 analysis) the coffee and found it contained poison.requirementanalysed7. Watching Rugby matches gave me much _ (comfort / comfortable) after I broke my leg and missed playing the game for four months.8. After four years of study, you will gain _ (qualified / qualification) in marketing and have a b
4、achelors fortqualification9. Ive got lots of _ (prepare / preparation) to do for the dinner party tonight.10. Xie Lei found she could _ (adjust / adjustment) to the routine of life in England because her host family were so helpful.adjustpreparation. GrammarFinish the following sentences.1. He has t
5、wo sons _ work in the same place. 2. He has two sons, _ work in the same place. whowho3. They gave up the plan _ they worked out yesterday. 4. They gave up the plan, _ was a very good one. that/whichwhichRestrictive Attributive Clause1. We will always remember the days that we spent in the village.2
6、. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.定语从句 IINon-restrictive Attributive Clause1. John, who was sitting on my left, said that this meal was the best he had ever had.2. He was late again, which made his teacher very angry. . Grammar points非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句1. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句: 限制
7、性定语从句限制性定语从句:所谓限制性定语从句所谓限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语就是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉如果去掉, 主句就会失去意义或意义不主句就会失去意义或意义不完整。这种从句和先行词的关系十分完整。这种从句和先行词的关系十分密切密切,写时不用逗号和主句分开。写时不用逗号和主句分开。I was the only person in my office who was invited. 我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人。 (如果把从句部分去掉如果把从句部分去掉, 整个句子的含义整个句子的含义就变了就变了)非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句
8、:非限制性定语从非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十分密切句和主句的关系并不十分密切,只是只是对先行词做些附加说明对先行词做些附加说明,如果去掉如果去掉,主主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话时语调之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话时语调上须停顿上须停顿, 一般不用一般不用that引导。引导。1) His dog, which was now very old, became ill and died. 他的狗当时很老了他的狗当时很老了, 生病后就死了。生病后就死了。(去掉从句去掉从句, 主句的意义仍然完整主句的意义仍然完整:他他的狗生病死了。的狗
9、生病死了。) 2) Yesterday I met Li Lei, who seemed to be very busy. 昨天我碰上李雷了昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。他好象很忙。 (去掉从句去掉从句, 主句的意义仍然完整主句的意义仍然完整:昨天昨天我碰上李雷了。我碰上李雷了。)2. 非限制性定语从句中的一些问题：非限制性定语从句中的一些问题：a. 非限制性定语从句中非限制性定语从句中, 指物时指物时, 用用which而不用而不用that。1) Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.2
10、) All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.Tipsb. 指人时主格用指人时主格用who,宾格用宾格用whom,物主格用物主格用whose(也可指物也可指物)。1) Miss Howe, whom you met in the library, is our new teacher.2) The Arabs, who are famous for their horses and camels, use these animals for work and in sports
11、.3) Li Ming, whose mother has been ill for two days, is absent from school today.c. 另外关系副词另外关系副词when(指时间指时间), where (指地点指地点)也可以引导非限制也可以引导非限制性定语从句性定语从句(注意关系副词注意关系副词why不能不能引导非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句。4) He lives in the city, where there is a high tower.5) The Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949, w
12、hen he was born.d. 介词加关系代词也可以引导非限介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定性定语从句。定性定语从句。6) Wu Dong, with whom I went to see the film, enjoyed it very much.7) Her bag, in which she put all her books, has not been found.8) The story about the Long March, of which this is an example, are well written.3. as, which 非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从
13、句 由由as, which 引导的非限定性定引导的非限定性定语从句语从句, as和和which可代整个主句可代整个主句，相当于，相当于and this或或and that。As一般放在句首一般放在句首, which在句中在句中。 As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.Suggested answers to Ex3 on Page 41. 1. Peter danced and sang all evening. People u
14、sed to think Peter was quiet. Peter, who people used to think was quiet, danced and sang all evening.练一练！2. Sharon gave me a picture for my birthday. She had painted it especially for me. For my birthday, Sharon gave me a picture (which) she had painted especially for me.3. The operation was perform
15、ed in a famous hospital. My grandfathers hearing improved. The operation, which improved my grandfathers hearing, was performed in a famous hospital.4. When I went on a tour round China, I saw many historical sites. It was very exciting. I saw many historical sites when I went on a tour around China
16、, which was very exciting.5. The two traffic accidents happened on the same morning. Then there was a heavy fog. The two traffic accidents happened on the same morning, when there was a heavy fog.6. Tang Ling volunteered to help the welfare house. There she teaches the homeless children. Tang Ling v
17、olunteered to help the welfare house, where she teaches the homeless children.7. As far as Im concerned, Anne should not be going to America next year. Her daughter is in my class. As far as Im concerned, Anne, whose daughter is in my class, should not be going to America next year.8. He went on a b
18、us tour with a group of people. Most of them had never traveled before. He went on a bus tour with a group of people, most of whom had never travelled before. 1. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. whichD. he 此为非限定性从句此为非限定性从句,不能用不能用 that修修饰饰,而用而用which. i
19、t 和和he 都使后句成为都使后句成为句子句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选接。况且选he句意不通。句意不通。CI. Choose the best answer.2. As announced in todays papers, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays. A. being B. is C. to be D. been注意两个非限定性定语从句的引导词：as, which, which在做非限定性定语从句引导词时有两个特点：1 which前要有逗号与前面句子分开
20、； 2 which引导非限定性定语从句指的是前面整句话的内容。只要引导非限定性定语从句 as 和 which 都指一句话内容，区别在于which只能放在它所指那句话的后面，而as可以在前面也可以在后面。B3. It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park. A. that B. which C. as D. it 4. She is a teacher of much knowledge, _ much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from wh
21、omBD5. China has many rivers, _the Changjiang River is the longest. A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of whichC6. A. Pisa is a city, _ has a leaning tower. B. Pisa is a city, _there is a leaning tower. A. which B. that C. where D. thereAC7. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in
22、the play,_ ,of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what 8. Do you know the reason _ he was late? A. that B. which C. for what D. for whichBD9. I have bought two ball pens , _ writes well. A. none of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of themB10. The English
23、play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which C11. This is the very knife _ I used to cut apples yesterday. A. that B. by which C. which D. with whichD1. It surprised everyone that Jim passed the college entrance exams. Jim pass
24、ed the college entrance exams, _ surprised everyone.II. 每空填一词，使该句与所给句子的意每空填一词，使该句与所给句子的意思相同。思相同。which2. I might work late into the night. If so, I will ring you up. I might work late into the night, in _ case, I will ring you up.3. He made another discovery. And we think it is of great importance. H
25、e made another discovery, _ we think is of great importance.whichwhich4. This is Mr. Li. We came to the exhibition in his car. This is Mr. Li, in _ car we came to the exhibition.5. We walked down the village street. There the villagers were having market day. We walked down the village street, _ the
26、 villagers were having market day.whosewhere III. 将下列句子翻译成英语。1.那个女孩是我们学校最优秀的学生，她的名字叫凯特。 2. 运动会将被推迟到下个月，那时我们将做好一切准备。 The girl, whose name is Kate, is the top of the students in our school.The sports meeting will be put off till next month, when we will have made all the preparations. 3. 第二天我们到达纽约, 在那
27、里我们接受了电台的采访。4. 那座房子在地震中依然耸立, 它是一百多年前建造的。5. 约翰有音乐天赋, 他是一个5岁大的孩子。The next day we arrived in New York, where we were interviewed on the radio.The house, which was built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake.John, who is five, has a talent for music.Homework1. Finish Ex1 and Ex3 on Page 81. 2. Remember the usage of non-restrictive attributive clause 3. Go over the Reading on Page 38, think about what kind of difficulties you would meet while traveling.
